{"id":5958,"date":"2014-02-13T06:53:53","date_gmt":"2014-02-12T23:53:53","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/antoansinhhoc.vn\/?p=929"},"modified":"2014-02-13T06:53:53","modified_gmt":"2014-02-12T23:53:53","slug":"phat-trien-cay-trong-bien-doi-gen-nhin-tu-philippines","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/phat-trien-cay-trong-bien-doi-gen-nhin-tu-philippines\/","title":{"rendered":"Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gen: Nh\u00ecn t\u1eeb Philippines"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Cho \u0111\u1ebfn nay, Phillipines \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh h\u01a1n 10 n\u0103m th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i h\u00f3a c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gen. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n ban \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e3 qua, n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 tin t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng m\u1edbi, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mang \u0111\u1ebfn \u1ea5m no, h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac.<\/p>\n

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H\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh gian nan<\/b><\/span><\/div>\n
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C\u00f2n nh\u1edb, khi Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Philippines ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0a gi\u1ed1ng ng\u00f4 chuy\u1ec3n gen kh\u00e1ng s\u00e2u Bt v\u00e0o s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c tranh lu\u1eadn, nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c bi\u1ec3u t\u00ecnh gay g\u1eaft n\u1ed5 ra. Nh\u01b0ng b\u00e2y gi\u1edd, nh\u1eefng tranh c\u00e3i, nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c bi\u1ec3u t\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 l\u00f9i v\u00e0o d\u0129 v\u00e3ng, gi\u1ed1ng ng\u00f4 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gen \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 ch\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ee9ng v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc trong l\u00f2ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n Philippines v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n \u1edf c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia l\u00e1ng gi\u1ec1ng quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng chuy\u1ec3n gen n\u00e0y.<\/span><\/div>\n
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T\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y, Philippines l\u00e0 qu\u1ed1c gia duy nh\u1ea5t \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c1 cho ph\u00e9p tr\u1ed3ng ng\u00f4 Bt. Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p tr\u1ed3ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i ng\u00f4 Bt v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i th\u00e1ng 12\/2002, k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, nh\u1eefng c\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed3ng tr\u1ed3ng gi\u1ed1ng ng\u00f4 lai truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhanh ch\u00f3ng thay th\u1ebf b\u1eb1ng ng\u00f4 Bt v\u00e0 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nh\u1ea3y v\u1ecdt. N\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 n\u0103m 2003, Philippines ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng 11.000ha tr\u1ed3ng ng\u00f4 Bt th\u00ec \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2011, di\u1ec7n t\u00edch tr\u1ed3ng gi\u1ed1ng ng\u00f4 m\u1edbi n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 690.000ha.\u00a0<\/span><\/div>\n
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Ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ng\u00f4 Bt \u1edf \u1ede Philippines l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng b\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1ea3y v\u1ecdt. T\u1eeb ch\u1ec9 kho\u1ea3ng 11.000 ha v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2003, di\u1ec7n t\u00edch tr\u1ed3ng ng\u00f4 Bt \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi 690.000 ha v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2011. Theo s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a C\u1ee5c Tr\u1ed3ng tr\u1ecdt (BPI), B\u1ed9 N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p Philippines, di\u1ec7n t\u00edch tr\u1ed3ng ng\u00f4 Bt l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y l\u00e0 \u1edf khu v\u1ef1c 2 v\u00e0 thung l\u0169ng Cagayan c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea3o Luzon.<\/span><\/div>\n
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Ch\u00fa th\u00edch \u1ea3nh: N\u00f4ng d\u00e2n Philippines ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n tin t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0o gi\u1ed1ng ng\u00f4 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gen.<\/span><\/div>\n
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Ban h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m<\/b><\/span><\/div>\n
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M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i h\u00f3a gi\u1ed1ng ng\u00f4 Bt \u1edf Philippines l\u00e0 Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 ban h\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch vi\u1ec7c tr\u1ed3ng, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m t\u1eeb c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gen m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 gi\u1ed1ng, c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gen khi nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o Philippines ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m tra v\u1ec1 an to\u00e0n th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m, \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng.\u00a0<\/span><\/div>\n
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Theo \u0111\u00f3, n\u0103m 1990, \u1ee6y ban qu\u1ed1c gia v\u1ec1 an to\u00e0n sinh h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a Philippines \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a ra khung ph\u00e1p l\u00fd tr\u00ean nh\u1edd n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u c\u01a1 quan li\u00ean quan, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gen v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m quan t\u00e2m. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn nay, Philippines ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 ghi nh\u1eadn nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00e1t sinh t\u1eeb ph\u00eda ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y. H\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gen n\u0103m 1999 v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i t\u1eeb n\u0103m 2003. Trong th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0y, c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u quan ng\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng n\u00e0y v\u00e0 ng\u00e0nh ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 th\u00f4ng qua \u0111\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o c\u01a1 s\u1edf khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m t\u1eeb c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gen.\u00a0<\/span><\/div>\n
