{"id":15663,"date":"2025-08-26T04:46:42","date_gmt":"2025-08-26T04:46:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nafosted.gov.vn\/?p=15663"},"modified":"2025-08-27T10:30:57","modified_gmt":"2025-08-27T10:30:57","slug":"bien-rac-thai-thanh-dien-va-nhien-lieu-sach-huong-di-moi-cho-nong-thon-viet-nam","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nafosted.gov.vn\/bien-rac-thai-thanh-dien-va-nhien-lieu-sach-huong-di-moi-cho-nong-thon-viet-nam\/","title":{"rendered":"Bi\u1ebfn r\u00e1c th\u1ea3i th\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u s\u1ea1ch: H\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111i m\u1edbi cho n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n Vi\u1ec7t Nam"},"content":{"rendered":"

Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n cam k\u1ebft Net Zero, m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u do GS.TSKH. B\u00f9i V\u0103n Ga (Tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc B\u00e1ch khoa \u2013 \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc \u0110\u00e0 N\u1eb5ng) ch\u1ee7 tr\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i \u201cM\u00f4-\u0111un s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u00f2a l\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf t\u1eeb ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i sinh ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u1edf n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n\u201d<\/strong>, mang l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1, v\u1eeba gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft b\u00e0i to\u00e1n m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, v\u1eeba m\u1edf ra tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea1ch cho khu v\u1ef1c n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n.<\/p>\n

Theo nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, r\u00e1c th\u1ea3i sinh ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 g\u00e1nh n\u1eb7ng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean qu\u00fd gi\u00e1 n\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch. Hi\u1ec7n nay, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i r\u1eafn sau t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf v\u1eabn ph\u1ea3i \u0111em ch\u00f4n l\u1ea5p, g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m \u0111\u1ea5t, n\u01b0\u1edbc, ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i kh\u00ed nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh (CH\u2084, CO\u2082) v\u00e0 l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng sinh kh\u1ed1i (biomass) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng l\u1edbn, \u0111\u1ee9ng th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 sau than \u0111\u00e1, d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf v\u00e0 kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed1t. N\u1ebfu chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a th\u00e0nh nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u kh\u00ed t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p (syngas) \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng CO\u2082 ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e2y xanh h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng carbon thay v\u00ec t\u1ea1o ra CH\u2084 \u2013 lo\u1ea1i kh\u00ed g\u00e2y hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh m\u1ea1nh g\u1ea5p 20 l\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0 m\u00f4-\u0111un \u0111i\u1ec7n-r\u00e1c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o lai (HRES)<\/strong>, k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi, \u0111i\u1ec7n gi\u00f3, biomass v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t hydrogen xanh. Trong \u0111\u00f3, r\u00e1c kh\u00f3 ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e9n th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u RDF \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00ed h\u00f3a th\u00e0nh syngas, c\u00f2n r\u00e1c h\u1eefu c\u01a1 d\u1ec5 ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y d\u00f9ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t biogas. Hai lo\u1ea1i kh\u00ed n\u00e0y, sau khi l\u1ecdc s\u1ea1ch, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00f2a tr\u1ed9n c\u00f9ng hydrogen t\u1ea1o ra t\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1edd ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o. H\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u linh ho\u1ea1t n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed1t trong c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea5u n\u1ed1i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0o l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o lai solar-wind-biomass<\/em><\/p>\n

Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch b\u1eb1ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m HOMER cho th\u1ea5y, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n m\u00f4-\u0111un \u0111i\u1ec7n-r\u00e1c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t hydrogen c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 kinh t\u1ebf t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi m\u00f4-\u0111un kh\u00f4ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t hydrogen, nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i gi\u1ea3m ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i CO\u2082 nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n. Hydrogen t\u1ea1o ra c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u s\u1ea1ch cho xe g\u1eafn m\u00e1y \u2013 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u1edf n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, xe m\u00e1y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng pin nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u hydrogen c\u00f3 m\u1ee9c ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i kh\u00ed nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh ch\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng 15% so v\u1edbi xe \u0111i\u1ec7n accu, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u00f3 \u01b0u th\u1ebf v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi gian n\u1ea1p nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u nhanh v\u00e0 qu\u00e3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u00e0i.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a biomass, nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p: \u00e9p r\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean RDF \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng g\u1ea5p 10 l\u1ea7n, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed gi\u00e0u oxygen \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng nhi\u1ec7t tr\u1ecb syngas l\u00ean g\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f4i, \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u l\u1ecdc H\u2082S m\u1edbi t\u1eeb bentonite v\u00e0 zeolite t\u00e1i sinh nh\u1eb1m k\u00e9o d\u00e0i tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1. Ngo\u00e0i ra, \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 t\u0129nh t\u1ea1i truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o b\u1eb1ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00f2i phun k\u00e9p \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, gi\u00fap s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng linh ho\u1ea1t h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p syngas \u2013 biogas \u2013 hydrogen.<\/p>\n

