{"id":10148,"date":"2025-08-25T06:59:10","date_gmt":"2025-08-24T23:59:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/?p=10148"},"modified":"2026-03-12T10:15:13","modified_gmt":"2026-03-12T03:15:13","slug":"da-dang-di-truyen-bao-ton-va-su-dung-nguon-gen-thuc-vat","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/da-dang-di-truyen-bao-ton-va-su-dung-nguon-gen-thuc-vat\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0110a d\u1ea1ng di truy\u1ec1n, b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ngu\u1ed3n gen th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt"},"content":{"rendered":"

Th\u1eddi gian qua, vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng ngu\u1ed3n gen th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt \u0111ang tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u qu\u1ed1c gia. Ngu\u1ed3n gen th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, l\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 d\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7u m\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu trong vi\u1ec7c duy tr\u00ec s\u1ef1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean. T\u1ea1i Vietnam, v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i phong ph\u00fa v\u00e0 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng, c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n ngu\u1ed3n gen th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng nh\u1eb1m b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean sinh h\u1ecdc qu\u00fd gi\u00e1 v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng.<\/span><\/p>\n

Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a \u0111a d\u1ea1ng di truy\u1ec1n trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt<\/h3>\n

\u0110a d\u1ea1ng di truy\u1ec1n l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t di truy\u1ec1n gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c c\u00e1 th\u1ec3 trong c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t lo\u00e0i ho\u1eb7c gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t lo\u00e0i. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng gi\u00fap c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt th\u00edch nghi v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecbu s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng trong nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n sinh th\u00e1i kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n

Trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c Genetics v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n sinh h\u1ecdc, \u0111a d\u1ea1ng di truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u00e2u d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i sinh v\u1eadt. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt, s\u1ef1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ecdn t\u1ea1o gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng c\u00f3 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t cao, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecbu t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 th\u00edch nghi v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00ed h\u1eadu bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng qu\u1ed1c gia c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt phong ph\u00fa, v\u1edbi h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c ngh\u00ecn lo\u00e0i th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt kh\u00e1c nhau, bao g\u1ed3m nhi\u1ec1u lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c, c\u00e2y d\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 c\u00e2y l\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 sinh th\u00e1i cao.<\/p>\n

Th\u1ef1c tr\u1ea1ng suy gi\u1ea3m ngu\u1ed3n gen th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt<\/h3>\n

M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean sinh h\u1ecdc phong ph\u00fa, nhi\u1ec1u lo\u00e0i th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt t\u1ea1i Vietnam \u0111ang \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi nguy c\u01a1 suy gi\u1ea3m v\u1ec1 qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng di truy\u1ec1n. Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 suy tho\u00e1i c\u1ee7a m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng, khai th\u00e1c t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c v\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ea5t r\u1eebng sang c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u00e0i th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt qu\u00fd hi\u1ebfm nh\u01b0 Panax vietnamensis v\u00e0 Dalbergia cochinchinensis \u0111ang b\u1ecb khai th\u00e1c qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c do gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb kinh t\u1ebf cao. Vi\u1ec7c khai th\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 suy gi\u1ea3m nhanh ch\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, l\u00e0m m\u1ea5t \u0111i ngu\u1ed3n gen qu\u00fd hi\u1ebfm.<\/p>\n

Ngo\u00e0i ra, bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i ngo\u1ea1i lai c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u lo\u00e0i th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n ngu\u1ed3n gen th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt<\/h3>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ngu\u1ed3n gen th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt, nhi\u1ec1u qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u00e3 tri\u1ec3n khai c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n kh\u00e1c nhau. Hai ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ch\u00ednh th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0 b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7 v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n chuy\u1ec3n ch\u1ed7.<\/p>\n

B\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7 l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt ngay trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang, th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp c\u00e1c khu b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean, v\u01b0\u1eddn qu\u1ed1c gia v\u00e0 khu d\u1ef1 tr\u1eef sinh quy\u1ec3n. T\u1ea1i Vietnam, nhi\u1ec1u khu b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp nh\u1eb1m b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 h\u1ec7 th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt \u0111a d\u1ea1ng nh\u01b0 Ho\u00e0ng Li\u00ean National Park v\u00e0 C\u00fac Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng National Park.<\/p>\n

B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n chuy\u1ec3n ch\u1ed7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c v\u01b0\u1eddn th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt, ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng gen v\u00e0 c\u00e1c trung t\u00e2m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u nh\u1eb1m l\u01b0u gi\u1eef h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng, m\u00f4 th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u di truy\u1ec1n kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng gen th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean di truy\u1ec1n, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi cung c\u1ea5p v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u cho nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 ch\u1ecdn t\u1ea1o gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng.<\/p>\n

S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng ngu\u1ed3n gen th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt<\/h3>\n

Ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n, vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u1ee3p l\u00fd v\u00e0 b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng ngu\u1ed3n gen th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt c\u0169ng l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1eb1m ph\u00e1t huy gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean sinh h\u1ecdc. Nhi\u1ec1u ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng ngu\u1ed3n gen b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e2y c\u00f3 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t cao v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u00edch nghi t\u1ed1t v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n

Ngu\u1ed3n gen th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong ng\u00e0nh d\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p sinh h\u1ecdc. Nhi\u1ec1u lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y c\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t ch\u1ea5t sinh h\u1ecdc qu\u00fd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ch\u0103m s\u00f3c s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe.<\/p>\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean, vi\u1ec7c khai th\u00e1c v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ngu\u1ed3n gen c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd nh\u1eb1m tr\u00e1nh t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng khai th\u00e1c qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0m m\u1ea5t \u0111i c\u00e1c qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean.<\/p>\n

Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf<\/h3>\n

Khoa h\u1ecdc c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n ngu\u1ed3n gen th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt. C\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch DNA, nu\u00f4i c\u1ea5y m\u00f4 v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 sinh h\u1ecdc gi\u00fap c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac di truy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt.<\/p>\n

Ngo\u00e0i ra, h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf c\u0169ng g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c chia s\u1ebb th\u00f4ng tin, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc. Nhi\u1ec1u ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c vi\u1ec7n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n v\u00e0 c\u01a1 quan qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec3n khai nh\u1eb1m n\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n ngu\u1ed3n gen th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt.<\/p>\n

H\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n l\u00e2u d\u00e0i<\/h3>\n

Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc \u0111ang b\u1ecb suy gi\u1ea3m tr\u00ean ph\u1ea1m vi to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng ngu\u1ed3n gen th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 l\u00e2u d\u00e0i v\u00e0 mang t\u00ednh chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Vietnam, vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf s\u1ebd l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean sinh h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n

S\u1ef1 tham gia c\u1ee7a c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u0169ng \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c n\u00e2ng cao nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n.<\/p>\n

B\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n \u0111a d\u1ea1ng di truy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n gen th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u00fap b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean qu\u00fd gi\u00e1 m\u00e0 c\u00f2n g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an ninh l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf sinh h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec s\u1ef1 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i cho c\u00e1c th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/p>\n

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Th\u1eddi gian qua, vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng ngu\u1ed3n gen th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt \u0111ang tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u qu\u1ed1c gia. Ngu\u1ed3n gen th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, l\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 d\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7u m\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu […]\n","protected":false},"author":10,"featured_media":6894,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10148"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/10"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10148"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10148\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10692,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10148\/revisions\/10692"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6894"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10148"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=10148"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=10148"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}