{"id":6232,"date":"2019-05-21T11:50:54","date_gmt":"2019-05-21T04:50:54","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/antoansinhhoc.vn\/?p=5352"},"modified":"2019-05-21T11:50:54","modified_gmt":"2019-05-21T04:50:54","slug":"sau-keo-mua-thu-spodoptera-frugiperda-loai-sinh-vat-ngoai-lai-gay-hai-moi-xuat-hien-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/sau-keo-mua-thu-spodoptera-frugiperda-loai-sinh-vat-ngoai-lai-gay-hai-moi-xuat-hien-2\/","title":{"rendered":"S\u00e2u keo m\u00f9a thu Spodoptera frugiperda: Lo\u00e0i sinh v\u1eadt ngo\u1ea1i lai g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i m\u1edbi xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n"},"content":{"rendered":"

T\u00f4m h\u00f9m n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt\u00a0(<\/em>Procambarus clarkii<\/em>)<\/em>\u00a0l\u00e0 lo\u00e0i n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 th\u00edch nghi, c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 phong ph\u00fa c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng trong m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng thu\u1ef7 sinh. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1eeb Mexico v\u00e0 Hoa K\u1ef3 v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi do k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c du nh\u1eadp l\u00e0m th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m. C\u00e1c qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 x\u00e2m l\u1ea5n c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1o c\u00e1o xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c2u, ch\u00e2u \u00c1, ch\u00e2u Phi, B\u1eafc M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 Nam M\u1ef9. T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng bao g\u1ed3m s\u1ef1 c\u1ea1nh tranh quy\u1ebft li\u1ec7t v\u1edbi t\u00f4m b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba, truy\u1ec1n c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh d\u1ecbch t\u00f4m c\u00e0ng, gi\u1ea3m qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt th\u1ee7y sinh c\u1ee1 l\u1edbn, thay \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0103n th\u1ecbt v\u00e0 c\u1ea1nh tranh v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u00e0nh n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1eaft c\u00e1.<\/p>\n

Hi\u1ec7n nay, \u00a0T\u00f4m h\u00f9m n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp v\u00e0o danh s\u00e1ch c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 x\u00e2m h\u1ea1i theo Th\u00f4ng t\u01b0 s\u1ed1 35\/2018\/TTLT-BTNMT-BNNPTNT ng\u00e0y 28 th\u00e1ng 12 n\u0103m 2018 c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng B\u1ed9 T\u00e0i nguy\u00ean v\u00e0 M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n

T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a t\u00f4m h\u00f9m n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Theo IUCN, T\u00f4m h\u00f9m n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u00e0i x\u00e2m l\u1ea5n th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nhanh ch\u00f3ng thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh lo\u00e0i ch\u1ee7 ch\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i. Vi\u1ec7c du nh\u1eadp T\u00f4m h\u00f9m n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 trong qu\u1ea7n x\u00e3 th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba (Schleifstein, 2003).<\/p>\n

P. clarkii<\/em>\u00a0c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00f4m b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba th\u00f4ng qua c\u1ea1nh tranh v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n b\u1ec7nh \u1edf tr\u00ean t\u00f4m, gi\u1ea3m s\u1ef1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt th\u1ee7y sinh b\u1eadc cao, thay \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m tr\u1ea7m t\u00edch, t\u00edch l\u0169y kim lo\u1ea1i n\u1eb7ng, t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i x\u00e2m l\u1ea5n kh\u00e1c, g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i cho h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u01b0\u1edbi ti\u00eau n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1eaft c\u00e1, v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m c\u00e1c qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng x\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ed1ng, \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt th\u00e2n m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt l\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u01b0 th\u00f4ng qua m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 \u0103n th\u1ecbt v\u00e0 c\u1ea1nh tranh.<\/p>\n

