{"id":45282,"date":"2024-12-17T09:08:51","date_gmt":"2024-12-17T02:08:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/antoanthongtinhaiphong.gov.vn\/?p=45282"},"modified":"2024-12-18T09:10:57","modified_gmt":"2024-12-18T02:10:57","slug":"cong-nghe-5g-nen-tang-cho-tuong-lai-ket-noi-toan-cau-phan-1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/antoanthongtinhaiphong.gov.vn\/cong-nghe-5g-nen-tang-cho-tuong-lai-ket-noi-toan-cau-phan-1\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 5G: N\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u (Ph\u1ea7n 1)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1ea1ng 5G \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u1eb7t quan tr\u1ecdng trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c vi\u1ec5n th\u00f4ng v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 Massive MIMO, NOMA, mmWave, IoT v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y. Nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 mang l\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i trong truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng d\u00e2y m\u00e0 c\u00f2n m\u1edf ra c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i to l\u1edbn cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y cung c\u1ea5p b\u1ee9c tranh t\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u 5G.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h4><strong>5G Massive MIMO<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 MIMO (Multiple-Input-Multiple-Output) \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng tin kh\u00f4ng d\u00e2y, cho ph\u00e9p g\u1eedi v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn nhi\u1ec1u t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi tr\u00ean c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t k\u00eanh v\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn. MIMO \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 then ch\u1ed1t trong c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng Wifi, 3G, 4G v\u00e0 4G LTE-A nh\u1edd kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t ph\u1ed5 v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, MIMO truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf v\u1ec1 th\u00f4ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i. \u0110\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 nh\u01b0 MIMO ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u01a1n (SU-MIMO), MIMO nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng (MU-MIMO) v\u00e0 m\u1ea1ng MIMO \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. D\u00f9 v\u1eady, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng cu\u1ed1i.<\/p>\n<p>\u0110a ng\u01b0\u01a1\u0300i du\u0300ng \u0111a \u0103ng-ten quy m\u00f4 l\u01a1\u0301n (Massive MIMO) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfn m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 MIMO, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec3n khai trong\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/antoanthongtin.gov.vn\/cong-nghe-thong-tin\/chien-luoc-bao-mat-va-kha-nang-phuc-hoi-mang-5g-cua-cisa-109344\">m\u1ea1ng 5G\u00a0<\/a>v\u1edbi h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m, th\u00e2\u0323m chi\u0301 h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn \u0103ng-ten t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1m g\u1ed1c nh\u1eb1m t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00f4ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t ph\u1ed5. Massive MIMO s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u \u0103ng-ten truy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec3 gia t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t ph\u1ed5, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 khi nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng (User Equipment &#8211; UE) \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi t\u1ea1o l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ea3i xu\u1ed1ng. C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng \u0103ng-ten b\u1ed5 sung \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eadp trung n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0o c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c kh\u00f4ng gian nh\u1ecf, qua \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 ph\u1ed5 v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n<p>H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, Massive MIMO v\u1edbi c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt beamforming v\u00e0 gh\u00e9p k\u00eanh quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn cho ph\u00e9p thu th\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb c\u00e1c c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn th\u00f4ng minh v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ec5 th\u1ea5p, t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u cao v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady cao. C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn th\u00f4ng minh nh\u01b0 xe t\u1ef1 l\u00e1i, ch\u0103m s\u00f3c y t\u1ebf, l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u00f4ng minh, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 th\u00f4ng minh, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cao t\u1ed1c th\u00f4ng minh, nh\u00e0 th\u00f4ng minh v\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p th\u00f4ng minh, b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch truy\u1ec1n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c t\u1edbi c\u00e1c trung t\u00e2m gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t.<\/p>\n<p>C\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt c\u1ee7a Massive MIMO trong\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/antoanthongtin.gov.vn\/giai-phap-khac\/5g---chia-khoa-di-toi-cong-nghiep-40-110843\">5G<\/a>\u00a0c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/em>: Massive MIMO l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ch\u1ee7 l\u1ef1c cung c\u1ea5p t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n kh\u00f4ng d\u00e2y cao, \u0111\u1ea1t m\u1ee9c gigabit m\u1ed7i gi\u00e2y.