{"id":15459,"date":"2025-08-19T02:15:10","date_gmt":"2025-08-19T02:15:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nafosted.gov.vn\/?p=15459"},"modified":"2025-08-27T10:34:11","modified_gmt":"2025-08-27T10:34:11","slug":"hieu-ung-kondo-dien-tich-va-dong-gop-noi-bat-cua-nha-khoa-hoc-viet-nam","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nafosted.gov.vn\/hieu-ung-kondo-dien-tich-va-dong-gop-noi-bat-cua-nha-khoa-hoc-viet-nam\/","title":{"rendered":"Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng Kondo \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc Vi\u1ec7t Nam"},"content":{"rendered":"

Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng Kondo l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1eadt l\u00fd \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quan s\u00e1t trong c\u00e1c kim lo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 pha t\u1ea1p c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eed mang t\u1eeb t\u00ednh. Kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5y \u1edf kim lo\u1ea1i nguy\u00ean ch\u1ea5t \u2013 n\u01a1i \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf su\u1ea5t gi\u1ea3m khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u1ea3m \u2013 trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 c\u00f3 t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t t\u1eeb, \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf su\u1ea5t l\u1ea1i t\u0103ng khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ea1 th\u1ea5p. Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y l\u00e0 do t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c t\u1eeb gi\u1eefa spin c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed d\u1eabn v\u00e0 spin c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u00e2m t\u1ea1p. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n trong th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1934, ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1964, nh\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nh\u1eadt Jun Kondo m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0a ra l\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c cho hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u00ean, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng mang t\u00ean \u00f4ng.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd l\u00e0 c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng Kondo th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra ngay c\u1ea3 khi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1eadc t\u1ef1 do t\u1eeb t\u00ednh. Ch\u00fang xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 khi n\u00e0o t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 suy bi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t th\u1ec3 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c. M\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng Kondo \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch<\/strong>, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i suy bi\u1ebfn li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch \u2013 thay v\u00ec spin \u2013 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 trung t\u00e2m. M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng h\u1ec7 v\u1eadt l\u00fd ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ec3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed: nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ea3o kim lo\u1ea1i c\u1ef1c nh\u1ecf, n\u01a1i c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed b\u1ecb giam gi\u1eef trong c\u1ea3 ba chi\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng gian, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed h\u00f3a c\u00e1c m\u1ee9c n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n

Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng Kondo \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t trong c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft b\u1edfi Flensberg, Matveev v\u00e0 Furusaki trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 1993\u20131995. T\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam, nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c TS. Nguy\u1ec5n Th\u1ecb Kim Thanh, Vi\u1ec7n V\u1eadt l\u00fd \u2013 Vi\u1ec7n H\u00e0n l\u00e2m Khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Vi\u1ec7t Nam, nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u trong khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u1edbi GS. Mikhail Kiselev, Trung t\u00e2m V\u1eadt l\u00fd L\u00fd thuy\u1ebft Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf Abdus Salam.<\/p>\n

B\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u1eb7t th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m quan tr\u1ecdng x\u1ea3y ra v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2015, khi nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a GS. Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric Pierre t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Paris-Saclay th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp c\u00e1c th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng Kondo \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch. Th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 c\u01a1 s\u1edf l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft m\u00e0 c\u00f2n m\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cho vi\u1ec7c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n nh\u01b0 hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng Kondo \u0111a k\u00eanh, n\u01a1i m\u1ed9t b\u1eadc t\u1ef1 do l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed h\u00f3a (spin ho\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u00ean k\u1ebft \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp.<\/p>\n

N\u0103m 2017, t\u1ea1i H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf \u201cV\u1eadt l\u00fd nano: t\u1eeb c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ebfn \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u2013 S\u1ef1 tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i\u201d t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c t\u1ea1i Quy Nh\u01a1n, Vi\u1ec7t Nam, TS. Nguy\u1ec5n Th\u1ecb Kim Thanh \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1 v\u00e0 trao \u0111\u1ed5i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi GS. Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric Pierre, ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng Kondo \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch ba k\u00eanh \u2013 m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p cao trong v\u1eadt l\u00fd ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn. Khi \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft cho tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p hai k\u00eanh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1, v\u00e0 TS. Kim Thanh \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e0y t\u1ecf s\u1ef1 quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft cho tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ba k\u00eanh.<\/p>\n

S\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 h\u00f3a qua c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh khoa h\u1ecdc mang t\u00ean \u201cTruy\u1ec1n d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n trong m\u1ea1ch Kondo \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch ba k\u00eanh\u201d<\/strong>, \u0111\u0103ng tr\u00ean t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Physical Review Letters<\/em> (S\u1ed1 125, trang 026801, n\u0103m 2020). B\u00e0i b\u00e1o l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n trong \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u201cTruy\u1ec1n d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed kh\u00f4ng c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng qua c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 ch\u1ea5m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed trong ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 Kondo\u201d (m\u00e3 s\u1ed1 103.01-2020.05) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Qu\u1ef9 Nafosted t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n l\u00e0m s\u00e2u s\u1eafc th\u00eam hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 truy\u1ec1n d\u1eabn l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed v\u00e0 c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan m\u1ea1nh trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 nano.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n

H\u00ecnh 1<\/strong>. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 m\u1ea1ch Kondo \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch ba k\u00eanh trong c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh \u201cTruy\u1ec1n d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n trong m\u1ea1ch Kondo \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch ba k\u00eanh\u201d, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u0103ng tr\u00ean t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Physical Review Letter n\u0103m 2020 (<\/em>Physical Review Letters 125<\/strong>, 026801 (2020)<\/em><\/a>). <\/em><\/p>\n

