{"id":1410,"date":"2012-04-11T08:44:49","date_gmt":"2012-04-11T01:44:49","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/antoansinhhoc.vn\/?p=1410"},"modified":"2012-04-11T08:44:49","modified_gmt":"2012-04-11T01:44:49","slug":"ung-dung-cay-trong-bien-doi-gien-o-nuoc-ta","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/ung-dung-cay-trong-bien-doi-gien-o-nuoc-ta\/","title":{"rendered":"\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gien \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ta"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"TomTat clearfix\">\n<p>S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gien (CTB\u0110G) \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i h\u00f3a t\u1ea1i h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c qu\u1ed1c gia tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y h\u01a1n 10 n\u0103m. Song, \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ta, hi\u1ec7n v\u1eabn \u0111ang l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 th\u1eddi s\u1ef1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc b\u00e0n th\u1ea3o, tranh c\u00e3i&#8230;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"NoiDungBai\">\n<p>C\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gien, theo c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia sinh h\u1ecdc qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n gien h\u1eefu \u00edch b\u1eb1ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt di truy\u1ec1n. Gien l\u1ea1 c\u00f3 \u00edch n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1ch chi\u1ebft t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t sinh v\u1eadt, ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o t\u1ebf b\u00e0o c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p chuy\u1ec3n gien tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp hay gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh theo mong mu\u1ed1n (nh\u01b0 kh\u00e1ng s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh, ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecbu thu\u1ed1c di\u1ec7t c\u1ecf&#8230;). CTB\u0110G \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nh\u01b0 M\u1ef9, v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00e2u \u1ea4u nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng t\u1eeb cu\u1ed1i nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 80, v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i h\u00f3a gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c n\u0103m 90 c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 tr\u01b0\u1edbc. \u0110\u1ebfn nay, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 g\u1ea7n 30 qu\u1ed1c gia tri\u1ec3n khai s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t CTB\u0110G. Cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 2010, di\u1ec7n t\u00edch CTB\u0110G tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u00e3 l\u00ean g\u1ea7n 150 tri\u1ec7u ha, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 \u0111\u1eadu t\u01b0\u01a1ng (chi\u1ebfm 51,7%) ng\u00f4 (h\u01a1n 30%), b\u00f4ng (h\u01a1n 9%), sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u1ea3i d\u1ea7u, khoai t\u00e2y. T\u1ea1i ch\u00e2u \u00c1, c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u01b0 \u1ea6n \u0110\u1ed9, Trung Qu\u1ed1c, Pa-ki-xtan, Phi-li-pin c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 tham gia v\u00e0o qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y. \u1ede n\u01b0\u1edbc ta, theo PGS. TS L\u00ea Huy H\u00e0m, Vi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1edfng Di truy\u1ec1n n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, n\u0103m 2007, Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1edbi c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng CTB\u0110G. M\u1ea5y n\u0103m qua, b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u00fang ta kh\u1ea3o nghi\u1ec7m CTB\u0110G c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng ng\u00f4 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gen c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty: Syngenta Vi\u1ec7t Nam, Dekalb Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 Pioneer Hi-bred Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf kh\u1ea3o nghi\u1ec7m \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u00f9ng nh\u01b0 V\u0129nh Ph\u00fac, H\u01b0ng Y\u00ean, \u0110\u1eafc L\u1eafc, \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0: C\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng ng\u00f4 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gien cho n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t cao h\u01a1n 30% so v\u1edbi gi\u1ed1ng ng\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng; kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecbu s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh, thu\u1ed1c di\u1ec7t c\u1ecf c\u0169ng cao h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng ng\u00f4 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n<p>T\u1ea1i H\u1ed9i th\u1ea3o CTB\u0110G t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam, do Li\u00ean hi\u1ec7p c\u00e1c h\u1ed9i khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt Vi\u1ec7t Nam ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p B\u1ed9 N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u1eeba qua,\u00a0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc cho r\u1eb1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc ta n\u00ean s\u1edbm \u0111\u01b0a CTB\u0110G v\u00e0o s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng h\u1eb1ng n\u0103m ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u ba, b\u1ed1n tri\u1ec7u t\u1ea5n ng\u00f4 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eadu t\u01b0\u01a1ng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gien t\u1eeb n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i l\u00e0m th\u1ee9c \u0103n ch\u0103n nu\u00f4i. Tuy nhi\u00ean, kh\u00f4ng \u00edt \u00fd ki\u1ebfn b\u0103n kho\u0103n, nghi ng\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t ra. Nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd xoay quanh: Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0a c\u00e2y ng\u00f4 chuy\u1ec3n gien v\u00e0o tr\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ea1i tr\u00e0 \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1eeb n\u0103m 2012 c\u00f3 s\u1edbm qu\u00e1 kh\u00f4ng? S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t CTB\u0110G s\u1ebd \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ebf n\u00e0o t\u1edbi an ninh l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c, t\u1edbi cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n n\u01b0\u1edbc ta? V\u00ec sao ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng khai th\u00e1c h\u1ebft th\u1ebf m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng l\u00e2u nay c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u nh\u01b0 g\u1ea1o, c\u00e0-ph\u00ea, \u0111i\u1ec1u, c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i hoa qu\u1ea3&#8230; \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y ti\u1ec1n nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u00f2n thi\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 ng\u00f4, \u0111\u1eadu t\u01b0\u01a1ng, b\u00f4ng? CTB\u0110G li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe con ng\u01b0\u1eddi?