P. clarkii<\/em>\u00a0\u0111\u00e3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 suy gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a t\u00f4m b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba ch\u00e2u \u00c2u trong h\u1ecd Astacidae th\u00f4ng qua truy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh d\u1ecbch t\u00f4m c\u00e0ng (Aphanomyces astaci<\/em>) v\u00e0 c\u1ea1nh tranh tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i nguy c\u1ea5p bao g\u1ed3m lo\u00e0i\u00a0Austropotamobius pallipes<\/em>,\u00a0Astacus astacus<\/em>,\u00a0Austropotamobius torrentium<\/em>(Garcia-Arberas et al, 2009; Dehus et al, 1999; Gherardi, 2006, Gil -Sanchez & Alba-Tercedor, 2006). Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u0169ng nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y lo\u00e0i T\u00f4m h\u00f9m n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt\u00a0P. clarkii<\/em>\u00a0c\u0169ng c\u1ea1nh tranh v\u1edbi t\u00f4m b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba \u1edf Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n (Kawai & Kobayashi, 2005).<\/p>\n

Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0103n th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt d\u1eef d\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a\u00a0P. clarkii<\/em>\u00a0th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u00e2y gi\u1ea3m sinh kh\u1ed1i v\u00e0 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt th\u1ee7y sinh c\u1ee1 l\u1edbn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u1eadn t\u1ea1i h\u1ed3 Chozas, T\u00e2y Ban Nha (Rodriguez et al, 2003); H\u1ed3 Naivasha, Kenya (Smart et al, 2002); H\u1ed3 Massaciuccoli, \u00dd (Gherardi et al, 1999); H\u1ed3 Doccia, \u00dd (Gherardi & Acquistapace, 2007); v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t ng\u1eadp n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00f9ng \u0110\u1ecba Trung H\u1ea3i (Geiger et al, 2005); v\u00e0 b\u00e1n \u0111\u1ea3o Iberia (Rodriguez et al, 2003 t\u1ea1i Cruz & Rebelo, 2007).<\/p>\n

\u1ea2nh h\u01b0\u1edfng kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ki\u1ebfm \u0103n v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi \u0111\u00e0o hang c\u1ee7a\u00a0P. clarkii<\/em>\u00a0l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc, t\u0103ng s\u1ef1 x\u00e1o tr\u1ed9n sinh h\u1ecdc, v\u00e0 gia t\u0103ng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng t\u1eeb tr\u1ea7m t\u00edch (Angeler et al, 2001). Nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i th\u1ee7y sinh v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 g\u00e2y ra s\u1ef1 b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a vi khu\u1ea9n lam cyanobacterium (Yamamoto, 2010). C\u00e1c hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u1eadn trong C\u00f4ng vi\u00ean Qu\u1ed1c gia Las Tablas de daimiel, T\u00e2y Ban Nha (Angeler et al, 2001); Alentejo, B\u1ed3 \u0110\u00e0o Nha (Geiger et al, 2005); v\u00e0 Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n (Yamamoto, 2010).<\/p>\n

T\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u1eadn t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u n\u01a1i tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. C\u00e1c h\u00e0nh vi \u0111\u00e0o hang c\u1ee7a\u00a0P. clarkii<\/em>\u00a0th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u00e2y t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00ea \u0111i\u1ec1u v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u01b0\u1edbi ti\u00eau c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i cho c\u00e1c c\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed3ng (Holdrich, 1999; Yue et al, 2010a). C\u00e1c ghi nh\u1eadn n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c (Yue et al, 2010a), Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n (Sako, 1987 trong Kawai & Kobayashi, 2005), Ai C\u1eadp (Hartnoll pers Comm.., Trong Holdich, 1999), Kenya (Picard, 1991 t\u1ea1i Arrignon et al , 1999), \u00dd (Gherardi et al, 2000), T\u00e2y Ban Nha (Holdrich, 1999), v\u00e0 Hoa K\u1ef3 (Chang & Lange, 1967; Holdich, 1999).\u00a0P. clarkii<\/em>\u00a0th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t lo\u00e0i \u01b0u th\u1ebf trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 ru\u1ed9ng l\u00faa. N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t trong c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh th\u1ee7y l\u1ee3i bao g\u1ed3m h\u1ed3 ch\u1ee9a, k\u00eanh d\u1eabn n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a ru\u1ed9ng l\u00faa,\u00a0P. clarkii<\/em>\u00a0c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 do ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e0o hang l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i th\u1ee7y v\u0103n, \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 g\u00e2y r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 n\u01b0\u1edbc, v\u00e0 g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i cho c\u00e2y l\u00faa (Correia, 1993; Ilh\u00e9u v\u00e0 Bernardo 1993a, b, trong Oliveira v\u00e0 Fabi\u00e3o, 1998).<\/p>\n