H\u00ecnh minh h\u1ecda \u0111i k\u00e8m m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 quan s\u00e1t hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng Kondo \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t b\u00f3ng b\u00e1n d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed \u0111\u01a1n. Trong \u0111\u00f3, m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed kim lo\u1ea1i l\u1edbn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u00ean k\u1ebft m\u1ea1nh v\u1edbi ba \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c th\u00f4ng qua ba ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed \u0111\u01a1n mode, g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 truy\u1ec1n d\u1eabn ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n. C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cm\u00e1ng\u201d.<\/p>\n

S\u1ef1 suy bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch trong ch\u1ea5m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 spin gi\u1ea3: c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed \u0111i v\u00e0o ch\u1ea5m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi \u201cgi\u1ea3 spin h\u01b0\u1edbng l\u00ean\u201d, trong khi c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed \u0111i ra t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi \u201cgi\u1ea3 spin h\u01b0\u1edbng xu\u1ed1ng\u201d. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ea3o chi\u1ec1u gi\u1ea3 spin n\u00e0y x\u1ea3y ra t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed, \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 nh\u01b0 \u0111i\u1ec3m giao ti\u1ebfp gi\u1eefa ch\u1ea5m v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c. S\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed trong thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp n\u00e0y t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 k\u00eanh Kondo \u2013 m\u1ed9t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u1eadt l\u00fd c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7.<\/p>\n

Trong lo\u1ea1t th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m do nh\u00f3m c\u1ee7a GS. Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric Pierre th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n, d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n bi\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra trong ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 Hall l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed nguy\u00ean \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea1o. H\u1ec7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c duy tr\u00ec trong tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 trong v\u00f9ng m\u00e1ng, trong khi m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c b\u1ed5 sung \u2013 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n \u2013 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u00ean k\u1ebft y\u1ebfu v\u1edbi ch\u1ea5m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c duy tr\u00ec \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao h\u01a1n. S\u1ef1 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ea1i li\u00ean k\u1ebft y\u1ebfu n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng truy\u1ec1n d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed. T\u1ea1i li\u00ean k\u1ebft y\u1ebfu, \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 “chui ng\u1ea7m” v\u00e0o ho\u1eb7c ra kh\u1ecfi ch\u1ea5m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed, \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed thu\u1ed9c d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n bi\u00ean b\u1ecb t\u00e1n x\u1ea1: ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn truy\u1ec1n qua (\u0111\u01b0\u1eddng li\u1ec1n n\u00e9t trong h\u00ecnh v\u1ebd), c\u00f2n m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n nh\u1ecf ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c (\u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ee9t n\u00e9t).<\/p>\n

C\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 khoa h\u1ecdc li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ec7 Kondo \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch ba k\u00eanh n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 quan tr\u1ecdng:<\/p>\n

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  1. L\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft cho hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng Kondo \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch ba k\u00eanh, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh cho tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 k\u00eanh \u2265 3.<\/li>\n
  2. Th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 Kondo \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch \u0111a k\u00eanh, v\u1edbi c\u00e1c bi\u1ec3u th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c theo nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n r\u00f5 \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng kh\u00f4ng Fermi. T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y li\u00ean h\u1ec7 ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng Z\u2098 c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 \u2013 m\u1ed9t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng trong l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed.<\/li>\n
  3. Ti\u00ean \u0111o\u00e1n mang t\u00ednh ph\u1ed5 qu\u00e1t v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n trong c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ch Kondo \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch ba k\u00eanh (v\u00e0 t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t cho m\u1ecdi k\u00eanh). C\u00e1c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 sau n\u00e0y, bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1edbi t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c ho\u1eb7c trong ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 Hall l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed ph\u00e2n s\u1ed1, \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi ti\u00ean \u0111o\u00e1n n\u00e0y.<\/li>\n
  4. D\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n pha t\u1eeb h\u1ec7 ba k\u00eanh sang hai k\u00eanh v\u00e0 \u0111\u01a1n k\u00eanh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh c\u00e1c tham s\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ch \u2013 m\u1ed9t h\u01b0\u1edbng ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng trong \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed.<\/li>\n
  5. M\u1edf ra tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t parafermion \u2013 c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t gi\u1ea3 tu\u00e2n theo \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 Z\u2098 \u2013 h\u1ea1t Majorana l\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi m = 2, nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 \u1ee9ng vi\u00ean h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u cho n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed topo.<\/li>\n
  6. \u0110\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m m\u1edbi nh\u1eb1m l\u00e0m s\u00e1ng t\u1ecf qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed h\u00f3a v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n \u0111o\u1ea1n nhi\u1ec7t trong h\u1ec7, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 truy\u1ec1n d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed.<\/li>\n
  7. T\u1ea1o c\u01a1 s\u1edf l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft m\u1edbi v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p gi\u1ea3i t\u00edch v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 trong truy\u1ec1n d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed \u2013 m\u1ed9t h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh trong v\u1eadt l\u00fd nano.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \u00dd ngh\u0129a v\u00e0 tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng<\/em>: \u0110i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 Kondo \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch n\u1eb1m \u1edf kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed hai tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ra\/v\u00e0o c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n gi\u1ea3 spin. C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p khai th\u00e1c s\u1ef1 v\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00edu l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed \u2013 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng trong nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed. V\u00ec v\u1eady, m\u1ea1ch Kondo \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed, cung c\u1ea5p c\u01a1 s\u1edf l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u s\u00e2u h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean l\u00fd v\u1eadt l\u00fd \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

