{"id":12717,"date":"2020-11-13T08:56:14","date_gmt":"2020-11-13T01:56:14","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/antoanthongtinhaiphong.gov.vn\/?p=12717"},"modified":"2024-08-28T15:28:17","modified_gmt":"2024-08-28T08:28:17","slug":"mot-vai-net-ve-thuc-trang-chuan-hoa-mat-ma-hau-luong-tu-phan-1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/antoanthongtinhaiphong.gov.vn\/mot-vai-net-ve-thuc-trang-chuan-hoa-mat-ma-hau-luong-tu-phan-1\/","title":{"rendered":"M\u1ed9t v\u00e0i n\u00e9t v\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c tr\u1ea1ng chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a m\u1eadt m\u00e3 h\u1eadu l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed (Ph\u1ea7n 1)"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 t\u1eadp trung ph\u00e2n t\u00edch qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n an to\u00e0n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed c\u1ee7a NIST, d\u1ef1 \u00e1n m\u1eadt m\u00e3 h\u1eadu l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed v\u1ec1 PQC v\u00e0 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u1ec1 ch\u1eef k\u00fd s\u1ed1 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean h\u00e0m b\u0103m NIST SP 800 – 208 c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a v\u1ec1 m\u1eadt m\u00e3 h\u1eadu l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7n ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n qu\u1ed1c gia Hoa K\u1ef3. Chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u trong c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n ti\u1ebfp theo c\u1ee7a b\u00e0i b\u00e1o.<\/strong>
\n1. Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a\u00a0m\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed<\/a>\u00a0\u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1eadt m\u00e3 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a uy t\u00edn tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi nh\u01b0: NIST, ETSI, IETF, ANSI, ITU\u2026 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00e1i quy\u1ebft li\u1ec7t nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u01b0a ra ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n m\u1eadt m\u00e3 m\u1edbi v\u1ec1 an to\u00e0n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed. Nh\u1eefng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c n\u00e0y c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 kh\u1ea3 quan, b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u xem x\u00e9t t\u00ednh kh\u1ea3 thi c\u1ee7a m\u1eadt m\u00e3 h\u1eadu l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed cho vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0o c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 nh\u01b0 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng, internet, v\u1ea1n v\u1eadt k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i IoT, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed\u2026<\/p>\n

Trong ba th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 qua, m\u1eadt m\u00e3 kh\u00f3a c\u00f4ng khai tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu trong c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1 to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. \u0110\u1ed9 an to\u00e0n c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u giao th\u1ee9c truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng hi\u1ec7n nay d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o ba ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng m\u1eadt m\u00e3 c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i: m\u00e3 h\u00f3a kh\u00f3a c\u00f4ng khai, ch\u1eef k\u00fd s\u1ed1 v\u00e0 trao \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00f3a. Hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng n\u00e0y ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec3n khai b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trao \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00f3a Diffie-Hellman, h\u1ec7 m\u1eadt m\u00e3 RSA v\u00e0\u00a0h\u1ec7 m\u1eadt m\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong Elliptic<\/a>. \u0110\u1ed9 an to\u00e0n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 m\u1eadt n\u00e0y d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c b\u00e0i to\u00e1n kh\u00f3 nh\u01b0: ph\u00e2n t\u00edch s\u1ed1, logarit r\u1eddi r\u1ea1c.<\/p>\n