<\/li>\n<li><em>M\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 s\u00f3ng v\u00e0 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0103ng-ten<\/em>: Hai y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 n\u00e0y t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ngh\u1ecbch, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 th\u1ea5p c\u1ea7n \u0103ng-ten l\u1edbn h\u01a1n v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i.<\/li>\n<li><em>S\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng<\/em>: Trong c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 t\u1eeb 1G \u0111\u1ebfn 4G, m\u1ed9t \u00f4 (cell) th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ee9a 10 \u0103ng-ten. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 5G s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u01a1n 100 \u0103ng-ten cho m\u1ed9t \u00f4, cho ph\u00e9p ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"itemsContainer\">\n<div class=\"image\"><a title=\"C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 5G: N\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u (Ph\u1ea7n 1)\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/tailieu.antoanthongtin.vn\/Files\/files\/site-2\/images\/20241215\/th1.png\" alt=\"C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 5G: N\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u (Ph\u1ea7n 1)\" \/><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><em>H\u00ecnh 1: H\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a MIMO<\/em><\/p>\n<p>C\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eadp trung c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng MIMO trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng kh\u00f4ng d\u00e2y hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 (multirate) MIMO \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t nh\u1eb1m c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 m\u01b0\u1ee3t c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 l\u1ed7i so v\u1edbi MIMO truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa multirate v\u00e0 single-rate \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u. C\u00e1c c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh MIMO \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n (c\u00f3 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c) c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh t\u00edch h\u1ee3p 5G, v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 \u0103ng-ten kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n<p>Ngo\u00e0i ra, nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng massive MIMO cho th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1m g\u1ed1c (Base Station &#8211; BS) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, d\u00f9 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m th\u00f4ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7t ra nhu c\u1ea7u ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a c\u1ea3 hai y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1. V\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eadp trung gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p x\u1eed l\u00fd, t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a chu\u1ed7i\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/antoanthongtin.gov.vn\/gp-atm\/su-phu-hop-cua-tetra-trong-he-thong-lien-lac-vo-tuyen-di-dong-so-chuyen-dung-110473\">t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 v\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn<\/a>\u00a0(Radio frequency &#8211; RF) v\u00e0 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng Massive MIMO, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 ra nhi\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u m\u1edf. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/antoanthongtin.gov.vn\/an-toan-thong-tin\/toi-uu-hoa-ha-tang-luu-tru-du-lieu-kinh-nghiem-va-ung-dung-thuc-tien-trong-trien-khai-de-an-06-110527\">t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a<\/a>\u00a0l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn v\u00e0 l\u1eadp l\u1ecbch \u0103ng-ten, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem x\u00e9t nh\u1eb1m n\u00e2ng cao t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean v\u00e0 b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng massive MIMO c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c nh\u01b0 \u00f4 nh\u1ecf (small cells), Gh\u00e9p k\u00eanh ph\u00e2n chia theo t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 tr\u1ef1c giao (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing &#8211; OFDM) v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n nh\u01b0 IEEE 802 v\u00e0 3GPP, nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng l\u1edbn trong vi\u1ec7c tri\u1ec3n khai h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng tin th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n<h4><strong>5G Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 truy c\u1eadp v\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn kh\u00f4ng tr\u1ef1c giao (Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access &#8211; NOMA) \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng tin di \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 m\u1edbi. So v\u1edbi c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt truy c\u1eadp v\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn tr\u1ef1c giao tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y, NOMA mang l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i nh\u01b0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t ph\u1ed5 cao, \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ec5 th\u1ea5p v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady cao v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao v\u1edbi m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1edbn. NOMA ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u00f9ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng chung t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi gian, kh\u00f4ng gian v\u00e0 t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1. C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh hai lo\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh: NOMA mi\u1ec1n m\u00e3 (code-domain NOMA) v\u00e0 NOMA mi\u1ec1n c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t (power-domain NOMA).