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Ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn biomass th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean n\u00e9n nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u RDF<\/em><\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t h\u01b0\u1edbng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p hydrogen v\u1edbi x\u0103ng sinh h\u1ecdc<\/strong>. Khi b\u1ed5 sung hydrogen, c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a x\u0103ng sinh h\u1ecdc h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ethanol cao (\u0103n m\u00f2n, kh\u00f3 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p, gi\u1ea3m qu\u00e3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng di chuy\u1ec3n) \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh t\u0103ng t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 E10, E20 trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/p>\n

K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u m\u1edf ra kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i: t\u1eeb m\u00f4-\u0111un s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n nh\u1ecf ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh, h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3, \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o lai k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t hydrogen xanh cho c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n; t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 sang ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o xe m\u00e1y hydrogen \u2013 x\u0103ng sinh h\u1ecdc, ti\u1ebfn t\u1edbi xe m\u00e1y pin nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u hydrogen.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec1 t\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 mang \u00fd ngh\u0129a khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n, khi g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n x\u1eed l\u00fd r\u00e1c th\u1ea3i, gi\u1ea3m ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i kh\u00ed nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh, ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c cho ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh d\u1eebng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n ch\u1ea1y b\u1eb1ng nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch t\u1eeb n\u0103m 2040, c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a nh\u00f3m GS. B\u00f9i V\u0103n Ga \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng s\u1ebd l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c h\u00f3a cam k\u1ebft Net Zero v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2050.<\/p>\n

Ngu\u1ed3n: Ph\u00f2ng Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng<\/em><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n cam k\u1ebft Net Zero, m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u do GS.TSKH. B\u00f9i V\u0103n Ga (Tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc B\u00e1ch khoa \u2013 \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc \u0110\u00e0 N\u1eb5ng) ch\u1ee7 tr\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i \u201cM\u00f4-\u0111un s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u00f2a l\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf t\u1eeb ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i sinh ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u1edf n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n\u201d, mang l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1, v\u1eeba gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft b\u00e0i to\u00e1n m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, v\u1eeba m\u1edf ra tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea1ch cho khu v\u1ef1c n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n. Theo nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, r\u00e1c th\u1ea3i sinh ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 g\u00e1nh n\u1eb7ng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean qu\u00fd gi\u00e1 n\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch. Hi\u1ec7n nay, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i r\u1eafn sau t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf v\u1eabn ph\u1ea3i \u0111em ch\u00f4n l\u1ea5p, g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m \u0111\u1ea5t, n\u01b0\u1edbc, ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i kh\u00ed nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh (CH\u2084, CO\u2082) v\u00e0 l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng sinh kh\u1ed1i (biomass) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng l\u1edbn, \u0111\u1ee9ng th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 sau than \u0111\u00e1, d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf v\u00e0 kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed1t. N\u1ebfu chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a th\u00e0nh nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u kh\u00ed t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p (syngas) \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng CO\u2082 ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e2y xanh h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng carbon thay v\u00ec t\u1ea1o ra CH\u2084 \u2013 lo\u1ea1i kh\u00ed g\u00e2y hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh m\u1ea1nh g\u1ea5p 20 l\u1ea7n. \u0110i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0 m\u00f4-\u0111un \u0111i\u1ec7n-r\u00e1c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o lai (HRES), k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi, \u0111i\u1ec7n gi\u00f3, biomass