&#8230; M\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t ra, v\u00ec xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, vi\u1ec7c kh\u1ea3o nghi\u1ec7m CTB\u0110G c\u1ee7a ta m\u1edbi \u1edf ph\u1ea1m vi h\u1eb9p, th\u1eddi gian ch\u01b0a d\u00e0i; theo \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gien \u1edf ta c\u00f2n h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf; vi\u1ec7c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, ki\u1ec3m ch\u1ee9ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n c\u1ee7a CTB\u0110G \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe con ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u01b0a l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao nhi\u00eau. V\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta c\u00f2n thi\u1ebfu h\u00e0nh lang ph\u00e1p l\u00fd cho CTB\u0110G. Th\u00e1ng 7-2007, Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 k\u00fd quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t &#8220;\u0110\u1ec1 \u00e1n t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd an to\u00e0n sinh h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi sinh v\u1eadt bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gien v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1eeb sinh v\u1eadt bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gien&#8221;. \u0110\u1ec1 \u00e1n t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5: X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u0103n b\u1ea3n quy ph\u1ea1m ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt, c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf, ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch v\u1ec1 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd an to\u00e0n sinh h\u1ecdc CTB\u0110G, n\u00e2ng cao nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1ec1 an to\u00e0n sinh h\u1ecdc&#8230; Nh\u01b0ng vi\u1ec7c tri\u1ec3n khai x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf ph\u00e1p l\u00fd cho l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y c\u00f2n qu\u00e1 ch\u1eadm. Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh 69\/2010\/N\u0110-CP v\u1ec1 an to\u00e0n sinh h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi sinh v\u1eadt bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gien m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ban h\u00e0nh t\u1eeb gi\u1eefa n\u0103m 2010, kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian c\u00f2n ng\u1eafn \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh. M\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh nh\u01b0: C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c b\u1ed9, ng\u00e0nh li\u00ean quan (N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n, T\u00e0i nguy\u00ean v\u00e0 M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, Khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7); h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n sinh v\u1eadt bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gien; x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nguy c\u01a1 ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m CTB\u0110G; Thanh tra, gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, kinh doanh, xu\u1ea5t nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1eeb sinh v\u1eadt bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gien&#8230;<\/p>\n<p>CTB\u0110G l\u00e0 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 cao, ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, l\u1ea1i m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ta trong m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn. M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c \u0111\u00e2y v\u1eabn l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi b\u00e0n lu\u1eadn, tranh c\u00e3i, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng r\u1ee7i ro c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111ang ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u. Cho n\u00ean th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u0103m 2012 hay 2015 \u0111\u01b0a c\u00e2y ng\u00f4 ho\u1eb7c c\u00e2y b\u00f4ng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gien v\u00e0o s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea1i tr\u00e0 \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ta kh\u00f4ng quan tr\u1ecdng, \u0111i\u1ec1u gi\u1edbi khoa h\u1ecdc c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd quan t\u00e2m, x\u00fac ti\u1ebfn l\u00e0 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u1ec1 CTB\u0110G c\u1ee7a ta \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c n\u00e0o? Nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i \u00edch v\u00e0 m\u1eb7t tr\u00e1i c\u1ee7a CTB\u0110G \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe con ng\u01b0\u1eddi? \u0110\u00e2u l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh lang ph\u00e1p l\u00fd cho CTB\u0110G \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ta?&#8230; Gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 tr\u00ean, th\u00ec vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0a CTB\u0110G v\u00e0o s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea1i tr\u00e0 tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n m\u1edbi c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. B\u1edfi l\u1ebd, sau h\u01a1n 20 n\u0103m \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00e2y l\u00faa lai, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 t\u1ea1o gi\u1ed1ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn 10 gi\u1ed1ng l\u00faa lai t\u1ef1 t\u1ea1o (\u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kho\u1ea3ng 20% nhu c\u1ea7u trong n\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00f2n 80% v\u1eabn ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i).<\/p>\n<p>Theo\u00a0 www.nhandan.org.vn<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gien (CTB\u0110G) \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i h\u00f3a t\u1ea1i h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c qu\u1ed1c gia tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y h\u01a1n 10 n\u0103m. Song, \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ta, hi\u1ec7n v\u1eabn \u0111ang l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 th\u1eddi s\u1ef1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc b\u00e0n th\u1ea3o, tranh c\u00e3i&#8230; &nbsp; C\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gien, theo c\u00e1c [&#8230;]\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6079,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[86],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1410"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1410"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1410\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6079"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1410"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1410"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1410"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}