    C\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng trong v\u1eadt l\u00fd l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n m\u1edf ra nh\u1eefng tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed. N\u00f3 l\u00e0 minh ch\u1ee9ng r\u00f5 n\u00e9t cho t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a khoa h\u1ecdc c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi khoa h\u1ecdc \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi ghi nh\u1eadn nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc Vi\u1ec7t Nam trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c v\u1eadt l\u00fd hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng B\u1ed9 Khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7<\/em> \u0111\u00e3 trao<\/em> t\u1eb7ng Gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng T\u1ea1 Quang B\u1eedu n\u0103m 2024<\/em> (Gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u00ednh)<\/em> cho <\/em>TS. Nguy\u1ec5n Th\u1ecb Kim Thanh, Vi\u1ec7n V\u1eadt l\u00fd – Vi\u1ec7n H\u00e0n l\u00e2m Khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/em>, l\u00e0 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh khoa h\u1ecdc xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc <\/em>T.\u2009K.\u2009T. Nguyen and M.\u2009N. Kiselev, 2020. Thermoelectric Transport in a Three-Channel Charge Kondo Circuit. Physical Review Letters, 125, 026801<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

    Ngu\u1ed3n: Ph\u00f2ng Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng Kondo l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1eadt l\u00fd \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quan s\u00e1t trong c\u00e1c kim lo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 pha t\u1ea1p c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eed mang t\u1eeb t\u00ednh. Kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5y \u1edf kim lo\u1ea1i nguy\u00ean ch\u1ea5t \u2013 n\u01a1i \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf su\u1ea5t gi\u1ea3m khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u1ea3m \u2013 trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 c\u00f3 t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t t\u1eeb, \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf su\u1ea5t l\u1ea1i t\u0103ng khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ea1 th\u1ea5p. Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y l\u00e0 do t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c t\u1eeb gi\u1eefa spin c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed d\u1eabn v\u00e0 spin c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u00e2m t\u1ea1p. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n trong th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1934, ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1964, nh\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nh\u1eadt Jun Kondo m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0a ra l\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c cho hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u00ean, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng mang t\u00ean \u00f4ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd l\u00e0 c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng Kondo th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra ngay c\u1ea3 khi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1eadc t\u1ef1 do t\u1eeb t\u00ednh. Ch\u00fang xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 khi n\u00e0o t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 suy bi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t th\u1ec3 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c. M\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng Kondo \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i suy bi\u1ebfn li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch \u2013 thay v\u00ec spin \u2013 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 trung t\u00e2m. M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng h\u1ec7 v\u1eadt l\u00fd ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ec3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed: nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ea3o kim lo\u1ea1i c\u1ef1c nh\u1ecf, n\u01a1i c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed b\u1ecb giam gi\u1eef trong c\u1ea3 ba chi\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng gian, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed h\u00f3a c\u00e1c m\u1ee9c n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng Kondo \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t trong c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft b\u1edfi Flensberg, Matveev v\u00e0 Furusaki trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 1993\u20131995. T\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam, nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c TS. Nguy\u1ec5n Th\u1ecb Kim Thanh, Vi\u1ec7n V\u1eadt l\u00fd \u2013 Vi\u1ec7n H\u00e0n l\u00e2m Khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Vi\u1ec7t Nam, nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u trong khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u1edbi GS. Mikhail Kiselev, Trung t\u00e2m V\u1eadt l\u00fd L\u00fd thuy\u1ebft Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf Abdus Salam. B\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u1eb7t th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m quan tr\u1ecdng x\u1ea3y ra v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2015, khi nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a GS. Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric Pierre t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Paris-Saclay th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp c\u00e1c th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng Kondo \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch. Th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 c\u01a1 s\u1edf l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft m\u00e0 c\u00f2n m\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cho vi\u1ec7c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n nh\u01b0 hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng Kondo \u0111a k\u00eanh, n\u01a1i m\u1ed9t b\u1eadc t\u1ef1 do l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed h\u00f3a (spin ho\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u00ean k\u1ebft \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp. N\u0103m 2017, t\u1ea1i H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf \u201cV\u1eadt l\u00fd nano: t\u1eeb c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ebfn \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u2013 S\u1ef1 tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i\u201d t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c t\u1ea1i Quy Nh\u01a1n, Vi\u1ec7t Nam, TS. Nguy\u1ec5n Th\u1ecb Kim Thanh \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1 v\u00e0 trao \u0111\u1ed5i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi GS. Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric Pierre, ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng Kondo \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch ba k\u00eanh \u2013 m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p cao trong v\u1eadt l\u00fd ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn. Khi \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft cho tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p hai k\u00eanh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1, v\u00e0 TS. Kim Thanh \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e0y t\u1ecf s\u1ef1 quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft cho tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ba k\u00eanh. S\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 h\u00f3a qua c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh khoa h\u1ecdc mang t\u00ean \u201cTruy\u1ec1n d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n trong m\u1ea1ch Kondo \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch ba k\u00eanh\u201d, \u0111\u0103ng tr\u00ean t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Physical Review Letters (S\u1ed1 125, trang 026801, n\u0103m 2020). B\u00e0i b\u00e1o l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n trong \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u201cTruy\u1ec1n d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed kh\u00f4ng c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng qua c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 ch\u1ea5m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed trong ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 Kondo\u201d (m\u00e3 s\u1ed1 103.01-2020.05) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Qu\u1ef9 Nafosted t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n l\u00e0m s\u00e2u s\u1eafc th\u00eam hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 truy\u1ec1n d\u1eabn l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed v\u00e0 c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan m\u1ea1nh trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 nano. H\u00ecnh 1. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 m\u1ea1ch Kondo \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch ba k\u00eanh trong c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh \u201cTruy\u1ec1n d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n trong m\u1ea1ch Kondo \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch ba k\u00eanh\u201d, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u0103ng tr\u00ean t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Physical Review Letter n\u0103m 2020 (Physical Review Letters 125, 026801 (2020)). H\u00ecnh minh h\u1ecda \u0111i k\u00e8m m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 quan s\u00e1t hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng Kondo \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t b\u00f3ng b\u00e1n d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed \u0111\u01a1n. Trong \u0111\u00f3, m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed kim lo\u1ea1i l\u1edbn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u00ean k\u1ebft m\u1ea1nh v\u1edbi ba \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c th\u00f4ng qua ba ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed \u0111\u01a1n mode, g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 truy\u1ec1n d\u1eabn ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n. C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cm\u00e1ng\u201d. S\u1ef1 suy bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch trong ch\u1ea5m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 spin gi\u1ea3: c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed \u0111i v\u00e0o ch\u1ea5m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi \u201cgi\u1ea3 spin h\u01b0\u1edbng l\u00ean\u201d, trong khi c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed \u0111i ra t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi \u201cgi\u1ea3 spin h\u01b0\u1edbng xu\u1ed1ng\u201d. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ea3o chi\u1ec1u gi\u1ea3 spin n\u00e0y x\u1ea3y ra t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed, \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 nh\u01b0 \u0111i\u1ec3m giao ti\u1ebfp gi\u1eefa ch\u1ea5m v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c. S\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed trong thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp n\u00e0y t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 k\u00eanh Kondo \u2013 m\u1ed9t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u1eadt l\u00fd c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7. Trong lo\u1ea1t th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m do nh\u00f3m c\u1ee7a GS. Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric Pierre th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n, d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n bi\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra trong ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 Hall l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed nguy\u00ean \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea1o. H\u1ec7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c duy tr\u00ec trong tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 trong v\u00f9ng m\u00e1ng, trong khi m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c b\u1ed5 sung \u2013 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n \u2013 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u00ean k\u1ebft y\u1ebfu v\u1edbi ch\u1ea5m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c duy tr\u00ec \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao h\u01a1n. S\u1ef1 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ea1i li\u00ean k\u1ebft y\u1ebfu n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng truy\u1ec1n d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed. T\u1ea1i li\u00ean k\u1ebft y\u1ebfu, \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 “chui ng\u1ea7m” v\u00e0o ho\u1eb7c ra kh\u1ecfi ch\u1ea5m<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":15460,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_eb_attr":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[45,52],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-15459","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ket-qua-tai-tro-noi-bat","category-ket-qua-tai-tro-noi-bat-nccb-khtn"],"magazineBlocksPostFeaturedMedia":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/nafosted.gov.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/anh-1-278x190.gif","medium":"https:\/\/nafosted.gov.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/anh-1-475x380.gif","medium_large":"https:\/\/nafosted.gov.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/anh-1.gif","large":"https:\/\/nafosted.gov.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/anh-1.gif","1536x1536":"https:\/\/nafosted.gov.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/anh-1.gif","2048x2048":"https:\/\/nafosted.gov.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/anh-1.gif","cvmm-medium":"https:\/\/nafosted.gov.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/anh-1-300x300.gif","cvmm-medium-plus":"https:\/\/nafosted.gov.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/anh-1-305x207.gif","cvmm-portrait":"https:\/\/nafosted.gov.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/anh-1-400x480.gif","cvmm-medium-square":"https:\/\/nafosted.gov.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/anh-1.gif","cvmm-large":"https:\/\/nafosted.gov.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/anh-1.gif","cvmm-small":"https:\/\/nafosted.gov.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/anh-1-130x95.gif","400x250-crop":"https:\/\/nafosted.gov.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/anh-1-400x250.gif","htmagazine_grid":"https:\/\/nafosted.gov.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/anh-1-600x218.gif"},"magazineBlocksPostAuthor":{"name":"admin","avatar":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/01be2b7eaa21fe4e25b709d19349c0fb?s=96&d=mm&r=g"},"magazineBlocksPostCommentsNumber":"0","magazineBlocksPostExcerpt":"Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng Kondo l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1eadt l\u00fd \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quan s\u00e1t trong c\u00e1c kim lo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 pha t\u1ea1p c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eed mang t\u1eeb t\u00ednh. Kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5y \u1edf kim lo\u1ea1i nguy\u00ean ch\u1ea5t \u2013 n\u01a1i \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf su\u1ea5t gi\u1ea3m khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u1ea3m \u2013 trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 c\u00f3 t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t t\u1eeb, \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf su\u1ea5t l\u1ea1i t\u0103ng khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ea1 th\u1ea5p. Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y l\u00e0 do t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c t\u1eeb gi\u1eefa spin c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed d\u1eabn v\u00e0 spin c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u00e2m t\u1ea1p. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n trong th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1934, ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1964, nh\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nh\u1eadt Jun Kondo m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0a ra l\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c cho hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u00ean, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng mang t\u00ean \u00f4ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd l\u00e0 c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng Kondo th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra ngay c\u1ea3 khi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1eadc t\u1ef1 do t\u1eeb t\u00ednh. Ch\u00fang xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 khi n\u00e0o t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 suy bi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t th\u1ec3 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c. M\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng Kondo \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i suy bi\u1ebfn li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch \u2013 thay v\u00ec spin \u2013 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 trung t\u00e2m. M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng h\u1ec7 v\u1eadt