<\/p>\n<p>NOMA mi\u1ec1n m\u00e3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t ph\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng MIMO kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 (mMIMO), t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i trong m\u1ea1ng th\u00f4ng tin di \u0111\u1ed9ng 5G. NOMA mi\u1ec1n m\u00e3 bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt truy c\u1eadp kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0 truy c\u1eadp m\u00e3 th\u01b0a (Sparse code multiple access &#8211; SCMA), truy c\u1eadp ph\u00e2n ho\u1ea1ch m\u1ea1ng (Lattice Partition Multiple Access &#8211; LPMA), truy c\u1eadp chia s\u1ebb \u0111a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng (Multi-user Shared Access &#8211; MUSA) v\u00e0 truy c\u1eadp ph\u00e2n chia theo m\u1eabu (Pattern division multiple access &#8211; PDMA).<\/p>\n<p>Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, NOMA mi\u1ec1n c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong m\u1ea1ng 5G do kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p t\u1ed1t v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng d\u00e2y nh\u01b0 MIMO, beamforming, m\u00e3 h\u00f3a kh\u00f4ng gian &#8211; th\u1eddi gian, m\u00e3 h\u00f3a m\u1ea1ng, truy\u1ec1n d\u1eabn song c\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n (full &#8211; duplex) v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c (cooperative communication).<\/p>\n<p>Truy c\u1eadp v\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn tr\u1ef1c giao \u0111a t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access &#8211; OFDMA) truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong m\u1ea1ng 4G LTE c\u1ee7a 3GPP, th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t ph\u1ed5 khi t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u00f4ng tin tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i k\u00eanh (Channel state information &#8211; CSI) th\u1ea5p. NOMA gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch cho ph\u00e9p t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o c\u00e1c k\u00eanh con, gi\u00fap n\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t ph\u1ed5.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/antoanthongtin.gov.vn\/gp-atm\/trach-nhiem-bao-mat-mang-5g-cua-cac-nha-cung-cap-dich-vu-va-trien-khai-109439\">M\u1ea1ng 5G<\/a>\u00a0v\u1edbi ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac d\u1ecb th\u1ec3, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c small cell v\u00e0 macro ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng chia s\u1ebb ph\u1ed5, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng NOMA, v\u00ec nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chia s\u1ebb d\u1eef li\u1ec7u trong c\u00e1c small cells theo nguy\u00ean l\u00fd NOMA. C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u01b0 m\u1ea1ng si\u00eau d\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c (Ultra-dense network &#8211; UDN), truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng m\u00e1y v\u1edbi m\u00e1y (Machine-to-Machine &#8211; M2M) v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng ki\u1ec3u m\u00e1y kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 (Massive Machine-Type Communications &#8211; mMTC).<\/p>\n<p>D\u00f9 v\u1eady, NOMA c\u0169ng g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n h\u1ee7y b\u1ecf giao thoa tu\u1ea7n t\u1ef1 khi ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u1edf t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u cao v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed1i \u01b0u ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng di chuy\u1ec3n ra kh\u1ecfi m\u1ea1ng. HNOMA l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa NOMA mi\u1ec1n m\u00e3 v\u00e0 NOMA mi\u1ec1n c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf n\u00e0y. HNOMA s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean tr\u1ef1c giao \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i gi\u1eefa nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng, \u0111\u1ea1t hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t ph\u1ed5 cao h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p NOMA ri\u00eang l\u1ebb. C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n lan truy\u1ec1n tin v\u00e0 thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n h\u1ee7y b\u1ecf giao thoa tu\u1ea7n t\u1ef1 t\u1ea1i tr\u1ea1m g\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi.<\/p>\n<p>Nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c nhau trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 NOMA. M\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p m\u1edbi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t trong nh\u1eb1m x\u1eed l\u00fd t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u nh\u1eadn t\u1ea1i c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1, trong \u0111\u00f3 NOMA cho ph\u00e9p nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng chia s\u1ebb c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t k\u00eanh con, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 t\u00ednh c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, do s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng tr\u1ef1c giao gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng, vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u t\u1ea1i ph\u00eda thu y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt x\u1eed l\u00fd chung ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p.