Ng\u00e0y nay, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng vi sinh v\u1eadt bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gen (Genetically Modified Microorganisms – GMMs) l\u00e0 vi khu\u1ea9n, n\u1ea5m men v\u00e0 n\u1ea5m nh\u00e0y mang th\u00f4ng tin di truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i b\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 sinh h\u1ecdc hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 bi\u1ebfn n\u1ea1p (transformation), ti\u1ebfp h\u1ee3p (conjugation) v\u00e0 t\u1ea3i n\u1ea1p (transduction), kh\u00f4ng th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean. C\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng, m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 sinh h\u1ecdc m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 sinh h\u1ecdc s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng vi sinh v\u1eadt n\u00f3i chung v\u00e0 vi sinh v\u1eadt bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gen n\u00f3i ri\u00eang \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m\u00a0m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Vi sinh v\u1eadt bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed1i gen c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y sinh h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m s\u1ef1 \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Vi khu\u1ea9n lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m \u1edf c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n t\u1eed t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea5t, n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 c\u00e1t b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u00fang th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ph\u1ee5 kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u00f4i khi c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a vi sinh v\u1eadt ban \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng hay kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m c\u00e1c vi sinh v\u1eadt ho\u1eb7c t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c vi sinh v\u1eadt m\u1edbi c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m kh\u00e1c th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n
M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i vi sinh v\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong x\u1eed l\u00fd m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 trong x\u1eed l\u00fd \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 r\u00e1c th\u1ea3i:<\/em> Vi sinh v\u1eadt ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i protein, Bacillus mycoides, Bacillus subtilis,…; <\/em>Vi sinh v\u1eadt ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i lipid: Pseudomonas, Achromobacte, \u2026<\/em> ;Vi sinh v\u1eadt ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i tinh b\u1ed9t: Candida, Saccharomyces…;<\/em> Vi sinh v\u1eadt ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i cellulose: Pseudomonas,<\/em> Aspergillus, Streptomycin<\/em>, Candida, Saccharomyces…<\/em><\/p>\n V\u00ed d\u1ee5: \u00a0\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng vi sinh v\u1eadt bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gen trong x\u1eed l\u00fd m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/em>,<\/em> Ananda Chakrabarty \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra ch\u1ee7ng Pseudomonas<\/em>\u00a0 sp. t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t hydrocacbon t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i ch\u1ee7ng Pseudomonas, <\/em>\u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf. K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt di truy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi vi khu\u1ea9n nh\u1eb1m gi\u00fap t\u0103ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch c\u1ee7a vi khu\u1ea9n. Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0y l\u00e0 b\u1ed5 sung ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0m t\u0103ng enzyme c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 ho\u1eb7c cung c\u1ea5p cho ch\u00fang c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng t\u1ed1i \u01b0u \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch.<\/p>\n Nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i \u00edch m\u00e0 vi sinh v\u1eadt mang l\u1ea1i trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u1eed l\u00fd \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ecf, tuy nhi\u00ean v\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u00f3 h\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a vi sinh v\u1eadt th\u00ec hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 x\u1eed l\u00fd m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00f4ng qua vi sinh v\u1eadt ch\u01b0a cao. Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec th\u1ebf, vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt gen v\u00e0o vi sinh v\u1eadt x\u1eed l\u00fd \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00e3 v\u00e0 \u0111ang \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng t\u1eeb x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i, r\u00e1c th\u1ea3i, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed l\u00e0 d\u1ea7u tr\u00e0n v\u00e0 kim lo\u1ea1i n\u1eb7ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ee7y ng\u00e2n\u2026 Hi v\u1ecdng trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai kh\u00f4ng xa, l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fang ta quan t\u00e2m nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n n\u1eefa.<\/p>\n Ngu\u1ed3n: http:\/\/iae.vn<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Ng\u00e0y nay, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng vi sinh v\u1eadt bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gen (Genetically Modified Microorganisms – GMMs) l\u00e0 vi khu\u1ea9n, n\u1ea5m men v\u00e0 n\u1ea5m nh\u00e0y mang th\u00f4ng tin di truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i b\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 sinh h\u1ecdc hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 bi\u1ebfn n\u1ea1p (transformation), ti\u1ebfp h\u1ee3p (conjugation) v\u00e0 t\u1ea3i n\u1ea1p (transduction), kh\u00f4ng th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf […]\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6894,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[86],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6214"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6214"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6214\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6894"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6214"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6214"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6214"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
\nC\u00e1c vi khu\u1ea9n\u00a0c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u1ed1i \u01b0u c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a vi sinh v\u1eadt c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1ea7u kh\u00ed th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111ang ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh t\u1ea1o ra ch\u1ee7ng vi sinh v\u1eadt c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y c\u00e1c h\u1ecdc ch\u1ea5t h\u1eefu c\u01a1 b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng nh\u01b0 thu\u1ed1c tr\u1eeb s\u00e2u b\u1eb1ng Clo, PCB\u2019s, lignin v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c; ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t kho\u00e1ng v\u00e0 kim lo\u1ea1i n\u1eb7ng trong khai th\u00e1c m\u1ecf; l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 th\u1ee7y ng\u00e2n.<\/p>\n