{"id":45777,"date":"2025-04-01T09:31:05","date_gmt":"2025-04-01T02:31:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/antoanthongtinhaiphong.gov.vn\/?p=45777"},"modified":"2025-04-21T09:33:08","modified_gmt":"2025-04-21T02:33:08","slug":"gioi-thieu-ve-cac-phuong-phap-kiem-thu-va-hieu-chuan-thiet-bi-cua-tieu-chuan-ky-thuat-an-toan-cong-nghe-thong-tin","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/antoanthongtinhaiphong.gov.vn\/gioi-thieu-ve-cac-phuong-phap-kiem-thu-va-hieu-chuan-thiet-bi-cua-tieu-chuan-ky-thuat-an-toan-cong-nghe-thong-tin\/","title":{"rendered":"Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ee7a ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt an to\u00e0n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"mt-3 excerpt\">B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft s\u1ebd gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u t\u00f3m t\u1eaft n\u1ed9i dung ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ISO\/IEC 20085-2:2020, v\u1edbi chi ti\u1ebft y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng x\u00e2m l\u1ea5n trong m\u00f4-\u0111un m\u1eadt m\u00e3, c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb vui l\u00f2ng tham kh\u1ea3o t\u1ea1i ISO\/IEC 20085-2:2020.<\/p>\n<div id=\"relatedPost\" class=\"mt-3 mb-3\">\n<div class=\"\">\n<ul class=\"ms-2\">\n<li class=\"d-flex\">\n<ul class=\"d-flex flex-column gap-2\">\n<li class=\"title bullet\" title=\"L\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f3 Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n m\u1eadt m\u00e3 d\u00e0nh cho l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c d\u00e2n s\u1ef1\">L\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f3 Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n m\u1eadt m\u00e3 d\u00e0nh cho l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c d\u00e2n s\u1ef1<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"d-flex\">\n<ul class=\"d-flex flex-column gap-2\">\n<li class=\"title bullet\" title=\"Danh m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt m\u1eadt m\u00e3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho m\u00f4-\u0111un an to\u00e0n ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng trong ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ecbnh danh v\u00e0 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed\">Danh m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt m\u1eadt m\u00e3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho m\u00f4-\u0111un an to\u00e0n ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng trong ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ecbnh danh v\u00e0 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"d-flex\">\n<ul class=\"d-flex flex-column gap-2\">\n<li class=\"title bullet\" title=\"Danh m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt m\u1eadt m\u00e3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho m\u00f4-\u0111un an to\u00e0n ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng trong ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ecbnh danh v\u00e0 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed\">Danh m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt m\u1eadt m\u00e3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho m\u00f4-\u0111un an to\u00e0n ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng trong ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ecbnh danh v\u00e0 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<article id=\"content\" class=\"content gradient\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/dulieu.antoanthongtin.gov.vn\/tapchiantoanthongtin\/f81d6f3c-e33d-4b9b-899e-3a29635afdce\/mmds(76).jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>GI\u1edaI THI\u1ec6U<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>C\u00e1c m\u00f4-\u0111un m\u1eadt m\u00e3 cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/antoanthongtin.vn\/mat-ma-dan-su\/giam-10-phi-tham-dinh-cap-giay-phep-kinh-doanh-san-pham-dich-vu-mat-ma-dan-su-106949\">d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 m\u1eadt m\u00e3<\/a>\u00a0v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00e1c tham s\u1ed1 an to\u00e0n quan tr\u1ecdng. C\u00e1c tham s\u1ed1 an to\u00e0n quan tr\u1ecdng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng qua thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf logic, v\u1eadt l\u00fd ho\u1eb7c c\u1ea3 hai. Th\u00f4ng tin nh\u01b0 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c tham s\u1ed1 an to\u00e0n quan tr\u1ecdng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 ra kh\u1ecfi m\u00f4-\u0111un m\u1eadt m\u00e3 trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, n\u1ebfu m\u00f4-\u0111un kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u s\u1ef1 r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 \u0111\u00f3. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u, k\u1ebb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00edch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ghi l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 k\u00eanh k\u1ec1 c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n. S\u1ef1 r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1eadt l\u00fd li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c tham s\u1ed1 an to\u00e0n quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch theo c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00edch xu\u1ea5t th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c tham s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3. Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nh\u01b0 v\u1eady l\u00e0 th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng, trong \u0111\u00f3 n\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 thu th\u1eadp c\u00e1c ph\u00e9p \u0111o r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 k\u00eanh k\u1ec1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu th\u1eadp t\u1ef1 do b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb. L\u01b0u \u00fd r\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch th\u00edch \u1ee9ng. Lo\u1ea1i ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u00e0 khai th\u00e1c n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng x\u00e2m l\u1ea5n. C\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt cho ph\u00e9p tr\u00edch xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 an to\u00e0n quan tr\u1ecdng ra kh\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 kh\u00f4ng x\u00e2m l\u1ea5n n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng v\u00e0o m\u00f4-\u0111un. Ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng x\u00e2m l\u1ea5n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh xem li\u1ec7u s\u1ef1 r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t m\u00f4\u0111un m\u1eadt m\u00e3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khai th\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00edch xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 an to\u00e0n quan tr\u1ecdng hay kh\u00f4ng. M\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng x\u00e2m l\u1ea5n tr\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua n\u1ebfu s\u1ef1 r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 m\u00f4-\u0111un m\u1eadt m\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 \u1edf m\u1ee9c t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 an to\u00e0n quan tr\u1ecdng. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng, n\u00f3 tr\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i kh\u00f4ng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng. B\u00e0i b\u00e1o n\u00e0y t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0111o k\u00eanh k\u1ec1. Quy tr\u00ecnh hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p hai c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng ghi l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c ph\u00e9p \u0111o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u01b0 nhau v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ph\u00e2n t\u00edch k\u00eanh k\u1ec1. Hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a hai k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt:<\/p>\n<p>a) \u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n;<\/p>\n<p>b) Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a m\u00f4-\u0111un m\u1eadt m\u00e3 tham chi\u1ebfu (\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5, s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng) \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea1t ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t.<\/p>\n<p>C\u1ea3 hai kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp trong b\u00e0i b\u00e1o n\u00e0y. Quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng khi hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed m\u00f4-\u0111un m\u1eadt m\u00e3 theo TCVN 11295:2016 (ISO\/IEC 19790:2012) v\u00e0 TCVN 12211:2018 (ISO\/IEC 24759:2017) d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh trong TCVN 12212:2018 (ISO\/IEC 17825:2016) \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c l\u1edbp t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng x\u00e2m l\u1ea5n.<\/p>\n<p><strong>C\u00c1C C\u00d4NG C\u1ee4 KI\u1ec2M TH\u1eec<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>C\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>M\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng x\u00e2m l\u1ea5n trong c\u00e1c m\u00f4-\u0111un m\u1eadt m\u00e3 bao g\u1ed3m thu th\u1eadp th\u00f4ng tin k\u00eanh k\u1ec1 theo c\u00e1ch kh\u00f4ng x\u00e2m l\u1ea5n, x\u1eed l\u00fd l\u1ea1i th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u00f3 (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: l\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u0103n ch\u1ec9nh) v\u00e0 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u00e2n t\u00edch t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh xem m\u00f4-\u0111un \u0111\u00edch c\u00f3 r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 th\u00f4ng tin quan tr\u1ecdng hay kh\u00f4ng. M\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed, ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi ISO\/IEC 20085-1, bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch. M\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed duy nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed c\u00e1c d\u1ea1ng t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ph\u00e2n t\u00edch kh\u00e1c nhau bao g\u1ed3m ph\u00e2n t\u00edch n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan th\u1eddi gian nh\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00eau trong TCVN 12212:2018 (ISO\/IEC 17825:2016). C\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0111o c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea7u d\u00f2 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1eadt l\u00fd c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u00e0nh m\u1ee9c \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p \u1edf m\u1ed9t t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh (ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 kh\u00f4ng tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh), trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng ghi l\u1ea1i m\u1ee9c \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p b\u1eb1ng b\u1ed9 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i A\/D v\u00e0 l\u01b0u gi\u1eef d\u1eef li\u1ec7u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1 v\u00e0o b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb trong v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 thu th\u1eadp x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh. C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t l\u00e0 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1eddi gian thu th\u1eadp. Vi\u1ec7c k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea7u d\u00f2 chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 trong IUT \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p th\u1eddi gian thu th\u1eadp ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c. C\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y t\u00ednh \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c ph\u00e9p t\u00ednh ph\u00e2n t\u00edch.<\/p>\n<p><strong>X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 trong ISO\/IEC 20085-1. M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh xem l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u00f4ng tin b\u1ecb r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 do k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a ph\u00e2n t\u00edch k\u00eanh k\u1ec1 c\u00f3 th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n ho\u1eb7c cao h\u01a1n ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng M nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u01b0 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh trong TCVN 12212:2018 (ISO\/IEC 17825:2016) hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n<p><strong>C\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>C\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng trong ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng x\u00e2m l\u1ea5n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u1eadt l\u00fd c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed. N\u1ebfu hai c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed kh\u00e1c nhau s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u00e0 c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n kh\u00e1c nhau trong c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00ec k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1c nhau. Vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00f9 \u0111\u1eafp cho s\u1ef1 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch n\u00e0y do c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n<p><strong>C\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>C\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch trong ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng x\u00e2m l\u1ea5n ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh x\u1eed l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. Nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0o. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t trong c\u00e1c gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n s\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a t\u00ednh to\u00e1n ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng. Do \u0111\u00f3, hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 bao g\u1ed3m c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh, bao g\u1ed3m c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch.<\/p>\n<p><strong>C\u00c1C PH\u01af\u01a0NG PH\u00c1P HI\u1ec6U CHU\u1ea8N<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0C\u00e1c kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0y th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n. T\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p IUT \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 an to\u00e0n, nh\u01b0ng trong ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf th\u00ec do ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111o. T\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady s\u1ebd g\u00e2y b\u1ea5t l\u1ee3i trong vi\u1ec7c tin t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0o c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng x\u00e2m l\u1ea5n. Hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n m\u1eadt m\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u00e0 IUT, c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 (n\u1ebfu c\u00f3), thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3, cung c\u1ea5p kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng so s\u00e1nh v\u00e0 truy xu\u1ea5t ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c l\u1eabn nhau. M\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed kh\u00f4ng x\u00e2m l\u1ea5n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 nh\u01b0 sau: H\u1eb1ng s\u1ed1 M l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u1ec1 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e9p \u0111o \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00edch xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c tham s\u1ed1 an to\u00e0n quan tr\u1ecdng (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: kh\u00f3a b\u00ed m\u1eadt), theo TCVN 12212:2018 (ISO\/IEC 17825:2016), v\u00e0 m l\u00e0 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1ea5u v\u1ebft c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00edch xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c tham s\u1ed1 an to\u00e0n quan tr\u1ecdng trong IUT.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 quy tr\u00ecnh hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c chung v\u1ec1 quy tr\u00ecnh hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p>Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng x\u00e2m l\u1ea5n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh trong m\u1ee5c n\u00e0y l\u00e0 cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed kh\u00f4ng x\u00e2m l\u1ea5n kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mua t\u1eeb c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed s\u1ebd gi\u1ed1ng nhau. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng hai y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1: c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau IUT, c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ho\u1eb7c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5, s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng. M\u1ed9t m\u00f4\u0111un (thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111ang ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed) \u0111\u1ea1t ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed b\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n theo m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5, s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng. N\u1ebfu nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5, s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, ch\u00fang s\u1ebd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng gi\u1ed1ng nhau. M\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5, s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u m\u1ed9t m\u1ee9c nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng x\u00e2m l\u1ea5n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a ri\u00eang h\u1ecd v\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u ch\u1ec9nh c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5, s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>\u0110\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p>M\u1ed7i b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed ph\u1ea3i cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c th\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u quy \u0111\u1ecbnh trong t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y. Nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c n\u00e0y c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t s\u1eb5n; v\u00ed d\u1ee5: nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 l\u1ea5y m\u1eabu ho\u1eb7c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh trong b\u1ed9 k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec5u (S\/N) theo c\u00e1ch t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 nhi\u1ec5u b\u1ed5 sung trong m\u1ea1ch \u0111o. \u0110\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 l\u1ea5y m\u1eabu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 IUT c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn S\/N t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 so v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 l\u1ea5y m\u1eabu kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 [1]. \u0110\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 l\u1ea5y m\u1eabu kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i xem x\u00e9t c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t n\u1ebfu c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5, s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb l\u1ea5y m\u1eabu \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 h\u00f3a, nh\u01b0ng IUT th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng. M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi:<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; M\u1ee9c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed h\u00f3a (s\u1ed1 bit m\u00e0 b\u1ed9 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i A\/D xu\u1ea5t ra);<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; T\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 l\u1ea5y m\u1eabu (t\u1ea7n su\u1ea5t thu th\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u) v\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 l\u1ea5y m\u1eabu (\u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 IUT ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9);<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; D\u1ea3i t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1. M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi:<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Sai s\u1ed1 v\u1ec1 m\u1ee9c \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p (bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 h\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1eeb d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n);<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Sai s\u1ed1 v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi gian;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a S\/N.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>C\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p>C\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1eadt l\u00fd (th\u1eddi gian, n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb, v.v.) th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p). N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng b\u1edfi \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u: l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e0 n\u00f3 c\u00f3 \u00edt bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng, b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng cao v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 nhi\u1ec5u th\u1ea5p (t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 n\u00f3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m S\/N theo m\u1ed9t t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 nh\u1ecf).