l\u00fd ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ec3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed: nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ea3o kim lo\u1ea1i c\u1ef1c nh\u1ecf, n\u01a1i c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed b\u1ecb giam gi\u1eef trong c\u1ea3 ba chi\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng gian, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed h\u00f3a c\u00e1c m\u1ee9c n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng Kondo \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t trong c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft b\u1edfi Flensberg, Matveev v\u00e0 Furusaki trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 1993\u20131995. T\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam, nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c TS. Nguy\u1ec5n Th\u1ecb Kim Thanh, Vi\u1ec7n V\u1eadt l\u00fd \u2013 Vi\u1ec7n H\u00e0n l\u00e2m Khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Vi\u1ec7t Nam, nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u trong khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u1edbi GS. Mikhail Kiselev, Trung t\u00e2m V\u1eadt l\u00fd L\u00fd thuy\u1ebft Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf Abdus Salam. B\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u1eb7t th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m quan tr\u1ecdng x\u1ea3y ra v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2015, khi nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a GS. Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric Pierre t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Paris-Saclay th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp c\u00e1c th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng Kondo \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch. Th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 c\u01a1 s\u1edf l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft m\u00e0 c\u00f2n m\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cho vi\u1ec7c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n nh\u01b0 hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng Kondo \u0111a k\u00eanh, n\u01a1i m\u1ed9t b\u1eadc t\u1ef1 do l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed h\u00f3a (spin ho\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u00ean k\u1ebft \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp. N\u0103m 2017, t\u1ea1i H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf \u201cV\u1eadt l\u00fd nano: t\u1eeb c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ebfn \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u2013 S\u1ef1 tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i\u201d t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c t\u1ea1i Quy Nh\u01a1n, Vi\u1ec7t Nam, TS. Nguy\u1ec5n Th\u1ecb Kim Thanh \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1 v\u00e0 trao \u0111\u1ed5i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi GS. Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric Pierre, ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng Kondo \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch ba k\u00eanh \u2013 m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p cao trong v\u1eadt l\u00fd ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn. Khi \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft cho tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p hai k\u00eanh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1, v\u00e0 TS. Kim Thanh \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e0y t\u1ecf s\u1ef1 quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft cho tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ba k\u00eanh. S\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 h\u00f3a qua c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh khoa h\u1ecdc mang t\u00ean \u201cTruy\u1ec1n d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n trong m\u1ea1ch Kondo \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch ba k\u00eanh\u201d, \u0111\u0103ng tr\u00ean t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Physical Review Letters (S\u1ed1 125, trang 026801, n\u0103m 2020). B\u00e0i b\u00e1o l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n trong \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u201cTruy\u1ec1n d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed kh\u00f4ng c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng qua c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 ch\u1ea5m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed trong ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 Kondo\u201d (m\u00e3 s\u1ed1 103.01-2020.05) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Qu\u1ef9 Nafosted t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n l\u00e0m s\u00e2u s\u1eafc th\u00eam hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 truy\u1ec1n d\u1eabn l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed v\u00e0 c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan m\u1ea1nh trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 nano. H\u00ecnh 1. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 m\u1ea1ch Kondo \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch ba k\u00eanh trong c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh \u201cTruy\u1ec1n d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n trong m\u1ea1ch Kondo \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch ba k\u00eanh\u201d, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u0103ng tr\u00ean t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Physical Review Letter n\u0103m 2020 (Physical Review Letters 125, 026801 (2020)). H\u00ecnh minh h\u1ecda \u0111i k\u00e8m m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 quan s\u00e1t hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng Kondo \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t b\u00f3ng b\u00e1n d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed \u0111\u01a1n. Trong \u0111\u00f3, m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed kim lo\u1ea1i l\u1edbn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u00ean k\u1ebft m\u1ea1nh v\u1edbi ba \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c th\u00f4ng qua ba ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed \u0111\u01a1n mode, g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 truy\u1ec1n d\u1eabn ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n. C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cm\u00e1ng\u201d. S\u1ef1 suy bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch trong ch\u1ea5m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 spin gi\u1ea3: c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed \u0111i v\u00e0o ch\u1ea5m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi \u201cgi\u1ea3 spin h\u01b0\u1edbng l\u00ean\u201d, trong khi c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed \u0111i ra t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi \u201cgi\u1ea3 spin h\u01b0\u1edbng xu\u1ed1ng\u201d. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ea3o chi\u1ec1u gi\u1ea3 spin n\u00e0y x\u1ea3y ra t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed, \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 nh\u01b0 \u0111i\u1ec3m giao ti\u1ebfp gi\u1eefa ch\u1ea5m v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c. S\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed trong thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp n\u00e0y t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 k\u00eanh Kondo \u2013 m\u1ed9t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u1eadt l\u00fd c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7. Trong lo\u1ea1t th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m do nh\u00f3m c\u1ee7a GS. Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric Pierre th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n, d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n bi\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra trong ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 Hall l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed nguy\u00ean \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea1o. H\u1ec7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c duy tr\u00ec trong tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 trong v\u00f9ng m\u00e1ng, trong khi m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c b\u1ed5 sung \u2013 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n \u2013 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u00ean k\u1ebft y\u1ebfu v\u1edbi ch\u1ea5m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c duy tr\u00ec \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao h\u01a1n. S\u1ef1 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ea1i li\u00ean k\u1ebft y\u1ebfu n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng truy\u1ec1n d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed. T\u1ea1i li\u00ean k\u1ebft y\u1ebfu, \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 “chui ng\u1ea7m” v\u00e0o ho\u1eb7c ra kh\u1ecfi ch\u1ea5m","magazineBlocksPostCategories":["K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt","K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt - NCCB KHTN"],"magazineBlocksPostViewCount":5690,"magazineBlocksPostReadTime":15,"magazine_blocks_featured_image_url":{"full":["https:\/\/nafosted.gov.