{"id":1207,"date":"2015-10-15T08:05:30","date_gmt":"2015-10-15T01:05:30","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/antoansinhhoc.vn\/?p=1207"},"modified":"2015-10-15T08:05:30","modified_gmt":"2015-10-15T01:05:30","slug":"vi-khuan-bien-doi-gen-day-manh-san-xuat-nhien-lieu-isobutanol","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/vi-khuan-bien-doi-gen-day-manh-san-xuat-nhien-lieu-isobutanol\/","title":{"rendered":"Vi khu\u1ea9n bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gen \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u isobutanol"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"TomTat clearfix\">\n<p>Tr\u1edf ng\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u sinh h\u1ecdc s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u1eeb c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n kh\u00e1c ngo\u00e0i ng\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ebfn 10 l\u1ea7n nh\u1edd v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gen vi khu\u1ea9n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng isobutanol.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"NoiDungBai\">\n<div>Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u1ee7a Trung t\u00e2m Khoa h\u1ecdc n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng sinh h\u1ecdc (BioEnergy Science Center &#8211; BESC) thu\u1ed9c B\u1ed9 N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Hoa K\u1ef3, c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 tr\u00ean T\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Metabolic Engineering d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u1eeb n\u0103m 2011, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u b\u00e1o c\u00e1o v\u1ec1 lo\u1ea1i vi khu\u1ea9n bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gen \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t isobutanol tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp t\u1eeb xenlul\u00f4.<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>Isobutanol \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn do c\u00f3 m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 octan r\u1ea5t g\u1ea7n v\u1edbi x\u0103ng v\u00e0 n\u00f3 r\u1ea5t h\u1eefu \u00edch kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 v\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay th\u1ebf tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp cho x\u0103ng m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ngu\u1ed3n nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t cho m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m kh\u00e1c nhau. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, isobutanol c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng b\u1eadc h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng hydrocacbon t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 ph\u1ea3n l\u1ef1c.<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>Trong khi c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u BESC t\u1ea1i Ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m Qu\u1ed1c gia Oak Ridge thu\u1ed9c B\u1ed9 N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc California t\u1ea1i Los Angeles (UCLA) c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a quan tr\u1ecdng d\u01b0\u1edbi g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ed9 ki\u1ec3m nghi\u1ec7m nguy\u00ean l\u00fd, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u m\u1edbi n\u00e0y mang l\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i \u00edch to l\u1edbn.<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>Theo \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u James Liao thu\u1ed9c Tr\u01b0\u1eddng khoa h\u1ecdc \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt Henry Samueli, UCLA cho bi\u1ebft, trong ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y b\u1ed1n n\u0103m, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u1ea1i UCLA v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u Yongchao Li, Yunfeng Yang t\u1ea1i Ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m qu\u1ed1c gia Oak Rigde \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gen ch\u1ee7ng Clostridium cellulolyticum, m\u1ed9t vi khu\u1ea9n b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y xenlul\u00f4 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p isobutanol tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp t\u1eeb xenlul\u00f4. Clostridium celluloyticium l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t vi sinh v\u1eadt \u00edt ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n t\u1eeb g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ed9 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a. Gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y, h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 \u1edf vi khu\u1ea9n Clostridium thermocellum cho n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t cao h\u01a1n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u, v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p x\u1eed l\u00fd sinh h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 (consolidated bioprocessing).<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p x\u1eed l\u00fd sinh h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh sinh h\u1ecdc trung gian trong m\u1ed9t vi khu\u1ea9n duy nh\u1ea5t, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 tri\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eeb xenlul\u00f4 th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00e0nh nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u sinh h\u1ecdc. C\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u01b0\u1edbc &#8211; ti\u1ec1n x\u1eed l\u00fd, x\u1eed l\u00fd enzyme v\u00e0 l\u00ean men &#8211; \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u sinh h\u1ecdc v\u1edbi chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n.<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y c\u0169ng gi\u00fap v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng (kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y), hay s\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc. T\u00ednh b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n kinh t\u1ebf ch\u00ednh trong vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng sinh kh\u1ed1i lignocellulose nh\u01b0 th\u00e2n c\u00e2y ng\u00f4 v\u00e0 c\u1ecf switchgrass (gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 c\u1ecf may) l\u00e0m nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u sinh h\u1ecdc.<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>Trong khi lo\u1ea1i vi khu\u1ea9n bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gen tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i l\u00e0 0,6 gram isobutanol m\u1ed7i l\u00edt, th\u00ec lo\u1ea1i Clostridium thermocellum t\u1ea1o ra 5-6 gram m\u1ed7i l\u00edt. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch g\u1eafn ch\u00e8n n\u0103m gen v\u00e0o vi khu\u1ea9n, t\u1ea1o cho n\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p isobutanol. \u0110\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 v\u01b0\u1ee3t b\u1eadc so v\u1edbi chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng men \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u sinh h\u1ecdc t\u1eeb xenlul\u00f4.<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>Ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u00e0y, nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u BESC \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn g\u1ea7n h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p l\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01a1n 20 gram m\u1ed7i l\u00edt nh\u1edd v\u00e0o th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i vi khu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ee7 cao \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m h\u1ecfng c\u00e1c th\u00f9ng l\u00ean men vi sinh v\u00e0 can thi\u1ec7p v\u00e0o qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Tr\u1edf ng\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u sinh h\u1ecdc s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u1eeb c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n kh\u00e1c ngo\u00e0i ng\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ebfn 10 l\u1ea7n nh\u1edd v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gen vi khu\u1ea9n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng isobutanol. Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u1ee7a Trung t\u00e2m Khoa h\u1ecdc n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng sinh h\u1ecdc [&#8230;]\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6312,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[87],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1207"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1207"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1207\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6312"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1207"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1207"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1207"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}