{"id":1988,"date":"2013-07-17T02:42:18","date_gmt":"2013-07-16T19:42:18","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/antoansinhhoc.vn\/?p=1988"},"modified":"2013-07-17T02:42:18","modified_gmt":"2013-07-16T19:42:18","slug":"cac-nha-nghien-cuu-thiet-ke-vach-te-bao-thuc-vat-de-lam-tang-san-luong-duong-cho-san-xuat-nhien-lieu-sinh-hoc","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/cac-nha-nghien-cuu-thiet-ke-vach-te-bao-thuc-vat-de-lam-tang-san-luong-duong-cho-san-xuat-nhien-lieu-sinh-hoc\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e1ch t\u1ebf b\u00e0o th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cho s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u sinh h\u1ecdc"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Sinh kh\u1ed1i lignocellulose l\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u h\u1eefu c\u01a1 phong ph\u00fa nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t. N\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m th\u1ee9c \u0103n gia s\u00fac trong h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0n n\u0103m, v\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p gi\u1ea5y trong hai th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 v\u1eeba qua.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u0103ng ng\u00e0y\u00a017-07-2013\u00a0trong chuy\u00ean m\u1ee5c\u00a0Tin th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/a><\/p>\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean, ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean phong ph\u00fa n\u00e0y c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u sinh h\u1ecdc ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn, b\u1ed5 sung ho\u1eb7c thay th\u1ebf nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 mang \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y l\u00e0 t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch l\u00e0m t\u0103ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 chi ph\u00ed chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y. C\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 n\u00e0y \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1edfi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7n N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng sinh h\u1ecdc (JBEI) c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Hoa K\u1ef3 (DOE).<\/p>\n

“Th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a sinh h\u1ecdc t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u00e2y kh\u1ecfe m\u1ea1nh m\u00e0 sinh kh\u1ed1i lignocellulose c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n cho s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u sinh h\u1ecdc,” Dominique Loque, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e1ch t\u1ebf b\u00e0o cho Ph\u00f2ng nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a JBEI, n\u00f3i. “L\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi c\u00e2y m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh,\u00a0Arabidopsis<\/em>, nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 tr\u00ecnh di\u1ec5n, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i di truy\u1ec1n v\u00e1ch t\u1ebf b\u00e0o th\u1ee9 c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m s\u1ef1 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a lignin trong khi t\u0103ng s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u.”<\/p>\n

JBEI l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c khoa h\u1ecdc, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1edfi Ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m qu\u1ed1c gia Lawrence Berkeley (Berkeley Lab), c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u sinh h\u1ecdc th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 ti\u1ebfp theo nh\u1eb1m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p cho qu\u1ed1c gia ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o, s\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 xanh, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra c\u00f4ng \u0103n vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m v\u00e0 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf. Loque v\u00e0 nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m t\u00ednh c\u1ee9ng r\u1eafn t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean c\u1ee7a t\u1ebf b\u00e0o th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 thu nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. Kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng tinh b\u1ed9t \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n trong b\u1eafp v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ng\u0169 c\u1ed1c kh\u00e1c, c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng polysaccharide ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p trong v\u00e1ch t\u1ebf b\u00e0o th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt \u0111ang b\u1ecb kh\u00f3a trong m\u1ed9t polymer th\u01a1m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 lignin. Vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ef1 do n\u00e0y t\u1eeb b\u1ed9 khung lignin c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang \u0111oi h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eaft ti\u1ec1n v\u00e0 kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao, m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ea9y chi ph\u00ed s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u sinh h\u1ecdc t\u0103ng cao qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n