v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t hydrogen xanh. Trong \u0111\u00f3, r\u00e1c kh\u00f3 ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e9n th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u RDF \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00ed h\u00f3a th\u00e0nh syngas, c\u00f2n r\u00e1c h\u1eefu c\u01a1 d\u1ec5 ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y d\u00f9ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t biogas. Hai lo\u1ea1i kh\u00ed n\u00e0y, sau khi l\u1ecdc s\u1ea1ch, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00f2a tr\u1ed9n c\u00f9ng hydrogen t\u1ea1o ra t\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1edd ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o. H\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u linh ho\u1ea1t n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed1t trong c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea5u n\u1ed1i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0o l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o lai solar-wind-biomass Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch b\u1eb1ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m HOMER cho th\u1ea5y, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n m\u00f4-\u0111un \u0111i\u1ec7n-r\u00e1c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t hydrogen c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 kinh t\u1ebf t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi m\u00f4-\u0111un kh\u00f4ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t hydrogen, nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i gi\u1ea3m ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i CO\u2082 nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n. Hydrogen t\u1ea1o ra c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u s\u1ea1ch cho xe g\u1eafn m\u00e1y \u2013 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u1edf n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, xe m\u00e1y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng pin nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u hydrogen c\u00f3 m\u1ee9c ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i kh\u00ed nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh ch\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng 15% so v\u1edbi xe \u0111i\u1ec7n accu, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u00f3 \u01b0u th\u1ebf v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi gian n\u1ea1p nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u nhanh v\u00e0 qu\u00e3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u00e0i. \u0110\u1ec3 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a biomass, nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p: \u00e9p r\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean RDF \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng g\u1ea5p 10 l\u1ea7n, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed gi\u00e0u oxygen \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng nhi\u1ec7t tr\u1ecb syngas l\u00ean g\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f4i, \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u l\u1ecdc H\u2082S m\u1edbi t\u1eeb bentonite v\u00e0 zeolite t\u00e1i sinh nh\u1eb1m k\u00e9o d\u00e0i tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1. Ngo\u00e0i ra, \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 t\u0129nh t\u1ea1i truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o b\u1eb1ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00f2i phun k\u00e9p \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, gi\u00fap s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng linh ho\u1ea1t h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p syngas \u2013 biogas \u2013 hydrogen. Ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn biomass th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean n\u00e9n nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u RDF M\u1ed9t h\u01b0\u1edbng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p hydrogen v\u1edbi x\u0103ng sinh h\u1ecdc. Khi b\u1ed5 sung hydrogen, c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a x\u0103ng sinh h\u1ecdc h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ethanol cao (\u0103n m\u00f2n, kh\u00f3 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p, gi\u1ea3m qu\u00e3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng di chuy\u1ec3n) \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh t\u0103ng t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 E10, E20 trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u m\u1edf ra kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i: t\u1eeb m\u00f4-\u0111un s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n nh\u1ecf ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh, h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3, \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o lai k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t hydrogen xanh cho c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n; t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 sang ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o xe m\u00e1y hydrogen \u2013 x\u0103ng sinh h\u1ecdc, ti\u1ebfn t\u1edbi xe m\u00e1y pin nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u hydrogen. \u0110\u1ec1 t\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 mang \u00fd ngh\u0129a khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n, khi g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n x\u1eed l\u00fd r\u00e1c th\u1ea3i, gi\u1ea3m ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i kh\u00ed nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh, ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c cho ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh d\u1eebng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n ch\u1ea1y b\u1eb1ng nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch t\u1eeb n\u0103m 2040, c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a nh\u00f3m GS. B\u00f9i V\u0103n Ga \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng s\u1ebd l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c h\u00f3a cam k\u1ebft Net Zero v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2050. Ngu\u1ed3n: Ph\u00f2ng Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng  <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":15664,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_eb_attr":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[45],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-15663","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ket-qua-tai-tro-noi-bat"],"magazineBlocksPostFeaturedMedia":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/nafosted.gov.