{"id":6142,"date":"2012-03-30T09:51:23","date_gmt":"2012-03-30T02:51:23","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/antoansinhhoc.vn\/?p=1680"},"modified":"2012-03-30T09:51:23","modified_gmt":"2012-03-30T02:51:23","slug":"cay-trong-bien-doi-gen-van-chua-xa-vach-xuat-phat","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/cay-trong-bien-doi-gen-van-chua-xa-vach-xuat-phat\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gen: V\u1eabn ch\u01b0a xa v\u1ea1ch xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c, th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0a c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gen v\u00e0o s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p t\u1ed1i \u01b0u \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i b\u00e0i to\u00e1n an ninh l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c. Tuy nhi\u00ean, di\u1ec7n t\u00edch, ch\u1ee7ng lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gen \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ta hi\u1ec7n c\u00f2n th\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n

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Nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi c\u1ea5p b\u00e1ch<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u g\u1ea1o th\u1ee9 hai th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi sau Th\u00e1i Lan, nh\u01b0ng x\u00e9t v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t an ninh l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c, Vi\u1ec7t Nam m\u1edbi \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u1ea5p qu\u1ed1c gia, ch\u01b0a \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u1ea5p h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c L\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a Li\u00ean h\u1ee3p qu\u1ed1c (FAO). K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t c\u1ee7a C\u1ee5c Tr\u1ed3ng tr\u1ecdt (B\u1ed9 NN&PTNT) cho th\u1ea5y, di\u1ec7n t\u00edch gieo tr\u1ed3ng h\u1eb1ng n\u0103m gi\u1ea3m kho\u1ea3ng 70.000ha, trong khi \u0111\u00f3 d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u0103ng g\u1ea7n 1 tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi. V\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, theo \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2020, Vi\u1ec7t Nam s\u1ebd c\u1ea7n kho\u1ea3ng 50 tri\u1ec7u t\u1ea5n ng\u0169 c\u1ed1c, \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2050 con s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y t\u0103ng l\u00ean l\u00e0 80 tri\u1ec7u t\u1ea5n. C\u00f2n theo C\u1ee5c tr\u01b0\u1edfng C\u1ee5c Tr\u1ed3ng tr\u1ecdt Nguy\u1ec5n Tr\u00ed Ng\u1ecdc, Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p nh\u01b0ng ph\u1ea3i b\u1ecf ra kh\u00f4ng \u00edt ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u 70% nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u ng\u00f4, \u0111\u1eadu n\u00e0nh… ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c \u0103n ch\u0103n nu\u00f4i. T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c d\u1ec7t may, hi\u1ec7n nay, Vi\u1ec7t Nam ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u kho\u1ea3ng 90% l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u00f4ng nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u. Nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi Vi\u1ec7t Nam ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea9y nhanh \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng khoa h\u1ecdc, k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0o n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0a c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gen tr\u00ean c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng, v\u1eadt nu\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i b\u00e0i to\u00e1n an ninh l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 th\u00edch \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a kh\u00ed h\u1eadu.<\/p>\n

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\nCh\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 <\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gen \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i h\u00f3a t\u1eeb th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 90 c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 tr\u01b0\u1edbc. Hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 25 qu\u1ed1c gia s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gen v\u1edbi di\u1ec7n t\u00edch kho\u1ea3ng 150 tri\u1ec7u h\u00e9cta, chi\u1ebfm 9% t\u1ed5ng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u1ed3ng tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 h\u01a1n 30 qu\u1ed1c gia, v\u00f9ng l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn vi\u1ec7c nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng chuy\u1ec3n gen \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u00eau th\u1ee5, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. Trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gen, c\u00f3 t\u1edbi 77% di\u1ec7n t\u00edch l\u00e0 c\u00e2y \u0111\u1eadu n\u00e0nh, 49% c\u00e2y b\u00f4ng v\u1ea3i, 26% c\u00e2y b\u1eafp v\u00e0 21% c\u00e2y c\u1ea3i d\u1ea7u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng gi\u1ed1ng chuy\u1ec3n gen. C\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhanh c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gen c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn Trung Qu\u1ed1c, Brazil, Chile, Argentina, M\u1ef9, Canada, Australia, \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, Philippines. <\/span><\/p>\n