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/anh-1.gif",600,480,false],"medium":["https:\/\/nafosted.gov.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/anh-1-475x380.gif",475,380,true],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/nafosted.gov.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/anh-1-278x190.gif",278,190,true]},"magazine_blocks_author":{"display_name":"admin","author_link":"https:\/\/nafosted.gov.vn\/author\/admin\/"},"magazine_blocks_comment":11,"magazine_blocks_author_image":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/01be2b7eaa21fe4e25b709d19349c0fb?s=96&d=mm&r=g","magazine_blocks_category":"K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt<\/a> K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt - NCCB KHTN<\/a>","yoast_head":"\r\nHi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng Kondo \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc Vi\u1ec7t Nam - Qu\u1ef9 Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Qu\u1ed1c gia<\/title>\r\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\r\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/nafosted.gov.vn\/hieu-ung-kondo-dien-tich-va-dong-gop-noi-bat-cua-nha-khoa-hoc-viet-nam\/\" \/>\r\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"vi_VN\" \/>\r\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\r\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng Kondo \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc Vi\u1ec7t Nam - Qu\u1ef9 Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Qu\u1ed1c gia\" \/>\r\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng Kondo l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1eadt l\u00fd \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quan s\u00e1t trong c\u00e1c kim lo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 pha t\u1ea1p c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eed mang t\u1eeb t\u00ednh. Kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5y \u1edf kim lo\u1ea1i nguy\u00ean ch\u1ea5t \u2013 n\u01a1i \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf su\u1ea5t gi\u1ea3m khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u1ea3m \u2013 trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 c\u00f3 t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t t\u1eeb, \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf su\u1ea5t l\u1ea1i t\u0103ng khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ea1 th\u1ea5p. Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y l\u00e0 do t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c t\u1eeb gi\u1eefa spin c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed d\u1eabn v\u00e0 spin c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u00e2m t\u1ea1p. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n trong th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1934, ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1964, nh\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nh\u1eadt Jun Kondo m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0a ra l\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c cho hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u00ean, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng mang t\u00ean \u00f4ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd l\u00e0 c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng Kondo th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra ngay c\u1ea3 khi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1eadc t\u1ef1 do t\u1eeb t\u00ednh. Ch\u00fang xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 khi n\u00e0o t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 suy bi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t th\u1ec3 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c. M\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng Kondo \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i suy bi\u1ebfn li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch \u2013 thay v\u00ec spin \u2013 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 trung t\u00e2m. M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng h\u1ec7 v\u1eadt l\u00fd ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ec3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed: nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ea3o kim lo\u1ea1i c\u1ef1c nh\u1ecf, n\u01a1i c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed b\u1ecb giam gi\u1eef trong c\u1ea3 ba chi\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng gian, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed h\u00f3a c\u00e1c m\u1ee9c n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng Kondo \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t trong c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft b\u1edfi Flensberg, Matveev v\u00e0 Furusaki trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 1993\u20131995. T\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam, nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c TS. Nguy\u1ec5n Th\u1ecb Kim Thanh, Vi\u1ec7n V\u1eadt l\u00fd \u2013 Vi\u1ec7n H\u00e0n l\u00e2m Khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Vi\u1ec7t Nam, nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u trong khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u1edbi GS. Mikhail Kiselev, Trung t\u00e2m V\u1eadt l\u00fd L\u00fd thuy\u1ebft Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf Abdus Salam. B\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u1eb7t th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m quan tr\u1ecdng x\u1ea3y ra v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2015, khi nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a GS. Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric Pierre t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Paris-Saclay th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp c\u00e1c th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng Kondo \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch. Th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 c\u01a1 s\u1edf l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft m\u00e0 c\u00f2n m\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cho vi\u1ec7c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n nh\u01b0 hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng Kondo \u0111a k\u00eanh, n\u01a1i m\u1ed9t b\u1eadc t\u1ef1 do l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed h\u00f3a (spin ho\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u00ean k\u1ebft \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp. N\u0103m 2017, t\u1ea1i H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf \u201cV\u1eadt l\u00fd nano: t\u1eeb c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ebfn \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u2013 S\u1ef1 tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i\u201d t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c t\u1ea1i Quy Nh\u01a1n, Vi\u1ec7t Nam, TS. Nguy\u1ec5n Th\u1ecb Kim Thanh \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1 v\u00e0 trao \u0111\u1ed5i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi GS. Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric Pierre, ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng Kondo \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch ba k\u00eanh \u2013 m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p cao trong v\u1eadt l\u00fd ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn. Khi \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft cho tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p hai k\u00eanh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1, v\u00e0 TS. Kim Thanh \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e0y t\u1ecf s\u1ef1 quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft cho tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ba k\u00eanh. S\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 h\u00f3a qua c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh khoa h\u1ecdc mang t\u00ean \u201cTruy\u1ec1n d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n trong m\u1ea1ch Kondo \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch ba k\u00eanh\u201d, \u0111\u0103ng tr\u00ean t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Physical Review Letters (S\u1ed1 125, trang 026801, n\u0103m 2020). B\u00e0i b\u00e1o l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n trong \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u201cTruy\u1ec1n d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed kh\u00f4ng c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng qua c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 ch\u1ea5m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed trong ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 Kondo\u201d (m\u00e3 s\u1ed1 103.01-2020.05) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Qu\u1ef9 Nafosted t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n l\u00e0m s\u00e2u s\u1eafc th\u00eam hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 truy\u1ec1n d\u1eabn l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed v\u00e0 c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan m\u1ea1nh trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 nano. H\u00ecnh 1. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 m\u1ea1ch Kondo \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch ba k\u00eanh trong c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh \u201cTruy\u1ec1n d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n trong m\u1ea1ch Kondo \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch ba k\u00eanh\u201d, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u0103ng tr\u00ean t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Physical Review Letter n\u0103m 2020 (Physical Review Letters 125, 026801 (2020)). H\u00ecnh minh h\u1ecda \u0111i k\u00e8m m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 quan s\u00e1t hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng Kondo \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t b\u00f3ng b\u00e1n d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed \u0111\u01a1n. Trong \u0111\u00f3, m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed kim lo\u1ea1i l\u1edbn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u00ean k\u1ebft m\u1ea1nh v\u1edbi ba \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c th\u00f4ng qua ba ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed \u0111\u01a1n mode, g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 truy\u1ec1n d\u1eabn ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n. C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cm\u00e1ng\u201d. S\u1ef1 suy bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch trong ch\u1ea5m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 spin gi\u1ea3: c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed \u0111i v\u00e0o ch\u1ea5m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi \u201cgi\u1ea3 spin h\u01b0\u1edbng l\u00ean\u201d, trong khi c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed \u0111i ra t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi \u201cgi\u1ea3 spin h\u01b0\u1edbng xu\u1ed1ng\u201d. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ea3o chi\u1ec1u gi\u1ea3 spin n\u00e0y x\u1ea3y ra t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed, \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 nh\u01b0 \u0111i\u1ec3m giao ti\u1ebfp gi\u1eefa ch\u1ea5m v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c. S\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed trong thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp n\u00e0y t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 k\u00eanh Kondo \u2013 m\u1ed9t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u1eadt l\u00fd c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7. Trong lo\u1ea1t th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m do nh\u00f3m c\u1ee7a GS. Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric Pierre th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n, d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n bi\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra trong ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 Hall l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed nguy\u00ean \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea1o. 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Qu\u1ef9 Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Qu\u1ed1c gia","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/nafosted.gov.vn\/hieu-ung-kondo-dien-tich-va-dong-gop-noi-bat-cua-nha-khoa-hoc-viet-nam\/","og_locale":"vi_VN","og_type":"article","og_title":"Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng Kondo \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc Vi\u1ec7t Nam - Qu\u1ef9 Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Qu\u1ed1c gia","og_description":"Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng Kondo l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1eadt l\u00fd \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quan s\u00e1t trong c\u00e1c kim lo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 pha t\u1ea1p c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eed mang t\u1eeb t\u00ednh. Kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5y \u1edf kim lo\u1ea1i nguy\u00ean ch\u1ea5t \u2013 n\u01a1i \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf su\u1ea5t gi\u1ea3m khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u1ea3m \u2013 trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 c\u00f3 t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t t\u1eeb, \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf su\u1ea5t l\u1ea1i t\u0103ng khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ea1 th\u1ea5p. Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y l\u00e0 do t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c t\u1eeb gi\u1eefa spin c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed d\u1eabn v\u00e0 spin c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u00e2m t\u1ea1p. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n trong th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1934, ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1964, nh\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nh\u1eadt Jun Kondo m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0a ra l\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c cho hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u00ean, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng mang t\u00ean \u00f4ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd l\u00e0 c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng Kondo th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra ngay c\u1ea3 khi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1eadc t\u1ef1 do t\u1eeb t\u00ednh. Ch\u00fang xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 khi n\u00e0o t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 suy bi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t th\u1ec3 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c. M\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng Kondo \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i suy bi\u1ebfn li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch \u2013 thay v\u00ec spin \u2013 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 trung t\u00e2m. M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng h\u1ec7 v\u1eadt l\u00fd ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ec3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed: nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ea3o kim lo\u1ea1i c\u1ef1c nh\u1ecf, n\u01a1i c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed b\u1ecb giam gi\u1eef trong c\u1ea3 ba chi\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng gian, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed h\u00f3a c\u00e1c m\u1ee9c n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng Kondo \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t trong c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft b\u1edfi Flensberg, Matveev v\u00e0 Furusaki trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 1993\u20131995. T\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam, nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c TS. Nguy\u1ec5n Th\u1ecb Kim Thanh, Vi\u1ec7n V\u1eadt l\u00fd \u2013 Vi\u1ec7n H\u00e0n l\u00e2m Khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Vi\u1ec7t Nam, nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u trong khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u1edbi GS. Mikhail Kiselev, Trung t\u00e2m V\u1eadt l\u00fd L\u00fd thuy\u1ebft Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf Abdus Salam. B\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u1eb7t th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m quan tr\u1ecdng x\u1ea3y ra v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2015, khi nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a GS. Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric Pierre t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Paris-Saclay th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp c\u00e1c th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng Kondo \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch. Th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 c\u01a1 s\u1edf l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft m\u00e0 c\u00f2n m\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cho vi\u1ec7c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n nh\u01b0 hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng Kondo \u0111a k\u00eanh, n\u01a1i m\u1ed9t b\u1eadc t\u1ef1 do l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed h\u00f3a (spin ho\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u00ean k\u1ebft \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp. N\u0103m 2017, t\u1ea1i H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf \u201cV\u1eadt l\u00fd nano: t\u1eeb c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ebfn \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u2013 S\u1ef1 tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i\u201d t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c t\u1ea1i Quy Nh\u01a1n, Vi\u1ec7t Nam, TS. Nguy\u1ec5n Th\u1ecb Kim Thanh \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1 v\u00e0 trao \u0111\u1ed5i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi GS. Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric Pierre, ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng Kondo \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch ba k\u00eanh \u2013 m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p cao trong v\u1eadt l\u00fd ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn. Khi \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft cho tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p hai k\u00eanh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1, v\u00e0 TS. Kim Thanh \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e0y t\u1ecf s\u1ef1 quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft cho tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ba k\u00eanh. S\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 h\u00f3a qua c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh khoa h\u1ecdc mang t\u00ean \u201cTruy\u1ec1n d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n trong m\u1ea1ch Kondo \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch ba k\u00eanh\u201d, \u0111\u0103ng tr\u00ean t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Physical Review Letters (S\u1ed1 125, trang 026801, n\u0103m 2020). B\u00e0i b\u00e1o l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n trong \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u201cTruy\u1ec1n d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed kh\u00f4ng c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng qua c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 ch\u1ea5m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed trong ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 Kondo\u201d (m\u00e3 s\u1ed1 103.01-2020.05) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Qu\u1ef9 Nafosted t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n l\u00e0m s\u00e2u s\u1eafc th\u00eam hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 truy\u1ec1n d\u1eabn l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed v\u00e0 c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan m\u1ea1nh trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 nano. H\u00ecnh 1. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 m\u1ea1ch Kondo \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch ba k\u00eanh trong c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh \u201cTruy\u1ec1n d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n trong m\u1ea1ch Kondo \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch ba k\u00eanh\u201d, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u0103ng tr\u00ean t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Physical Review Letter n\u0103m 2020 (Physical Review Letters 125, 026801 (2020)). H\u00ecnh minh h\u1ecda \u0111i k\u00e8m m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 quan s\u00e1t hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng Kondo \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t b\u00f3ng b\u00e1n d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed \u0111\u01a1n. Trong \u0111\u00f3, m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed kim lo\u1ea1i l\u1edbn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u00ean k\u1ebft m\u1ea1nh v\u1edbi ba \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c th\u00f4ng qua ba ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed \u0111\u01a1n mode, g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 truy\u1ec1n d\u1eabn ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n. C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cm\u00e1ng\u201d. S\u1ef1 suy bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch trong ch\u1ea5m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 spin gi\u1ea3: c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed \u0111i v\u00e0o ch\u1ea5m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi \u201cgi\u1ea3 spin h\u01b0\u1edbng l\u00ean\u201d, trong khi c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed \u0111i ra t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi \u201cgi\u1ea3 spin h\u01b0\u1edbng xu\u1ed1ng\u201d. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ea3o chi\u1ec1u gi\u1ea3 spin n\u00e0y x\u1ea3y ra t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed, \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 nh\u01b0 \u0111i\u1ec3m giao ti\u1ebfp gi\u1eefa ch\u1ea5m v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c. S\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed trong thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp n\u00e0y t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 k\u00eanh Kondo \u2013 m\u1ed9t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u1eadt l\u00fd c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7. Trong lo\u1ea1t th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m do nh\u00f3m c\u1ee7a GS. Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric Pierre th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n, d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n bi\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra trong ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 Hall l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed nguy\u00ean \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea1o. H\u1ec7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c duy tr\u00ec trong tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 trong v\u00f9ng m\u00e1ng, trong khi m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c b\u1ed5 sung \u2013 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n \u2013 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u00ean k\u1ebft y\u1ebfu v\u1edbi ch\u1ea5m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c duy tr\u00ec \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao h\u01a1n. S\u1ef1 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ea1i li\u00ean k\u1ebft y\u1ebfu n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng truy\u1ec1n d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed. T\u1ea1i li\u00ean k\u1ebft y\u1ebfu, \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 “chui ng\u1ea7m” v\u00e0o ho\u1eb7c ra kh\u1ecfi ch\u1ea5m","og_url":"https:\/\/nafosted.gov.vn\/hieu-ung-kondo-dien-tich-va-dong-gop-noi-bat-cua-nha-khoa-hoc-viet-nam\/","og_site_name":"Qu\u1ef9 Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Qu\u1ed1c gia","article_published_time":"2025-08-19T02:15:10+00:00","article_modified_time":"2025-08-27T10:34:11+00:00","og_image":[{"width":600,"height":480,"url":"https:\/\/nafosted.gov.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/anh-1.gif","type":"image\/gif"}],"author":"admin","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft b\u1edfi":"admin","\u01af\u1edbc t\u00ednh th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ecdc":"10 ph\u00fat"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/nafosted.gov.vn\/hieu-ung-kondo-dien-tich-va-dong-gop-noi-bat-cua-nha-khoa-hoc-viet-nam\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/nafosted.gov.vn\/hieu-ung-kondo-dien-tich-va-dong-gop-noi-bat-cua-nha-khoa-hoc-viet-nam\/"},"author":{"name":"admin","@id":"https:\/\/nafosted.gov.vn\/#\/schema\/person\/0f3609cce95c0e113635c69e9cf26dbb"},"headline":"Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng Kondo \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc Vi\u1ec7t Nam","datePublished":"2025-08-19T02:15:10+00:00","dateModified":"2025-08-27T10:34:11+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/nafosted.gov.vn\/hieu-ung-kondo-dien-tich-va-dong-gop-noi-bat-cua-nha-khoa-hoc-viet-nam\/"},"wordCount":2928,"commentCount":0,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/nafosted.gov.vn\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/nafosted.gov.vn\/hieu-ung-kondo-dien-tich-va-dong-gop-noi-bat-cua-nha-khoa-hoc-viet-nam\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/nafosted.gov.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/anh-1.gif","articleSection":["K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt","K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt - 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