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/anh-2-2-278x190.png","medium":"https:\/\/nafosted.gov.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/anh-2-2-512x380.png","medium_large":"https:\/\/nafosted.gov.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/anh-2-2-768x570.png","large":"https:\/\/nafosted.gov.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/anh-2-2-1024x760.png","1536x1536":"https:\/\/nafosted.gov.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/anh-2-2.png","2048x2048":"https:\/\/nafosted.gov.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/anh-2-2.png","cvmm-medium":"https:\/\/nafosted.gov.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/anh-2-2-300x300.png","cvmm-medium-plus":"https:\/\/nafosted.gov.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/anh-2-2-305x207.png","cvmm-portrait":"https:\/\/nafosted.gov.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/anh-2-2-400x600.png","cvmm-medium-square":"https:\/\/nafosted.gov.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/anh-2-2-600x600.png","cvmm-large":"https:\/\/nafosted.gov.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/anh-2-2-1024x1024.png","cvmm-small":"https:\/\/nafosted.gov.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/anh-2-2-130x95.png","400x250-crop":"https:\/\/nafosted.gov.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/anh-2-2-400x250.png","htmagazine_grid":"https:\/\/nafosted.gov.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/anh-2-2-640x218.png"},"magazineBlocksPostAuthor":{"name":"admin","avatar":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/01be2b7eaa21fe4e25b709d19349c0fb?s=96&d=mm&r=g"},"magazineBlocksPostCommentsNumber":"0","magazineBlocksPostExcerpt":"Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n cam k\u1ebft Net Zero, m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u do GS.TSKH. B\u00f9i V\u0103n Ga (Tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc B\u00e1ch khoa \u2013 \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc \u0110\u00e0 N\u1eb5ng) ch\u1ee7 tr\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i \u201cM\u00f4-\u0111un s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u00f2a l\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf t\u1eeb ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i sinh ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u1edf n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n\u201d, mang l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1, v\u1eeba gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft b\u00e0i to\u00e1n m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, v\u1eeba m\u1edf ra tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea1ch cho khu v\u1ef1c n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n. Theo nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, r\u00e1c th\u1ea3i sinh ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 g\u00e1nh n\u1eb7ng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean qu\u00fd gi\u00e1 n\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch. Hi\u1ec7n nay, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i r\u1eafn sau t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf v\u1eabn ph\u1ea3i \u0111em ch\u00f4n l\u1ea5p, g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m \u0111\u1ea5t, n\u01b0\u1edbc, ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i kh\u00ed nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh (CH\u2084, CO\u2082) v\u00e0 l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng sinh kh\u1ed1i (biomass) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng l\u1edbn, \u0111\u1ee9ng th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 sau than \u0111\u00e1, d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf v\u00e0 kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed1t. N\u1ebfu chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a th\u00e0nh nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u kh\u00ed t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p (syngas) \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng CO\u2082 ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e2y xanh h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng carbon thay v\u00ec t\u1ea1o ra CH\u2084 \u2013 lo\u1ea1i kh\u00ed g\u00e2y hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh m\u1ea1nh g\u1ea5p 20 l\u1ea7n. \u0110i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0 m\u00f4-\u0111un \u0111i\u1ec7n-r\u00e1c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o lai (HRES), k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi, \u0111i\u1ec7n gi\u00f3, biomass v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t hydrogen xanh. Trong \u0111\u00f3, r\u00e1c kh\u00f3 ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e9n th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u RDF \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00ed h\u00f3a th\u00e0nh syngas, c\u00f2n r\u00e1c h\u1eefu c\u01a1 d\u1ec5 ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y d\u00f9ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t biogas. Hai lo\u1ea1i kh\u00ed n\u00e0y, sau khi l\u1ecdc s\u1ea1ch, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00f2a tr\u1ed9n c\u00f9ng hydrogen t\u1ea1o ra t\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1edd ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o. H\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u linh ho\u1ea1t n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed1t trong c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea5u n\u1ed1i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0o l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o lai solar-wind-biomass Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch b\u1eb1ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m HOMER cho th\u1ea5y, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n m\u00f4-\u0111un \u0111i\u1ec7n-r\u00e1c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t hydrogen c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 kinh t\u1ebf t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi m\u00f4-\u0111un kh\u00f4ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t hydrogen, nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i gi\u1ea3m ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i CO\u2082 nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n. Hydrogen t\u1ea1o ra