{"id":5913,"date":"2014-10-06T04:26:46","date_gmt":"2014-10-05T21:26:46","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/antoansinhhoc.vn\/?p=766"},"modified":"2014-10-06T04:26:46","modified_gmt":"2014-10-05T21:26:46","slug":"vien-nghien-cuu-ngo-nghien-cuu-thanh-cong-chuyen-gen-chiu-han-vao-cay-ngo","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/vien-nghien-cuu-ngo-nghien-cuu-thanh-cong-chuyen-gen-chiu-han-vao-cay-ngo\/","title":{"rendered":"Vi\u1ec7n Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u Ng\u00f4 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng chuy\u1ec3n gen ch\u1ecbu h\u1ea1n v\u00e0o c\u00e2y ng\u00f4"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Vi\u1ec7c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 chuy\u1ec3n gen ch\u1ecbu h\u1ea1n v\u00e0o c\u00e2y ng\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edf ra b\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u1eb7t quan tr\u1ecdng cho ng\u00e0nh n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

Sau h\u01a1n 2 n\u0103m tri\u1ec3n khai \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i \u201cNghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u chuy\u1ec3n gen n\u00e2ng cao t\u00ednh ch\u1ecbu h\u1ea1n v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 d\u00f2ng ng\u00f4 b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng trong SX\u201d, Vi\u1ec7n Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u Ng\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ngu\u1ed3n v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 chuy\u1ec3n gen; h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n gen; x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n quy tr\u00ecnh bi\u1ebfn n\u1ea1p th\u00f4ng qua vi khu\u1ea9n\u00a0Agrobacterium<\/em>, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 c\u00e1c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 ng\u00f4 chuy\u1ec3n gen \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c SX tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ed3ng ru\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n

Hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, Vi\u1ec7n Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u Ng\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy tr\u00ecnh t\u00e1i sinh v\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 4 d\u00f2ng ng\u00f4 thu\u1ea7n c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00e1i sinh c\u00e2y r\u1ea5t cao ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho c\u00e1c th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m chuy\u1ec3n gen. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng d\u00f2ng ng\u00f4 b\u1ed1, m\u1eb9 \u0111ang tham gia v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 gi\u1ed1ng ng\u00f4 tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n

Quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t, Vi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 chuy\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng ba gen ch\u1ecbu h\u1ea1n b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p chuy\u1ec3n gen th\u00f4ng qua vi khu\u1ea9n v\u00e0o ba ngu\u1ed3n v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ng\u00f4 c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Ba gen ch\u1ecbu h\u1ea1n n\u00e0y g\u1ed3m DREB2A, HVA1 v\u00e0 CspB, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Vi\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n l\u1eadp th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng t\u1eeb c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean t\u1ea1i\u00a0Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Trong ba gen tr\u00ean, DREB2A v\u00e0 HVA1 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c gen c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu h\u1ea1n v\u00e0 ch\u1ecbu m\u1eb7n, c\u00f2n CspB l\u00e0 gen c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu n\u00f3ng, c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u1ee5 ph\u1ea5n c\u1ee7a ng\u00f4 trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u nh\u1eadn gen, trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n l\u1edbn b\u1edfi t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 t\u00e1i sinh th\u00f4ng qua nu\u00f4i c\u1ea5y ph\u00f4i non c\u1ee7a ng\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng r\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p. Tuy nhi\u00ean, qua qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh d\u00e0y c\u00f4ng ch\u1ecdn t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi tr\u00ean 1.300 d\u00f2ng ng\u00f4 trong n\u01b0\u1edbc, Vi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 8 d\u00f2ng ng\u00f4 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00e1i sinh r\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t th\u00f4ng qua nu\u00f4i c\u1ea5y ph\u00f4i non, trong \u0111\u00f3 4 d\u00f2ng c\u00f3 t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 t\u00e1i sinh r\u1ea5t cao. \u0110\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng ng\u00f4 thu\u1ea7n l\u00e0 b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng ng\u00f4 lai c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7n Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u Ng\u00f4.<\/p>\n