N\u0103m 1994, Peter Shor thu\u1ed9c ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m Bell \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed, m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u1eadt l\u00fd c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ph\u00e9p t\u00ednh, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c b\u00e0i to\u00e1n kh\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 so v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng t\u00ednh to\u00e1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec5n c\u1ea3nh t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng tin s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1eadt m\u00e3 kh\u00f3a c\u00f4ng khai s\u1ebd b\u1ecb \u0111e d\u1ecda nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra nh\u01b0: \u0110\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? Khi n\u00e0o m\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng? C\u00f3 c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00e1ng l\u1ea1i k\u1ebb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ea3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed v\u00e0 c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n kh\u00f4ng?…<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 truy\u1ec1n c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng cho vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb v\u1ec1 m\u1eadt m\u00e3 h\u1eadu l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed. Trong h\u01a1n 20 n\u0103m qua, k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a Shor, l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft v\u1ec1 thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nhanh ch\u00f3ng. C\u00e1c thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c theo c\u1ea5p s\u1ed1 nh\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n cho m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u00e0i to\u00e1n li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng v\u1eadt l\u00fd, l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft s\u1ed1 v\u00e0 t\u00f4 p\u00f4. Tuy nhi\u00ean, danh s\u00e1ch thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c theo c\u1ea5p s\u1ed1 nh\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng t\u00ednh to\u00e1n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed v\u1eabn c\u00f2n t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i \u00edt. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n c\u00f3 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 khi\u00eam t\u1ed1n h\u01a1n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n cho c\u00e1c l\u1edbp r\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm, t\u00ecm va ch\u1ea1m v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 d\u1ea1ng h\u00e0m Bool. C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm Grover \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c b\u1eadc hai cho c\u00e1c b\u00e0i to\u00e1n t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm tr\u00ean t\u1eadp kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c nh\u01b0 v\u1eady kh\u00f4ng khi\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1eadt m\u00e3 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i tr\u1edf n\u00ean l\u1ed7i th\u1eddi, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0i kh\u00f3a l\u1edbn h\u01a1n ngay c\u1ea3 trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p kh\u00f3a \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng.<\/p>\n

S\u1ef1 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed \u0111\u00e3 thu h\u00fat c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc m\u1eadt m\u00e3 tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u00f9ng gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt th\u00f4ng tin trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai v\u1edbi hy v\u1ecdng c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng kh\u00f3a c\u00f4ng khai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean th\u1ee7y m\u1edbi, c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng kh\u00e1ng t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed. Ng\u00e0nh khoa h\u1ecdc n\u00e0y c\u00f3 t\u00ean l\u00e0 m\u1eadt m\u00e3 h\u1eadu l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u r\u1ea5t s\u00f4i n\u1ed5i v\u1edbi chu\u1ed7i h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb ri\u00eang, PQCrypto, b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb n\u0103m 2006. L\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 qu\u1ed1c gia, \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c2u v\u00e0 Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n PQCrypto v\u00e0 SAFEcrypto c\u1ee7a Li\u00ean minh ch\u00e2u \u00c2u v\u00e0 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n CREST Crypto-Math c\u1ee7a Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n. Nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, m\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cho vi\u1ec7c tri\u1ec3n khai h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1eadt m\u00e3 h\u1eadu l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng n\u0103m v\u1eeba qua, c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y: k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb n\u0103m 2013, Vi\u1ec7n Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n Vi\u1ec5n th\u00f4ng ch\u00e2u \u00c2u (ETSI) \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c 03 h\u1ed9i th\u1ea3o v\u1ec1 m\u1eadt m\u00e3 an to\u00e0n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed. V\u00e0o n\u0103m 2015, NIST \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c h\u1ed9i th\u1ea3o v\u1ec1 \u201cAn ninh m\u1ea1ng trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi h\u1eadu l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed\u201d, c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 tham gia c\u1ee7a h\u01a1n 140 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1eeb c\u01a1 quan ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 c\u00e1c vi\u1ec7n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a Hoa K\u1ef3. C\u00e1c n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0a ra v\u1edbi hy v\u1ecdng c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n m\u1eadt m\u00e3 h\u1eadu l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai kh\u00f4ng xa.<\/p>\n

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\"M\u1ed9t<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n