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T\u1eeb th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf tri\u1ec3n khai \u1edf \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00ecnh, theo TS. Reynaldo V. Ebora, Gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c Vi\u1ec7n Sinh h\u1ecdc ph\u00e2n t\u1eed v\u00e0 C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 sinh h\u1ecdc qu\u1ed1c gia (\u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Philippines Los Banos), l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gen l\u00e0 gi\u00fap n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n t\u0103ng thu nh\u1eadp t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nh\u1eefng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u00f3 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t cao h\u01a1n v\u1edbi chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n.<\/span><\/div>\n
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Ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 Reynaldo V. Ebora cho r\u1eb1ng, c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gen, bao g\u1ed3m b\u1eafp \u0111\u00e3 cho th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gen an to\u00e0n cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m n\u00f4ng nhi\u1ec7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed3ng th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng. Trong su\u1ed1t 14 n\u0103m qua, c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gen \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y ra b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 n\u00e0o v\u1ec1 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe.\u00a0<\/span><\/div>\n
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C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gen hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng \u1edf 25 qu\u1ed1c gia v\u00e0 v\u00f9ng l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. N\u1ebfu n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00ec h\u1ecd s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec1u thu\u1ed1c di\u1ec7t c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f9a m\u00e0ng v\u00e0 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf d\u01b0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng thu\u1ed1c s\u1ebd \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m thu ho\u1ea1ch m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.\u00a0<\/span><\/div>\n
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\u201cM\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i \u00edch ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gen l\u00e0 gi\u00fap n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i phun thu\u1ed1c di\u1ec7t c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng l\u00ean c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m thu ho\u1ea1ch. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1ed1i c\u00e2y b\u1eafp bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gen s\u1ebd kh\u00e1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ee5c c\u00f9i b\u1eafp, v\u00e0 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf s\u1ebd gi\u00fap n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n thu ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng tr\u00e1i b\u1eafp c\u00f3 h\u1ea1t ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u01a1n v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u0103ng cao h\u01a1n, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn 35% so v\u1edbi s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o t\u1eebng v\u00f9ng m\u00e0 h\u1ecd tr\u1ed3ng. Ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i chi ti\u1ec1n cho vi\u1ec7c mua, x\u1ecbt thu\u1ed1c tr\u1eeb c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng, h\u1ea1t b\u1eafp ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u01a1n s\u1ebd b\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e1 cao h\u01a1n v\u00e0 n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n s\u1ebd c\u00f3 thu nh\u1eadp cao h\u01a1n\u201d, TS. Reynaldo V. Ebora n\u00f3i.\u00a0<\/span><\/div>\n
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N\u00f3i t\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gen s\u1ebd gi\u00fap mang l\u1ea1i cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n th\u00eam s\u1ef1 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00e1ng s\u00e2u v\u00e0 c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 c\u00e2y lai. Trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf t\u1ea1i Philippines, n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 sinh h\u1ecdc bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gen v\u00e0o canh t\u00e1c v\u00ec h\u1ecd c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng.\u00a0<\/span><\/div>\n
\u00a0<\/span><\/div>\n
\u0110\u00e2y s\u1ebd l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, s\u1edbm \u0111\u01b0a c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gen v\u00e0o s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p th\u00edch \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Cho \u0111\u1ebfn nay, Phillipines \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh h\u01a1n 10 n\u0103m th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i h\u00f3a c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gen. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n ban \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e3 qua, n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 tin t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng m\u1edbi, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mang \u0111\u1ebfn \u1ea5m no, h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac.   H\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh gian […]\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":5960,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[86],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5958"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5958"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5958\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5960"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5958"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5958"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5958"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}