C\u1ee5c tr\u01b0\u1edfng Nguy\u1ec5n Tr\u00ed Ng\u1ecdc cho r\u1eb1ng, kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng n\u00e2ng cao s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn, c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gen c\u00f2n gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt trong tr\u1ed3ng tr\u1ecdt v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. D\u1ef1 b\u00e1o \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2015, c\u00f3 th\u00eam 15 qu\u1ed1c gia v\u00e0 v\u00f9ng l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 cho ph\u00e9p tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y chuy\u1ec3n gen v\u1edbi di\u1ec7n t\u00edch l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 200 tri\u1ec7u h\u00e9cta, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 ng\u00f4, \u0111\u1eadu t\u01b0\u01a1ng, b\u00f4ng v\u1ea3i, thu\u1ed1c l\u00e1, c\u00e0 t\u00edm, c\u00e0 chua, \u0111u \u0111\u1ee7… PGS.TS L\u00ea Huy H\u00e0m, Vi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1edfng Vi\u1ec7n Di truy\u1ec1n N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t Nam nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh, v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i \u00edch v\u1ec1 kinh t\u1ebf, ch\u00fang ta n\u00ean tr\u00e1nh t\u00e2m l\u00fd e ng\u1ea1i vi\u1ec7c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gen. V\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t khoa h\u1ecdc, n\u1ebfu l\u00e0m theo quy tr\u00ecnh an to\u00e0n sinh h\u1ecdc nh\u01b0 hi\u1ec7n nay s\u1ebd b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m an to\u00e0n tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i. Hi\u1ec7n nay, \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam m\u1edbi ch\u1ec9 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u00f3 ba c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gen l\u00e0 l\u00faa, ng\u00f4, b\u00f4ng v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gen \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t trong th\u1ee9c \u0103n ch\u0103n nu\u00f4i l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 th\u1ea5p. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 t\u1eeb ng\u00e0y 11-1-2006, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e3 ban h\u00e0nh Quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ed1 11\/2006\/Q\u0110-TTg \u0111\u01b0a ra k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gen \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u1edbi 3 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n: giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 2006-2010 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gen tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ed3ng ru\u1ed9ng; giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 2011-2015 \u0111\u01b0a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 gi\u1ed1ng v\u00e0o s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t; \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2020 t\u0103ng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 ng\u00f4, b\u00f4ng, \u0111\u1eadu t\u01b0\u01a1ng… t\u1eeb 30-35% tr\u00ean to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ebfn nay v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 cu\u1ed9c s\u01a1 k\u1ebft n\u00e0o v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y v\u00e0 ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 con s\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u1ec1 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gen \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ta. <\/span><\/p>\n

GS V\u00f5 T\u00f2ng Xu\u00e2n kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh, \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a l\u1edbn, c\u1ea7n \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng nhanh c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gen k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, nh\u01b0ng ph\u1ea3i th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng t\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 l\u1eadp ph\u00e1p, nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n… t\u1ea1o b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1t m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd trong n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p.<\/span><\/p>\n

Theo H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i m<\/span>\u1edbi<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c, th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0a c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gen v\u00e0o s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p t\u1ed1i \u01b0u \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i b\u00e0i to\u00e1n an ninh l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c. Tuy nhi\u00ean, di\u1ec7n t\u00edch, ch\u1ee7ng lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gen \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ta hi\u1ec7n c\u00f2n th\u1ea5p.   […]\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6143,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[86],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6142"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6142"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6142\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6143"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6142"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6142"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6142"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}