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C\u00e2y Arabidopsis bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gen (# 89) t\u1ea1o ra sinh kh\u1ed1i nh\u01b0 c\u00e2y hoang d\u1ea1i (WT) nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00edch l\u0169y polysaccharide trong v\u00e1ch t\u1ebf b\u00e0o (\u1ea2nh: JBEI).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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“B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch g\u1eafn v\u00e0o c\u00e1c polyme polysaccharide v\u00e0 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn v\u1edbi c\u00e1c enzym th\u1ee7y ph\u00e2n, lignin l\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p ch\u00ednh cho t\u00ednh c\u1ee9ng r\u1eafn c\u1ee7a v\u00e1ch t\u1ebf b\u00e0o,” Loque n\u00f3i. “Th\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng may, h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng lignin trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t sinh kh\u1ed1i nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 m\u1ea5t t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n c\u1ee7a m\u00f4 m\u1ea1ch, m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i m\u00f4 ch\u00ednh ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng t\u1eeb g\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t.”<\/p>\n

Lignin c\u0169ng \u0111\u1eb7t ra v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c nghi\u1ec1n th\u1ee9c \u0103n cho gia s\u00fac. \u0110\u1ec3 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 lignin, Loque v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a sinh t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p lignin v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t v\u00f2ng ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i d\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00ednh nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o (artificial positive feedback loop-APFL) \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng s\u1ef1 sinh t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p v\u00e1ch t\u1ebf b\u00e0o th\u1ee9 c\u1ea5p trong m\u00f4 chuy\u00ean bi\u1ec7t. \u00dd t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e0 nh\u1eb1m l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m t\u00ednh c\u1ee9ng r\u1eafn c\u1ee7a t\u1ebf b\u00e0o v\u00e0 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng polysaccharide m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y.<\/p>\n

“Khi ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng APFL v\u1edbi c\u00e2y Arabidopsis \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 vi\u1ec7c sinh t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p lignin b\u1ecb t\u00e1ch kh\u1ecfi m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a v\u00e1ch t\u1ebf th\u1ee9 c\u1ea5p d\u1ea1ng s\u1ee3i, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 duy tr\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ch d\u1eabn v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng c\u00e2y kh\u1ecfe m\u1ea1nh v\u1edbi h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng lignin gi\u1ea3m v\u00e0 t\u0103ng s\u1ef1 t\u00edch l\u0169y polysaccharide trong v\u00e1ch t\u1ebf b\u00e0o, “Loque n\u00f3i. “Sau nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n ti\u1ec1n x\u1eed l\u00fd, c\u00e1c c\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf n\u00e0y c\u00f3 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 th\u1ee7y ph\u00e2n enzyme \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi c\u00e2y hoang d\u1ea1i.”<\/p>\n

Loque v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1 tin r\u1eb1ng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c APFL h\u1ecd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng s\u1ef1 t\u00edch l\u0169y polysaccharide trong m\u00f4 s\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y Arabidopsis c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nhanh ch\u00f3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0o c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt c\u00f3 m\u1ea1ch kh\u00e1c. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e1ch t\u1ebf b\u00e0o v\u00ec l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p xay x\u00e1t v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u1ee9c \u0103n gia s\u00fac c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u1ec1 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng sinh h\u1ecdc. N\u00f3 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a th\u00e2n c\u00e2y ng\u0169 c\u1ed1c, l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m di\u1ec7n t\u00edch tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 th\u1ea5t tho\u00e1t h\u1ea1t. Do m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 sinh t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p v\u00e1ch t\u1ebf b\u00e0o th\u1ee9 c\u1ea5p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n cao qua qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i lignin c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

Ngu\u1ed3n: Sciencedaily<\/p>\n

http:\/\/www.sciencedaily.com\/releases\/2013\/03\/130329161247.htm<\/p>\n

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Sinh kh\u1ed1i lignocellulose l\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u h\u1eefu c\u01a1 phong ph\u00fa nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t. N\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m th\u1ee9c \u0103n gia s\u00fac trong h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0n n\u0103m, v\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p gi\u1ea5y trong hai th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 v\u1eeba qua. \u0110\u0103ng ng\u00e0y\u00a017-07-2013\u00a0trong chuy\u00ean m\u1ee5c\u00a0Tin th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi Tuy nhi\u00ean, ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i […]\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6421,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[87],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1988"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1988"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1988\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6421"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1988"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1988"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1988"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}