<\/p>\n<div class=\"itemsContainer\">\n<div class=\"image\"><a title=\"C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 5G: N\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u (Ph\u1ea7n 1)\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/tailieu.antoanthongtin.vn\/Files\/files\/site-2\/images\/20241215\/th2.png\" alt=\"C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 5G: N\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u (Ph\u1ea7n 1)\" \/><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><em>H\u00ecnh 2: H\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a NOMA<\/em><\/p>\n<p>C\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng minh r\u1eb1ng NOMA c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nhu c\u1ea7u t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t \u1edf c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1ea1ng trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng 5G. C\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch so s\u00e1nh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n, t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean, t\u00ednh c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng gi\u1eefa ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng, hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn v\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh gh\u00e9p c\u1eb7p ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng. Ngo\u00e0i ra, nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00f2n \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a NOMA khi k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/antoanthongtin.gov.vn\/chinh-tri---xa-hoi\/chu-trong-boi-duong-trinh-do-su-dung-ky-thuat-truyen-thong-110315\">k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng<\/a>\u00a0kh\u00f4ng d\u00e2y kh\u00e1c, bao g\u1ed3m beamforming, MIMO, li\u00ean k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c, m\u00e3 h\u00f3a kh\u00f4ng gian &#8211; th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a m\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n<p>M\u1ed9t m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t nh\u1eb1m c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a NOMA tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng truy\u1ec1n uplink b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3m ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng. Khung l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean t\u00ednh to\u00e1n v\u00e0 giao ti\u1ebfp, ph\u00e2n c\u1ee5m ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i, gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u00ednh to\u00e1n bi\u00ean di \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n<p>K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng cho th\u1ea5y NOMA \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh TDMA truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao. Ngo\u00e0i ra, c\u00e1c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng, th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 khu\u1ebfch \u0111\u1ea1i c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t t\u1ed1i \u01b0u, NOMA c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao trong c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng kh\u00f4ng d\u00e2y 5G t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/p>\n<h4><strong>5G Millimeter Wave<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>T\u1ea7ng s\u00f3ng milimet (mmWave) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u0103ng t\u1ea7n t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 c\u1ef1c cao, c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng kh\u00f4ng d\u00e2y 5G. MmWave s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u0103ng t\u1ea7n t\u1eeb 30 GHz \u0111\u1ebfn 300 GHz cho vi\u1ec7c truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. B\u0103ng t\u1ea7n t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 t\u1eeb 30 GHz \u0111\u1ebfn 300 GHz \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 mmWave v\u00ec c\u00e1c s\u00f3ng n\u00e0y c\u00f3 b\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f3ng t\u1eeb 1 \u0111\u1ebfn 10 mm. Cho \u0111\u1ebfn nay, c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng radar v\u00e0 v\u1ec7 tinh l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 duy nh\u1ea5t s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng mmWave, do \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u0103ng t\u1ea7n c\u00f3 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 r\u1ea5t cao, cung c\u1ea5p kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng d\u00e2y t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ef1c nhanh. Nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/antoanthongtin.gov.vn\/gp-atm\/cai-tien-cua-giao-thuc-xac-thuc-va-thoa-thuan-khoa-trong-mang-di-dong-5g-aka-108282\">m\u1ea1ng di \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/a>\u00a0c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng mmWave \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1m g\u1ed1c.