2. Vi\u1ec7n Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Qu\u1ed1c gia Hoa K\u1ef3<\/strong><\/h4>\n

V\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 2016,\u00a0Vi\u1ec7n Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Qu\u1ed1c gia Hoa K\u1ef3<\/a>\u00a0(NIST – National Institute of Standards and Technology) \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c thu th\u1eadp, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nh\u1eb1m chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n m\u1eadt m\u00e3 m\u1edbi c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng kh\u00e1ng l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn. N\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean l\u00e0 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a m\u1eadt m\u00e3 h\u1eadu l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed (PQC – Post Quantum Cryptography) v\u00e0 t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n m\u1eadt m\u00e3 phi \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng cho m\u00e3 h\u00f3a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, ch\u1eef k\u00fd s\u1ed1 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf b\u1ecdc kh\u00f3a. Khi \u0111\u00f3, NIST d\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ebd t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ba v\u00f2ng thi tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u01b0a ra d\u1ef1 th\u1ea3o ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n m\u1eadt m\u00e3 h\u1eadu l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed. Ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f3 23 l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3 ch\u1eef k\u00fd s\u1ed1, 59 l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a\/c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf b\u1ecdc kh\u00f3a (KEM – Key Encapsulation Mechanism) tham gia d\u1ef1 \u00e1n.<\/p>\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean, l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u1ee9ng vi\u00ean b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 ngay sau khi n\u1ed9p h\u1ed3 s\u01a1. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3 ch\u1eef k\u00fd s\u1ed1 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ghi m\u00e3 RankSign b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 b\u1edfi Thomas Debris-Alazard c\u00f9ng c\u00e1c c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1, c\u00e1c l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a kh\u00f3a c\u00f4ng khai v\u00e0 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf b\u1ecdc kh\u00f3a nh\u01b0 l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3 RaCoSS, HK17, Hila b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 b\u1edfi Daniel J. Bernstein v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n 69 \u0111\u1ec7 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c xem x\u00e9t cho v\u00f2ng 2. C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ch\u1eef k\u00fd s\u1ed1, v\u00f2ng m\u1ed9t c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u00f3 19 \u1ee9ng vi\u00ean, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 6 \u1ee9ng vi\u00ean d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft l\u01b0\u1edbi, 3 \u1ee9ng vi\u00ean d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ghi m\u00e3, 2 \u1ee9ng vi\u00ean d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean h\u00e0m b\u0103m, 7 \u1ee9ng vi\u00ean d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean \u0111a th\u1ee9c nhi\u1ec1u bi\u1ebfn, 1 \u1ee9ng vi\u00ean d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nh\u00f3m b\u1ec7n v\u00e0 1 \u1ee9ng vi\u00ean d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ch\u1ee9ng minh kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 tri th\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n