c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u s\u1ea1ch cho xe g\u1eafn m\u00e1y \u2013 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u1edf n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, xe m\u00e1y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng pin nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u hydrogen c\u00f3 m\u1ee9c ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i kh\u00ed nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh ch\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng 15% so v\u1edbi xe \u0111i\u1ec7n accu, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u00f3 \u01b0u th\u1ebf v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi gian n\u1ea1p nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u nhanh v\u00e0 qu\u00e3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u00e0i. \u0110\u1ec3 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a biomass, nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p: \u00e9p r\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean RDF \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng g\u1ea5p 10 l\u1ea7n, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed gi\u00e0u oxygen \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng nhi\u1ec7t tr\u1ecb syngas l\u00ean g\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f4i, \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u l\u1ecdc H\u2082S m\u1edbi t\u1eeb bentonite v\u00e0 zeolite t\u00e1i sinh nh\u1eb1m k\u00e9o d\u00e0i tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1. Ngo\u00e0i ra, \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 t\u0129nh t\u1ea1i truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o b\u1eb1ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00f2i phun k\u00e9p \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, gi\u00fap s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng linh ho\u1ea1t h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p syngas \u2013 biogas \u2013 hydrogen. Ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn biomass th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean n\u00e9n nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u RDF M\u1ed9t h\u01b0\u1edbng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p hydrogen v\u1edbi x\u0103ng sinh h\u1ecdc. Khi b\u1ed5 sung hydrogen, c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a x\u0103ng sinh h\u1ecdc h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ethanol cao (\u0103n m\u00f2n, kh\u00f3 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p, gi\u1ea3m qu\u00e3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng di chuy\u1ec3n) \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh t\u0103ng t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 E10, E20 trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u m\u1edf ra kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i: t\u1eeb m\u00f4-\u0111un s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n nh\u1ecf ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh, h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3, \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o lai k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t hydrogen xanh cho c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n; t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 sang ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o xe m\u00e1y hydrogen \u2013 x\u0103ng sinh h\u1ecdc, ti\u1ebfn t\u1edbi xe m\u00e1y pin nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u hydrogen. \u0110\u1ec1 t\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 mang \u00fd ngh\u0129a khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n, khi g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n x\u1eed l\u00fd r\u00e1c th\u1ea3i, gi\u1ea3m ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i kh\u00ed nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh, ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c cho ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh d\u1eebng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n ch\u1ea1y b\u1eb1ng nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch t\u1eeb n\u0103m 2040, c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a nh\u00f3m GS. B\u00f9i V\u0103n Ga \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng s\u1ebd l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c h\u00f3a cam k\u1ebft Net Zero v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2050. Ngu\u1ed3n: Ph\u00f2ng Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng  ","magazineBlocksPostCategories":["K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt"],"magazineBlocksPostViewCount":5386,"magazineBlocksPostReadTime":8,"magazine_blocks_featured_image_url":{"full":["https:\/\/nafosted.gov.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/anh-2-2.png",1534,1138,false],"medium":["https:\/\/nafosted.gov.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/anh-2-2-512x380.png",512,380,true],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/nafosted.gov.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/anh-2-2-278x190.png",278,190,true]},"magazine_blocks_author":{"display_name":"admin","author_link":"https:\/\/nafosted.gov.vn\/author\/admin\/"},"magazine_blocks_comment":9,"magazine_blocks_author_image":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/01be2b7eaa21fe4e25b709d19349c0fb?s=96&d=mm&r=g","magazine_blocks_category":"K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt<\/a>","yoast_head":"\r\nBi\u1ebfn r\u00e1c th\u1ea3i th\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u s\u1ea1ch: H\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111i m\u1edbi cho n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n Vi\u1ec7t Nam - Qu\u1ef9 Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Qu\u1ed1c gia<\/title>\r\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\r\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/nafosted.gov.vn\/bien-rac-thai-thanh-dien-va-nhien-lieu-sach-huong-di-moi-cho-nong-thon-viet-nam\/\" \/>\r\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"vi_VN\" \/>\r\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\r\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Bi\u1ebfn r\u00e1c th\u1ea3i th\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u s\u1ea1ch: H\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111i m\u1edbi cho n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n Vi\u1ec7t Nam - Qu\u1ef9 Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Qu\u1ed1c gia\" \/>\r\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n cam