C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi 8 d\u00f2ng ng\u00f4 tri\u1ec3n khai nu\u00f4i c\u1ea5y ph\u00f4i non, t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 t\u1ea1o m\u00f4 s\u1eb9o (callus) \u0111\u1ea1t trung b\u00ecnh g\u1ea7n 32%, cao nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea1t tr\u00ean 70%; t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 c\u00e2y t\u00e1i sinh \u0111\u1ea1t tr\u00ean 21%, cao nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea1t tr\u00ean 30%; t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 t\u1ea1o c\u00e2y ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ea1t g\u1ea7n 25%, cao nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea1t g\u1ea7n 70%. Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc d\u00f2ng nu\u00f4i c\u1ea5y ph\u00f4i, Vi\u1ec7n c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n nu\u00f4i c\u1ea5y…<\/p>\n

Sau khi c\u00f3 c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u gen cho v\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 4 d\u00f2ng ng\u00f4 c\u00f3 t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 t\u00e1i sinh cao nh\u1ea5t, ph\u00f4i non c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu ho\u1ea1ch sau th\u1ee5 ph\u1ea5n 12 ng\u00e0y, sau \u0111\u00f3 nu\u00f4i c\u1ea5y trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00eam 7 ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o m\u00f4 s\u1eb9o nh\u1eb1m s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m m\u00f4 \u0111\u00edch \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m v\u1edbi vi khu\u1ea9n\u00a0Agrobacterium<\/em>\u00a0(c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7ngAgrobacterium<\/em>\u00a0t\u00e1i t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p mang c\u00e1c vector pCAMBIA1300 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac gen Act1+HVA1, Ubi+DREB2A v\u00e0 35S+modiCspB).<\/p>\n

K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh bi\u1ebfn n\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a 3 gen ch\u1ecbu h\u1ea1n v\u00e0o v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u l\u00e0 m\u00f4 s\u1eb9o nh\u1eadn gen th\u00f4ng qua vi khu\u1ea9n\u00a0Agrobacterium<\/em>\u0111\u00e3 cho k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 kh\u1ea3 quan. C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3: T\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 m\u00f4 t\u00e1i sinh th\u00e0nh c\u00e2y ng\u00f4 th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 T0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi gen ZmDREB2A \u0111\u1ea1t trung b\u00ecnh tr\u00ean 12%; gen Gene HVA1 \u0111\u1ea1t trung b\u00ecnh 13,6% v\u00e0 gen CspB \u0111\u1ea1t 10,7%.<\/p>\n

Ki\u1ec3m tra b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p PCR (gi\u1ea3i tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 gen) \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u00f4 \u1edf th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 T0 \u0111\u00e3 cho th\u1ea5y k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd khi t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 c\u00e2y th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 T0 mang c\u00e1c gen ch\u1ecbu h\u1ea1n r\u1ea5t cao, \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1eeb 70% \u0111\u1ebfn x\u1ea5p x\u1ec9 80%. Trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c c\u00e2y th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 T0 mang gen ch\u1ecbu h\u1ea1n, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 t\u1eeb 5 \u2013 7% s\u1ed1 c\u00e2y mang h\u1eefu th\u1ee5 (t\u1ef1 th\u1ee5 ph\u1ea5n th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng khi tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh). Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady t\u00ednh trung b\u00ecnh, h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 bi\u1ebfn n\u1ea1p \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c gen ch\u1ecbu h\u1ea1n \u1edf th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 T0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t 0,67% (trung b\u00ecnh 1.000 c\u00e2y mang c\u00e1c gen ch\u1ecbu h\u1ea1n, c\u00f3 6,7 c\u00e2y h\u1eefu th\u1ee5).<\/p>\n

K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 n\u00e0y ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf, Vi\u1ec7n Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u Ng\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 chuy\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng 3 gen ch\u1ecbu h\u1ea1n DREB2A, HVA1 v\u00e0 CspB v\u00e0o c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ng\u00f4 t\u1ea1i\u00a0Vi\u1ec7t Nam, v\u1edbi t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 chuy\u1ec3n gen cu\u0309a c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1eeb 0.28-1.27%.<\/p>\n