<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p>Vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng x\u00e2m l\u1ea5n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed xem c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 n\u00e0y c\u00f3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed trong IUT m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u1edf m\u1ee9c an to\u00e0n nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh trong TCVN 12212:2018 (ISO\/IEC 17825:2016) hay kh\u00f4ng. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea7n \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 b\u00ean trong c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed. Hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hai m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau.<\/p>\n<p>M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau 1: Ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh xem:<\/p>\n<p>a) IUT \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ea1t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u, s\u1ebd th\u00f4ng qua;<\/p>\n<p>b) IUT \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t, s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t.<\/p>\n<p>M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau 2: Kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00e1c ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed, so s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed kh\u00e1c nhau:<\/p>\n<p>Quy tr\u00ecnh hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n ph\u1ea3i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5, s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft c\u00f3 h\u00e0nh vi v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/antoanthongtin.vn\/gp-mat-ma\/ve-mot-phuong-phap-tan-cong-kenh-ke-len-ma-khoi-kalyna-109549\">ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng<\/a>\u00a0c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc. C\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh theo quy tr\u00ecnh hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed trong ph\u1ea1m vi x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1ec1 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5, s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau. Do \u0111\u00f3, m\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n duy nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn hai m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u kh\u00e1c nhau c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p cho m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5, s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng duy nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u thay \u0111\u1ed5i ho\u1eb7c hai c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5, s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng kh\u00e1c nhau v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u1ea3m nh\u1eb9 kh\u00e1c nhau x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u1ea1m vi ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Quy tr\u00ecnh hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u chung<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p>C\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5, s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft, \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh. Vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n theo c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh trong TCVN 12212:2018 (ISO\/IEC 17825:2016) v\u00e0 ISO\/IEC 20085-1 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5, s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng \u0111\u00e3 cho d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng IUT. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u1ebfu c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft, \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ch\u1ec9 ra k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5, s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng.<\/p>\n<p>Quy tr\u00ecnh hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n ph\u1ea3i l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed hai l\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh trong ISO\/IEC 20085-1 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c an to\u00e0n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean ph\u1ea3i l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c thao t\u00e1c m\u1eadt m\u00e3 khi c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed ph\u1ea3i thu th\u1eadp th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh xem c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5, s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ea1t hay kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t. Ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 hai ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed cao h\u01a1n ho\u1eb7c th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n v\u00e0 cho bi\u1ebft k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1. N\u1ebfu c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed cho th\u1ea5y ti\u00eau ch\u00ed x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n (c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng ch\u1ec9 ra \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ea1t ho\u1eb7c b\u1ecf qua s\u1ef1 r\u00f2 r\u1ec9) so v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng quy \u0111\u1ecbnh, th\u00ec quy tr\u00ecnh hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed s\u1ebd k\u1ebft th\u00fac cho th\u1ea5y hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t. N\u1ebfu k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh cao h\u01a1n (c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng cho th\u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t), c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh cho ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra trong Thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n 1 b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi. G\u1ecdi M l\u00e0 s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng theo d\u00f5i m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng theo TCVN 12212:2018 (ISO\/IEC 17825:2016), \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 M = 10 000 (M\u1ee9c an to\u00e0n 3) ho\u1eb7c M = 100 000 (M\u1ee9c an to\u00e0n 4).<\/p>\n<p>Thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n 1: Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n. 1. Input: C\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed 2. Output: Ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn ho\u1eb7c T\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i 3. { 4. M\u1ee9c an to\u00e0n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u0103ng d\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng; 5. L\u1ea5y s\u1ed1 v\u1ebft m0 \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n r\u00f2 r\u1ec9; 6. M\u1ee9c an to\u00e0n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3m d\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng; 7. L\u1ea5y s\u1ed1 d\u1ea5u v\u1ebft m1 \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c b\u00ed m\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c che gi\u1ea5u b\u1edfi c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5, s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng; 8. if m0 &lt; M and m1 &gt; M: 9. return accept; 10. else 11. return reject; 12. } Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u201cch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn\u201d tr\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 cho bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed kh\u00f4ng x\u00e2m l\u1ea5n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n, ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, trong khi gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u201ct\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i\u201d tr\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 cho bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed kh\u00f4ng x\u00e2m l\u1ea5n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n. Vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c minh h\u1ecda theo lu\u1ed3ng trong Thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n 1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed kh\u00f4ng x\u00e2m l\u1ea5n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>\u0110i\u1ec3m \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p>N\u1ebfu s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u d\u00f2, d\u00f9 l\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111i\u1ec7n hay \u0111\u1ea7u d\u00f2 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb, ch\u00fang ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0o c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh trong IUT nh\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 trong TCVN 12212:2018 (ISO\/IEC 17825:2016) v\u00e0 ISO\/IEC 20085-1.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>\u0110i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p>C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u0111a h\u00f3a S\/N c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e9p \u0111o.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p>C\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n cho c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n m\u1eadt m\u00e3 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh trong Ph\u1ee5 l\u1ee5c A. C\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng b\u1eadc nh\u1ea5t (tr\u00e1i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng m\u1ee9c cao, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u00f4 th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn). Th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng trong ph\u00e9p \u0111o l\u00e0 S\/N c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5, s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/p>\n<p><strong>C\u00d4NG C\u1ee4, S\u1ea2N PH\u1ea8M M\u00d4 PH\u1eceNG<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u chung<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>C\u00f4ng c\u1ee5, s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed kh\u00f4ng x\u00e2m l\u1ea5n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u00f4-\u0111un m\u1eadt m\u00e3 \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng x\u00e2m l\u1ea5n kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mong mu\u1ed1n. Do nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 trong m\u1ee5c 3.2.4, c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5, s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau trong ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed kh\u00f4ng x\u00e2m l\u1ea5n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch k\u00eanh k\u1ec1<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>C\u00f4ng c\u1ee5, s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c thao t\u00e1c m\u1eadt m\u00e3 l\u1eb7p \u0111i l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i khi c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft nh\u01b0 b\u1ea3n m\u00e3 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p cho ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng k\u00eanh k\u1ec1 kh\u00f4ng x\u00e2m l\u1ea5n c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan. T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1eadt l\u00fd c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o.<\/p>\n<p><strong>K\u1ebeT LU\u1eacN<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>ISO\/IEC 20085-2:2020 \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/antoanthongtin.vn\/hoat-dong-su-kien-nganh-co-yeu\/ky-niem-20-nam-thanh-lap-cuc-quan-ly-mat-ma-dan-su-va-kiem-dinh-san-pham-mat-ma-110548\">C\u1ee5c Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd m\u1eadt m\u00e3 d\u00e2n s\u1ef1 v\u00e0 Ki\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m m\u1eadt m\u00e3<\/a>\u00a0bi\u00ean so\u1ea1n, Ban C\u01a1 y\u1ebfu Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb, \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb U\u1ef7 ban Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0110o l\u01b0\u1eddng Ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ecbnh, B\u1ed9 Khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u t\u1ed5ng quan n\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee7a ISO\/IEC 20085-2:2020, quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng x\u00e2m l\u1ea5n trong m\u00f4-\u0111un m\u1eadt m\u00e3, c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb. \u0110\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft th\u00eam chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh, vui l\u00f2ng tham kh\u1ea3o chi ti\u1ebft t\u1ea1i ISO\/IEC 20085-2:2020.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">H\u1ed3 V\u0103n H\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u00a0<span class=\"author-title\">(C\u1ee5c tr\u01b0\u1edfng C\u1ee5c Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd M\u1eadt m\u00e3 d\u00e2n s\u1ef1 v\u00e0 Ki\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m m\u1eadt m\u00e3)<\/span><\/p>\n<\/article>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft s\u1ebd gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u t\u00f3m t\u1eaft n\u1ed9i dung ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ISO\/IEC 20085-2:2020, v\u1edbi chi ti\u1ebft y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng x\u00e2m l\u1ea5n trong m\u00f4-\u0111un m\u1eadt m\u00e3, c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":20,"featured_media":45778,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"tdm_status":"","tdm_grid_status":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[185,35],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-45777","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-thu-thuat-tien-ich","category-tin-tuc-su-kien"],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/antoanthongtinhaiphong.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/45777","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/antoanthongtinhaiphong.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/antoanthongtinhaiphong.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/antoanthongtinhaiphong.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/20"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/antoanthongtinhaiphong.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=45777"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/antoanthongtinhaiphong.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/45777\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":45779,"href":"https:\/\/antoanthongtinhaiphong.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/45777\/revisions\/45779"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/antoanthongtinhaiphong.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/45778"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/antoanthongtinhaiphong.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=45777"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/antoanthongtinhaiphong.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=45777"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/antoanthongtinhaiphong.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=45777"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}