k\u1ebft Net Zero, m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u do GS.TSKH. B\u00f9i V\u0103n Ga (Tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc B\u00e1ch khoa \u2013 \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc \u0110\u00e0 N\u1eb5ng) ch\u1ee7 tr\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i \u201cM\u00f4-\u0111un s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u00f2a l\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf t\u1eeb ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i sinh ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u1edf n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n\u201d, mang l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1, v\u1eeba gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft b\u00e0i to\u00e1n m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, v\u1eeba m\u1edf ra tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea1ch cho khu v\u1ef1c n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n. Theo nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, r\u00e1c th\u1ea3i sinh ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 g\u00e1nh n\u1eb7ng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean qu\u00fd gi\u00e1 n\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch. Hi\u1ec7n nay, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i r\u1eafn sau t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf v\u1eabn ph\u1ea3i \u0111em ch\u00f4n l\u1ea5p, g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m \u0111\u1ea5t, n\u01b0\u1edbc, ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i kh\u00ed nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh (CH\u2084, CO\u2082) v\u00e0 l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng sinh kh\u1ed1i (biomass) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng l\u1edbn, \u0111\u1ee9ng th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 sau than \u0111\u00e1, d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf v\u00e0 kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed1t. N\u1ebfu chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a th\u00e0nh nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u kh\u00ed t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p (syngas) \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng CO\u2082 ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e2y xanh h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng carbon thay v\u00ec t\u1ea1o ra CH\u2084 \u2013 lo\u1ea1i kh\u00ed g\u00e2y hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh m\u1ea1nh g\u1ea5p 20 l\u1ea7n. \u0110i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0 m\u00f4-\u0111un \u0111i\u1ec7n-r\u00e1c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o lai (HRES), k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi, \u0111i\u1ec7n gi\u00f3, biomass v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t hydrogen xanh. Trong \u0111\u00f3, r\u00e1c kh\u00f3 ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e9n th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u RDF \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00ed h\u00f3a th\u00e0nh syngas, c\u00f2n r\u00e1c h\u1eefu c\u01a1 d\u1ec5 ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y d\u00f9ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t biogas. Hai lo\u1ea1i kh\u00ed n\u00e0y, sau khi l\u1ecdc s\u1ea1ch, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00f2a tr\u1ed9n c\u00f9ng hydrogen t\u1ea1o ra t\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1edd ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o. H\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u linh ho\u1ea1t n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed1t trong c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea5u n\u1ed1i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0o l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o lai solar-wind-biomass Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch b\u1eb1ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m HOMER cho th\u1ea5y, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n m\u00f4-\u0111un \u0111i\u1ec7n-r\u00e1c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t hydrogen c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 kinh t\u1ebf t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi m\u00f4-\u0111un kh\u00f4ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t hydrogen, nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i gi\u1ea3m ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i CO\u2082 nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n. Hydrogen t\u1ea1o ra c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u s\u1ea1ch cho xe g\u1eafn m\u00e1y \u2013 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u1edf n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, xe m\u00e1y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng pin nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u hydrogen c\u00f3 m\u1ee9c ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i kh\u00ed nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh ch\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng 15% so v\u1edbi xe \u0111i\u1ec7n accu, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u00f3 \u01b0u th\u1ebf v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi gian n\u1ea1p nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u nhanh v\u00e0 qu\u00e3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u00e0i. \u0110\u1ec3 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a biomass, nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p: \u00e9p r\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean RDF \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng g\u1ea5p 10 l\u1ea7n, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed gi\u00e0u oxygen \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng nhi\u1ec7t tr\u1ecb syngas l\u00ean g\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f4i, \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u l\u1ecdc H\u2082S m\u1edbi t\u1eeb bentonite v\u00e0 zeolite t\u00e1i sinh nh\u1eb1m k\u00e9o d\u00e0i tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1. Ngo\u00e0i ra, \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 t\u0129nh t\u1ea1i truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o b\u1eb1ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00f2i phun k\u00e9p \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, gi\u00fap s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng linh ho\u1ea1t h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p syngas \u2013 biogas \u2013 hydrogen. Ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn biomass th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean n\u00e9n nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u RDF M\u1ed9t h\u01b0\u1edbng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p hydrogen v\u1edbi x\u0103ng sinh h\u1ecdc. Khi b\u1ed5 sung hydrogen, c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a x\u0103ng sinh h\u1ecdc h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ethanol cao (\u0103n m\u00f2n, kh\u00f3 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p, gi\u1ea3m qu\u00e3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng di chuy\u1ec3n) \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh t\u0103ng t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 E10, E20 trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u m\u1edf ra kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i: t\u1eeb m\u00f4-\u0111un s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n nh\u1ecf ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh, h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3, \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o lai k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t hydrogen xanh cho c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n; t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 sang ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o xe m\u00e1y hydrogen \u2013 x\u0103ng sinh h\u1ecdc, ti\u1ebfn t\u1edbi xe m\u00e1y pin nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u hydrogen. \u0110\u1ec1 t\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 mang \u00fd ngh\u0129a khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n, khi g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n x\u1eed l\u00fd r\u00e1c th\u1ea3i, gi\u1ea3m ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i kh\u00ed nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh, ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c cho ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh d\u1eebng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n ch\u1ea1y b\u1eb1ng nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch t\u1eeb n\u0103m 2040, c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a nh\u00f3m GS. B\u00f9i V\u0103n Ga \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng s\u1ebd l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c h\u00f3a cam k\u1ebft Net Zero v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2050. 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Qu\u1ef9 Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Qu\u1ed1c gia","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/nafosted.gov.vn\/bien-rac-thai-thanh-dien-va-nhien-lieu-sach-huong-di-moi-cho-nong-thon-viet-nam\/","og_locale":"vi_VN","og_type":"article","og_title":"Bi\u1ebfn r\u00e1c th\u1ea3i th\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u s\u1ea1ch: H\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111i m\u1edbi cho n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n Vi\u1ec7t Nam - Qu\u1ef9 Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Qu\u1ed1c gia","og_description":"Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n cam k\u1ebft Net Zero, m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u do GS.TSKH. B\u00f9i V\u0103n Ga (Tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc B\u00e1ch khoa \u2013 \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc \u0110\u00e0 N\u1eb5ng) ch\u1ee7 tr\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i \u201cM\u00f4-\u0111un s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u00f2a l\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf t\u1eeb ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i sinh ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u1edf n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n\u201d, mang l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1, v\u1eeba gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft b\u00e0i to\u00e1n m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, v\u1eeba m\u1edf ra tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea1ch cho khu v\u1ef1c n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n. Theo nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, r\u00e1c th\u1ea3i sinh ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 g\u00e1nh n\u1eb7ng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean qu\u00fd gi\u00e1 n\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch. Hi\u1ec7n nay, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i r\u1eafn sau t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf v\u1eabn ph\u1ea3i \u0111em ch\u00f4n l\u1ea5p, g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m \u0111\u1ea5t, n\u01b0\u1edbc, ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i kh\u00ed nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh (CH\u2084, CO\u2082) v\u00e0 l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng sinh kh\u1ed1i (biomass) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng l\u1edbn, \u0111\u1ee9ng th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 sau than \u0111\u00e1, d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf v\u00e0 kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed1t. N\u1ebfu chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a th\u00e0nh nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u kh\u00ed t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p (syngas) \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng CO\u2082 ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e2y xanh h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng carbon thay v\u00ec t\u1ea1o ra CH\u2084 \u2013 lo\u1ea1i kh\u00ed g\u00e2y hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh m\u1ea1nh g\u1ea5p 20 l\u1ea7n. \u0110i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0 m\u00f4-\u0111un \u0111i\u1ec7n-r\u00e1c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o lai (HRES), k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi, \u0111i\u1ec7n gi\u00f3, biomass v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t hydrogen xanh. Trong \u0111\u00f3, r\u00e1c kh\u00f3 ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e9n th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u RDF \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00ed h\u00f3a th\u00e0nh syngas, c\u00f2n r\u00e1c h\u1eefu c\u01a1 d\u1ec5 ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y d\u00f9ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t biogas. Hai lo\u1ea1i