V\u00f2ng 2 c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n NIST \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 1\/2019. Trong v\u00f2ng n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i 26 \u1ee9ng vi\u00ean trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 17 l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a\/c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf b\u1ecdc kh\u00f3a v\u00e0 9 \u1ee9ng vi\u00ean l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3 ch\u1eef k\u00fd s\u1ed1 (kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ec7 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0o chung cho c\u1ea3 hai m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch tr\u00ean). V\u00f2ng 3 c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n NIST d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 6\/2020. Theo th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o, trong v\u00f2ng n\u00e0y NIST s\u1ebd c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng ch\u1ecdn ra \u00edt \u1ee9ng vi\u00ean h\u01a1n. Vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 th\u00eam ti\u1ebfp c\u00e1c v\u00f2ng sau n\u1eefa hay kh\u00f4ng v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh. NIST d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn s\u1ebd c\u00f3 b\u1ea3n d\u1ef1 th\u1ea3o chu\u1ea9n m\u1eadt m\u00e3 h\u1eadu l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng n\u0103m 2022 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2024. Tuy v\u1eady, m\u1ed1c th\u1eddi gian tr\u00ean c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, d\u1ef1 \u00e1n PQC \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ebft th\u00fac v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2024. Tuy nhi\u00ean, NIST \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ban h\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t chu\u1ea9n ch\u1eef k\u00fd s\u1ed1 trong th\u1eddi gian s\u1edbm h\u01a1n do lo ng\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 an to\u00e0n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed t\u1ea1i th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean th\u1ee7y ch\u1eef k\u00fd s\u1ed1 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean h\u00e0m b\u0103m v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 an to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o gi\u1ea3 thi\u1ebft b\u00e0i to\u00e1n kh\u00f3 n\u00e0o m\u00e0 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed9 an to\u00e0n c\u1ee7a h\u00e0m b\u0103m c\u01a1 s\u1edf. Hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, NIST \u0111ang t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i v\u1ec1 d\u1ef1 th\u1ea3o ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ch\u1eef k\u00fd s\u1ed1 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean h\u00e0m b\u0103m c\u00f3 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, NIST \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a ra d\u1ef1 th\u1ea3o ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n NIST SP 800-208 v\u1ec1 khuy\u1ebfn c\u00e1o \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3 ch\u1eef k\u00fd d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean h\u00e0m b\u0103m \u201cstateful\u201d (HBS-Hash Based Signature) v\u00e0o 21\/6\/2018. Trong \u0111\u00f3, thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef \u201cstateful\u201d nh\u1eb1m ch\u1ec9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u00fd ph\u1ea3i l\u01b0u gi\u1eef tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i qua c\u00e1c l\u1ea7n k\u00fd \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c kh\u00f3a b\u00ed m\u1eadt. Kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3 ch\u1eef k\u00fd s\u1ed1 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c b\u00e0i to\u00e1n kh\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft nh\u01b0 b\u00e0i to\u00e1n ph\u00e2n t\u00edch s\u1ed1 ho\u1eb7c b\u00e0i to\u00e1n logarit r\u1eddi r\u1ea1c s\u1ebd b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed v\u1edbi n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n \u0111\u1ee7 l\u1edbn, l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3 ch\u1eef k\u00fd s\u1ed1 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean h\u00e0m b\u0103m v\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c an to\u00e0n do \u0111\u1ed9 an to\u00e0n c\u1ee7a h\u00e0m b\u0103m \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean m\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed. C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, h\u00e0m b\u0103m v\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee9c an to\u00e0n b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda m\u1ee9c an to\u00e0n c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n Gorver (thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 \u0111\u1ed9 an to\u00e0n c\u1ee7a h\u00e0m b\u0103m) tr\u00ean m\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed.<\/p>\n

Trong s\u1ed1 sau, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y li\u00ean quan t\u1edbi l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 ban h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n m\u1eadt m\u00e3 h\u1eadu l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c uy t\u00edn kh\u00e1c tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi nh\u01b0: Vi\u1ec7n ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n Vi\u1ec5n th\u00f4ng Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u, T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c chuy\u00ean tr\u00e1ch k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt Internet v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c\u2026.<\/p>\n

\n

TS. Ho\u00e0ng V\u0103n Th\u1ee9c, TS. Nguy\u1ec5n B\u00f9i C\u01b0\u01a1ng (Vi\u1ec7n Khoa h\u1ecdc – C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1eadt m\u00e3, Ban C\u01a1 y\u1ebfu Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 t\u1eadp trung ph\u00e2n t\u00edch qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n an to\u00e0n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed c\u1ee7a NIST, d\u1ef1 \u00e1n m\u1eadt m\u00e3 h\u1eadu l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed v\u1ec1 PQC v\u00e0 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u1ec1 ch\u1eef k\u00fd s\u1ed1 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean h\u00e0m b\u0103m NIST SP 800 – 208 c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":12718,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"tdm_status":"","tdm_grid_status":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-12717","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-kien-thuc-an-toan-thong-tin"],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/antoanthongtinhaiphong.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12717","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/antoanthongtinhaiphong.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/antoanthongtinhaiphong.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/antoanthongtinhaiphong.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/antoanthongtinhaiphong.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12717"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/antoanthongtinhaiphong.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12717\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":44477,"href":"https:\/\/antoanthongtinhaiphong.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12717\/revisions\/44477"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/antoanthongtinhaiphong.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/12718"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/antoanthongtinhaiphong.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12717"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/antoanthongtinhaiphong.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12717"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/antoanthongtinhaiphong.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12717"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}