<\/p>\n<p>T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n theo hai c\u00e1ch: (1) t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 t\u1ea7n v\u00e0 (2) m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng ph\u1ed5 t\u1ea7n. Trong hai ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y, vi\u1ec7c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng ph\u1ed5 t\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u01a1\u0323c tri\u00ea\u0309n khai d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n<p>B\u0103ng t\u1ea7n d\u01b0\u1edbi 5 GHz hi\u1ec7n nay \u0111\u00e3 r\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fac v\u00ec nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111ang s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u00f3, v\u00ec v\u1eady \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, m\u1ea1ng kh\u00f4ng d\u00e2y 5G s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 mmWave, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 t\u1ea7n m\u00e0 c\u00f2n m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng ph\u1ed5 t\u1ea7n. \u0110\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u0111a h\u00f3a b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u trong truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng d\u00e2y, t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 mang c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u0103ng l\u00ean 5% v\u00ec b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 thu\u1eadn tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 mang.<\/p>\n<p>B\u0103ng t\u1ea7n t\u1eeb 28 GHz \u0111\u1ebfn 60 GHz r\u1ea5t h\u1eefu \u00edch cho truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng d\u00e2y 5G v\u00ec b\u0103ng t\u1ea7n 28 GHz cung c\u1ea5p b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng ph\u1ed5 t\u1ea7n l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 1 GHz v\u00e0 b\u0103ng t\u1ea7n 60 GHz cung c\u1ea5p b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng ph\u1ed5 t\u1ea7n 2 GHz. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, 4G LTE ch\u1ec9 cung c\u1ea5p t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 mang 2 GHz, cung c\u1ea5p b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng ph\u1ed5 t\u1ea7n ch\u1ec9 100 MHz. Tuy nhi\u00ean, vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng mmWave t\u0103ng g\u1ea5p 10 l\u1ea7n b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng ph\u1ed5 t\u1ea7n, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i cao h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n<div class=\"itemsContainer\">\n<div class=\"image\"><a title=\"C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 5G: N\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u (Ph\u1ea7n 1)\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/tailieu.antoanthongtin.vn\/Files\/files\/site-2\/images\/20241215\/th3.png\" alt=\"C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 5G: N\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u (Ph\u1ea7n 1)\" \/><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><em>H\u00ecnh 3: H\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a Millimeter Wave<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt c\u1ee7a mmWave trong 5G bao g\u1ed3m: (1) MmWave l\u00e0 b\u0103ng t\u1ea7n m\u1edbi \u00edt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, (2) T\u00edn hi\u1ec7u mmWave c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng mang nhi\u1ec1u d\u1eef li\u1ec7u h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi s\u00f3ng t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n v\u00e0 (3) MmWave c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi \u0103ng-ten MIMO, v\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng cung c\u1ea5p dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>(C\u00f2n ti\u1ebfp)<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>https:\/\/antoanthongtin.vn<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1ea1ng 5G \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u1eb7t quan tr\u1ecdng trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c vi\u1ec5n th\u00f4ng v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 Massive MIMO, NOMA, mmWave, IoT v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y. Nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 mang l\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i trong truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng d\u00e2y m\u00e0 c\u00f2n [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":14,"featured_media":45283,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"tdm_status":"","tdm_grid_status":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-45282","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-kien-thuc-an-toan-thong-tin"],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/antoanthongtinhaiphong.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/45282","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/antoanthongtinhaiphong.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/antoanthongtinhaiphong.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/antoanthongtinhaiphong.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/14"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/antoanthongtinhaiphong.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=45282"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/antoanthongtinhaiphong.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/45282\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":45284,"href":"https:\/\/antoanthongtinhaiphong.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/45282\/revisions\/45284"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/antoanthongtinhaiphong.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/45283"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/antoanthongtinhaiphong.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=45282"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/antoanthongtinhaiphong.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=45282"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/antoanthongtinhaiphong.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=45282"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}