kh\u00ed n\u00e0y, sau khi l\u1ecdc s\u1ea1ch, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00f2a tr\u1ed9n c\u00f9ng hydrogen t\u1ea1o ra t\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1edd ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o. H\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u linh ho\u1ea1t n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed1t trong c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea5u n\u1ed1i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0o l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o lai solar-wind-biomass Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch b\u1eb1ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m HOMER cho th\u1ea5y, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n m\u00f4-\u0111un \u0111i\u1ec7n-r\u00e1c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t hydrogen c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 kinh t\u1ebf t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi m\u00f4-\u0111un kh\u00f4ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t hydrogen, nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i gi\u1ea3m ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i CO\u2082 nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n. Hydrogen t\u1ea1o ra c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u s\u1ea1ch cho xe g\u1eafn m\u00e1y \u2013 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u1edf n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, xe m\u00e1y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng pin nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u hydrogen c\u00f3 m\u1ee9c ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i kh\u00ed nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh ch\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng 15% so v\u1edbi xe \u0111i\u1ec7n accu, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u00f3 \u01b0u th\u1ebf v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi gian n\u1ea1p nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u nhanh v\u00e0 qu\u00e3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u00e0i. \u0110\u1ec3 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a biomass, nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p: \u00e9p r\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean RDF \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng g\u1ea5p 10 l\u1ea7n, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed gi\u00e0u oxygen \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng nhi\u1ec7t tr\u1ecb syngas l\u00ean g\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f4i, \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u l\u1ecdc H\u2082S m\u1edbi t\u1eeb bentonite v\u00e0 zeolite t\u00e1i sinh nh\u1eb1m k\u00e9o d\u00e0i tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1. Ngo\u00e0i ra, \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 t\u0129nh t\u1ea1i truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o b\u1eb1ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00f2i phun k\u00e9p \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, gi\u00fap s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng linh ho\u1ea1t h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p syngas \u2013 biogas \u2013 hydrogen. Ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn biomass th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean n\u00e9n nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u RDF M\u1ed9t h\u01b0\u1edbng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p hydrogen v\u1edbi x\u0103ng sinh h\u1ecdc. Khi b\u1ed5 sung hydrogen, c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a x\u0103ng sinh h\u1ecdc h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ethanol cao (\u0103n m\u00f2n, kh\u00f3 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p, gi\u1ea3m qu\u00e3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng di chuy\u1ec3n) \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh t\u0103ng t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 E10, E20 trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u m\u1edf ra kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i: t\u1eeb m\u00f4-\u0111un s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n nh\u1ecf ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh, h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3, \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o lai k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t hydrogen xanh cho c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n; t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 sang ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o xe m\u00e1y hydrogen \u2013 x\u0103ng sinh h\u1ecdc, ti\u1ebfn t\u1edbi xe m\u00e1y pin nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u hydrogen. \u0110\u1ec1 t\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 mang \u00fd ngh\u0129a khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n, khi g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n x\u1eed l\u00fd r\u00e1c th\u1ea3i, gi\u1ea3m ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i kh\u00ed nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh, ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c cho ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh d\u1eebng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n ch\u1ea1y b\u1eb1ng nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch t\u1eeb n\u0103m 2040, c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a nh\u00f3m GS. B\u00f9i V\u0103n Ga \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng s\u1ebd l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c h\u00f3a cam k\u1ebft Net Zero v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2050. Ngu\u1ed3n: Ph\u00f2ng Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng  ","og_url":"https:\/\/nafosted.gov.vn\/bien-rac-thai-thanh-dien-va-nhien-lieu-sach-huong-di-moi-cho-nong-thon-viet-nam\/","og_site_name":"Qu\u1ef9 Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Qu\u1ed1c gia","article_published_time":"2025-08-26T04:46:42+00:00","article_modified_time":"2025-08-27T10:30:57+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1534,"height":1138,"url":"https:\/\/nafosted.gov.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/anh-2-2.png","type":"image\/png"}],"author":"admin","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft b\u1edfi":"admin","\u01af\u1edbc t\u00ednh th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ecdc":"6 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