Ngu\u1ed3n c\u00e2y chuy\u1ec3n gen th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 T0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gieo tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 th\u00eam t\u00ednh \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c gen \u1edf th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 T1, T2 v\u00e0 T3. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 cho th\u1ea5y, gen \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5y v\u00e0o ng\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 c\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng c\u00f3 t\u00ednh \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh. C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 \u1edf th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 T1, t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 c\u00e2y mang gen chuy\u1ec3n ch\u1ecbu h\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea1t trung b\u00ecnh t\u1eeb 75-80%; \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 T2 v\u00e0 T3, t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 n\u00e2ng l\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1t trung b\u00ecnh t\u1eeb 99,1% \u0111\u1ebfn 99,7%. Theo Vi\u1ec7n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u Ng\u00f4, t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 n\u00e0y cho th\u1ea5y ng\u00f4 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n gen ch\u1ecbu h\u1ea1n \u1edf th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 th\u1ee9 2 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh theo c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf hi\u1ec7n nay.<\/p>\n

C\u0169ng theo th\u00f4ng tin t\u1eeb Vi\u1ec7n Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ng\u00f4, t\u1eeb ngu\u1ed3n c\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 chuy\u1ec3n gen th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng, Vi\u1ec7n Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u Ng\u00f4 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh lai th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m 21 c\u1eb7p lai c\u00f3 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n b\u1ed1\/m\u1eb9 mang gen chuy\u1ec3n. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 15 c\u1eb7p \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tr\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u1ed7 cho th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 9 c\u1eb7p c\u00f3 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t so v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed1i ch\u1ee9ng v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00ednh tr\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng theo h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n nh\u01b0: Chi\u1ec1u cao c\u00e2y cao h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed1i ch\u1ee9ng; di\u1ec7n t\u00edch l\u00e1 tr\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u1ed7 l\u1edbn h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed1i ch\u1ee9ng; th\u1eddi gian sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n s\u1edbm h\u01a1n; \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh th\u00e2n to h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed1i ch\u1ee9ng…<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u1eb7p n\u00e0o c\u00f3 t\u00ednh tr\u1ea1ng x\u1ea5u h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed1i ch\u1ee9ng.\u00a0\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho th\u1ea5y, ng\u00f4 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n gen kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m m\u1ea5t \u0111i t\u00ednh tr\u1ea1ng ban \u0111\u1ea7u, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n khi\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00ednh tr\u1ea1ng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

V\u1edbi nh\u1eefng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean, \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 chuy\u1ec3n gen ch\u1ecbu h\u1ea1n v\u00e0o ng\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Vi\u1ec7n Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u Ng\u00f4 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft th\u1eddi gian t\u1edbi, Vi\u1ec7n Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u Ng\u00f4 s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea7n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 chuy\u1ec3n gen nh\u01b0: Ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu h\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng chuy\u1ec3n gen b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p g\u00e2y nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o; ki\u1ec3m tra kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p protein c\u1ee7a t\u1ebf b\u00e0o…<\/p>\n

Theo Ph\u00f2ng Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ngu\u1ed3n gen v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n sinh h\u1ecdc,<\/p>\n

C\u1ee5c B\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Vi\u1ec7c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 chuy\u1ec3n gen ch\u1ecbu h\u1ea1n v\u00e0o c\u00e2y ng\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edf ra b\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u1eb7t quan tr\u1ecdng cho ng\u00e0nh n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t Nam.   Sau h\u01a1n 2 n\u0103m tri\u1ec3n khai \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i \u201cNghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u chuy\u1ec3n gen n\u00e2ng cao t\u00ednh ch\u1ecbu h\u1ea1n v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 d\u00f2ng ng\u00f4 b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p […]\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":5901,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[86],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5913"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5913"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5913\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5901"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5913"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5913"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5913"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}