{"id":1169,"date":"2023-06-12T14:43:13","date_gmt":"2023-06-12T07:43:13","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/?p=1169"},"modified":"2023-06-12T14:43:13","modified_gmt":"2023-06-12T07:43:13","slug":"nang-cao-hieu-qua-danh-gia-tac-dong-da-dang-sinh-hoc","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/nang-cao-hieu-qua-danh-gia-tac-dong-da-dang-sinh-hoc\/","title":{"rendered":"N\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

\u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh nh\u1eb1m b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc cao<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng qu\u1ed1c gia c\u00f3 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc (\u0110DSH) cao v\u00e0 x\u1ebfp v\u1ecb tr\u00ed th\u1ee9 16 tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. \u0110DSH c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n \u1edf \u0111a d\u1ea1ng c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i sinh v\u1eadt, ngu\u1ed3n gen phong ph\u00fa v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c h\u1eefu.<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c r\u00f5 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a \u0110DSH v\u00e0 vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 trong vi\u1ec7c duy tr\u00ec s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng, sinh k\u1ebf v\u00e0 n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf, th\u1eddi gian qua, Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o c\u00e1c v\u0103n b\u1ea3n Lu\u1eadt nh\u1eefng quy \u0111\u1ecbnh y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00e1c\u00a0d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng x\u1ea5u \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 cao\u00a0v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng x\u1ea5u \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc. N\u1ed9i dung ph\u1ea3i nayc \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh chi ti\u1ebft t\u1ea1i Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ed1 08\/2022\/N\u0110-CP ng\u00e0y 10\/1\/2022 v\u00e0 Th\u00f4ng t\u01b0 s\u1ed1 02\/2022\/TT-BTNMT ng\u00e0y 10\/1\/2022.<\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc\u00a0nh\u1eb1m x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc trong c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng v\u00e0 chia s\u1ebb c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng l\u1ee3i \u00edch \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0110DSH.<\/p>\n

Lu\u1eadt BVMT 2020 c\u0169ng quy \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 n\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee7a b\u00e1o c\u00e1o \u0110TM ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh, \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 h\u1ec7 th\u1ef1c, \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt, xem x\u00e9t \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa sinh v\u1eadt v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i. \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0110DSH \u0111\u1ebfn khu v\u1ef1c, \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i, \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 can thi\u1ec7p v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, b\u00e1o c\u00e1o \u0110TM ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1, nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra; \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 s\u1ef1 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u1edbi quy ho\u1ea1ch BVMT qu\u1ed1c gia, quy ho\u1ea1ch v\u00f9ng, quy ho\u1ea1ch t\u1ec9nh, quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt v\u1ec1 BVMT v\u00e0 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan.<\/p>\n

Theo PGS. TS. L\u00ea Xu\u00e2n C\u1ea3nh – H\u1ed9i B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 Thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng Vi\u1ec7t Nam: So v\u1edbi Lu\u1eadt BVMT 2014, Lu\u1eadt BVMT 2020 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng quy \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, minh b\u1ea1ch theo h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c th\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ecbnh. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, n\u1ed9i dung v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a b\u00e1o c\u00e1o \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh. D\u1ef1a tr\u00ean qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u00e1o c\u00e1o \u0110TM, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 tr\u00ean c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n \u0110DSH v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i di\u1ec7n t\u00edch r\u1eebng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y \u0110TM tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 h\u1eefu \u00edch khi g\u1eafn tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n \u0110DSH.<\/p>\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean, hi\u1ec7n nay\u00a0 c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc c\u00f2n m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf nh\u01b0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u00e1o c\u00e1o c\u00f2n ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0, \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n, lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n, h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng, c\u01a1 quan th\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ecbnh. C\u00f3 nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc ch\u01b0a d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o \u0111\u00fang m\u1ee9c, ch\u01b0a l\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m, ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch cho c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc c\u00f2n h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf, ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 kinh ph\u00ed \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 \u0110DSH.<\/p>\n

C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 \u0110DSH tr\u00ean ph\u1ea1m vi to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c c\u00f2n t\u1ea3n m\u1ea1n, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 v\u00e0 thi\u1ebfu h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. Ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd gi\u1eefa ch\u1ee7 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u00e0 t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n. Nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ch\u1ee7 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u00e3 giao kho\u00e1n, ph\u00f3 m\u1eb7c cho t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc, trong khi tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m ph\u00e1p l\u00fd \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi n\u1ed9i dung b\u00e1o c\u00e1o \u0110TM l\u00e0 thu\u1ed9c ch\u1ee7 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n.<\/p>\n

Ngo\u00e0i ra, Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u0169ng ch\u01b0a \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ea5p Ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 h\u00e0nh ngh\u1ec1 t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n \u0110TM v\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u1edbi kho\u1ea3ng 80% c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 chuy\u00ean gia v\u1ec1 \u0110DSH tham gia.<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eb1m t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc, theo PGS. TS. L\u00ea Xu\u00e2n C\u1ea3nh, trong th\u1eddi gian t\u1edbi, Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u1ea7n ban h\u00e0nh h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt chi ti\u1ebft cho \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc trong \u0110TM \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0, c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng b\u00e1o c\u00e1o \u0110TM v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan c\u00f3 th\u1ea9m quy\u1ec1n th\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f3 c\u01a1 s\u1edf tri\u1ec3n khai th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n. Ban h\u00e0nh b\u1ed9 ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc qu\u1ed1c gia l\u00e0m c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u1ec3 thu th\u1eadp s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u, \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00f4ng qua so s\u00e1nh m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc so v\u1edbi hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n D\u1ef1 \u00e1n.<\/p>\n

B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 n\u1ed9i dung tham v\u1ea5n c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1ec1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc trong c\u00e1c b\u00e1o c\u00e1o \u0110TM v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n thu th\u1eadp th\u00f4ng tin, ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ec1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc. H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ri\u00eang trong c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc. M\u1edf nhi\u1ec1u l\u1edbp t\u1eadp hu\u1ea5n li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc, h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ed3ng gh\u00e9p \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc trong \u0110TM, c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc, n\u1ed9i dung th\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc l\u1ed3ng gh\u00e9p trong \u0110TM.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh nh\u1eb1m b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 […]\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1170,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[16],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1169"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1169"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1169\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1171,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1169\/revisions\/1171"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1170"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1169"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1169"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1169"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}