N\u01a1i ghi nh\u1eadn x\u00e2m h\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i T\u00f4m h\u00f9m n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Lo\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u1eadn x\u00e2m h\u1ea1i t\u1ea1i Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, Trung Qu\u1ed1c, Kenya, Ai C\u1eadp, Nam Phi, M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 ch\u00e2u \u00c2u.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc:<\/em>\u00a0Bao g\u1ed3m d\u00f9ng b\u1eaby, l\u01b0\u1edbi v\u1ee3t, l\u01b0\u1edbi\u00a0v\u00e2y\u00a0v\u00e0\u00a0\u0111\u00e1nh b\u1eaft b\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n.\u00a0\u0110\u00e1nh b\u1eaby li\u00ean t\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1eaby t\u1eadp trung ng\u1eafn\u00a0h\u1ea1n, b\u1edfi \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1eaby t\u1eadp trung ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1p tr\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9 tu\u1ed5i tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a t\u00f4m non v\u00e0 t\u0103ng s\u1ea3n sinh tr\u1ee9ng. Th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 lo\u00e0i t\u00f4m\u00a0P. clarkii<\/em>\u00a0b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf\u00a0ch\u00fang \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u1eadn \u1edf h\u1ed3\u00a0Naivasha (Kenya); \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng\u00a0b\u1eaby\u00a0v\u00e0\u00a0lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf t\u00f4m ra kh\u1ecfi th\u1ea3m th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt n\u1ed5i nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ph\u1ee5 h\u1ed3i l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba l\u1edbn.\u00a0C\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00e0tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc ao nu\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1eaft t\u1eadn di\u1ec7t t\u00f4m con, ch\u1ec9nh d\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a\u00a0c\u00e1c con s\u00f4ng,\u00a0ho\u1eb7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc ho\u1eb7c h\u00e0ng r\u00e0o \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf\u00a0s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t t\u00e1n c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i t\u00f4m n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc<\/em>:\u00a0H\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t\u00a0c\u00f3 th\u1ec3\u00a0\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\u00a0s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng\u00a0\u0111\u1ec3\u00a0ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t\u00a0t\u00f4m\u00a0bao g\u1ed3m l\u00e2n h\u1eefu c\u01a1,\u00a0clo h\u1eefu c\u01a1\u00a0v\u00e0\u00a0thu\u1ed1c tr\u1eeb s\u00e2u t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p pyrethroid; nh\u1eefng c\u00e1 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu c\u00e1c m\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng kh\u00e1c nhau t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c\u00a0v\u00e0o\u00a0k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc\u00a0c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang,\u00a0c\u00e1c\u00a0c\u00e1 th\u1ec3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n\u00a0th\u00ec b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1 h\u01a1n.\u00a0Furadan\u00a05G (ho\u1ea1t ch\u1ea5t\u00a0l\u00e0 carbofuran)\u00a0c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y t\u1eed vong\u00a0cho\u00a0P.clarkii<\/em>\u00a0t\u1ea1i Kenya.\u00a0V\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 thu\u1ed1c di\u1ec7t tr\u1eeb \u0111\u1eb7c hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00f4m c\u00e0ng, n\u00ean c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng x\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ed1ng\u00a0kh\u00e1c, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0\u00a0\u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt ch\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1t,\u00a0c\u0169ng b\u1ecb ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t theo t\u00f4m,\u00a0v\u00e0\u00a0sau \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i t\u00e1i nh\u1eadp c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng x\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00e0y.\u00a0C\u00f3\u00a0l\u00fd do \u0111\u1ec3\u00a0lo ng\u1ea1i\u00a0v\u1ec1\u00a0s\u1ef1 t\u00edch l\u0169y v\u00e0 khuy\u1ebfch \u0111\u1ea1i sinh h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 trong chu\u1ed7i\u00a0th\u1ee9c \u0103n,\u00a0m\u1eb7c d\u00f9\u00a0\u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng lo ng\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi thu\u1ed1c tr\u1eeb s\u00e2u t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p pyrethroid. M\u1ed9t bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc\u00a0kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng pheromone (k\u00edch th\u00edch t\u1ed1) \u0111\u1eb7c hi\u1ec7u cho t\u00f4m c\u00e0ng ho\u1eb7c th\u1eadm ch\u00ed k\u00edch th\u00edch t\u1ed1 \u0111\u1eb7c hi\u1ec7u lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1eaby t\u00f4m h\u00f9m n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt.<\/p>\n

Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t\u00a0sinh h\u1ecdc<\/em>:\u00a0Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p\u00a0ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t\u00a0sinh h\u1ecdc\u00a0c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m\u00a0vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c\u00a0\u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt \u0103n th\u1ecbt\u00a0c\u00e1,\u00a0sinh v\u1eadt g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh, v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng\u00a0c\u00e1c\u00a0vi sinh v\u1eadt\u00a0s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t\u00a0\u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1, v\u00ed d\u1ee5, vi khu\u1ea9n\u00a0Bacillus thuringiensis<\/em>\u00a0var.\u00a0israeliensis<\/em>.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c ch\u1ebf t\u00e0i c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn lo\u00e0i T\u00f4m h\u00f9m n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i Kho\u1ea3n 1, \u0110i\u1ec1u 52 Lu\u1eadt \u0110a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc \u201cVi\u1ec7c nu\u00f4i tr\u00f4\u0300ng loa\u0300i ngoa\u0323i lai c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 x\u00e2m h\u1ea1i ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh sau khi c\u00f3 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 kha\u0309o nghi\u00ea\u0323m lo\u00e0i ngo\u1ea1i lai \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 x\u00e2m h\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f4\u0301i v\u01a1\u0301i \u0111a da\u0323ng sinh ho\u0323c v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee6y ban nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n c\u1ea5p t\u1ec9nh c\u1ea5p ph\u00e9p.<\/em>\u201d<\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7c nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u, ph\u00e1t t\u00e1n lo\u00e0i ngo\u00e0i lai c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 x\u00e2m h\u1ea1i ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5p ph\u00e9p l\u00e0 tr\u00e1i v\u1edbi quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb x\u1eed l\u00fd vi ph\u1ea1m theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt.<\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u 246, B\u1ed9 Lu\u1eadt H\u00ecnh s\u1ef1 2015<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0quy \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0nh\u01b0 sau:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

1.Ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t trong c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh vi sau \u0111\u00e2y, th\u00ec b\u1ecb ph\u1ea1t ti\u1ec1n t\u1eeb 100.000.000 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ebfn 1.000.000.000 \u0111\u1ed3ng, ph\u1ea1t c\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o kh\u00f4ng giam gi\u1eef \u0111\u1ebfn 03 n\u0103m ho\u1eb7c ph\u1ea1t t\u00f9 t\u1eeb 01 n\u0103m \u0111\u1ebfn 05 n\u0103m:<\/em><\/p>\n

a) Nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u tr\u00e1i ph\u00e9p lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt, th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt ngo\u1ea1i lai x\u00e2m h\u1ea1i ho\u1eb7c lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt, th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt ngo\u1ea1i lai c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 x\u00e2m h\u1ea1i trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p v\u1eadt ph\u1ea1m ph\u00e1p tr\u1ecb gi\u00e1 t\u1eeb 250.000.000 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ebfn d\u01b0\u1edbi 500.000.000 \u0111\u1ed3ng ho\u1eb7c trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p v\u1eadt ph\u1ea1m ph\u00e1p tr\u1ecb gi\u00e1 d\u01b0\u1edbi 250.000.000 \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb x\u1eed ph\u1ea1t vi ph\u1ea1m h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh v\u1ec1 h\u00e0nh vi n\u00e0y m\u00e0 c\u00f2n vi ph\u1ea1m;<\/em><\/p>\n

b) Ph\u00e1t t\u00e1n lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt, th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt ngo\u1ea1i lai x\u00e2m h\u1ea1i ho\u1eb7c lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt, th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt ngo\u1ea1i lai c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 x\u00e2m h\u1ea1i, g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n t\u1eeb 150.000.000 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ebfn d\u01b0\u1edbi 500.000.000 \u0111\u1ed3ng.<\/em><\/p>\n

2.Ph\u1ea1m t\u1ed9i thu\u1ed9c m\u1ed9t trong c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p sau \u0111\u00e2y, th\u00ec b\u1ecb ph\u1ea1t t\u00f9 t\u1eeb 03 n\u0103m \u0111\u1ebfn 07 n\u0103m:<\/em><\/p>\n

a) C\u00f3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c;<\/em><\/p>\n

b) Nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u tr\u00e1i ph\u00e9p lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt, th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt ngo\u1ea1i lai x\u00e2m h\u1ea1i ho\u1eb7c lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt, th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt ngo\u1ea1i lai c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 x\u00e2m h\u1ea1i trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p v\u1eadt ph\u1ea1m ph\u00e1p tr\u1ecb gi\u00e1 500.000.000 \u0111\u1ed3ng tr\u1edf l\u00ean;<\/em><\/p>\n

c) Ph\u00e1t t\u00e1n lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt, th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt ngo\u1ea1i lai x\u00e2m h\u1ea1i ho\u1eb7c lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt, th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt ngo\u1ea1i lai c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 x\u00e2m h\u1ea1i, g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n 500.000.000 \u0111\u1ed3ng tr\u1edf l\u00ean;<\/em><\/p>\n

d) T\u00e1i ph\u1ea1m nguy hi\u1ec3m.<\/em><\/p>\n

3.Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea1m t\u1ed9i c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb ph\u1ea1t ti\u1ec1n t\u1eeb 50.000.000 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ebfn 500.000.000 \u0111\u1ed3ng, c\u1ea5m \u0111\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec7m ch\u1ee9c v\u1ee5, c\u1ea5m h\u00e0nh ngh\u1ec1 ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1eeb 01 n\u0103m \u0111\u1ebfn 05 n\u0103m.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n

Kho\u1ea3n 1, \u0110i\u1ec1u 18, Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ed1 42\/2019\/N\u0110-CP ng\u00e0y 16 th\u00e1ng 5 n\u0103m 2019 c\u1ee7a Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 v\u1ec1 x\u1eed ph\u1ea1t vi ph\u1ea1m h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n c\u00f3 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/em><\/strong>:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u201cPh\u1ea1t ti\u1ec1n t\u1eeb 30.000.000 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ebfn 40.000.000 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u00e0nh vi nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n s\u1ed1ng d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m, l\u00e0m c\u1ea3nh v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i tr\u00ed ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u01a1 quan c\u00f3 th\u1ea9m quy\u1ec1n c\u1ea5p ph\u00e9p theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh\u201d.<\/em><\/p>\n

CEID.GOV.VN<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

T\u00f4m h\u00f9m n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt\u00a0(Procambarus clarkii)\u00a0l\u00e0 lo\u00e0i n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 th\u00edch nghi, c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 phong ph\u00fa c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng trong m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng thu\u1ef7 sinh. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1eeb Mexico v\u00e0 Hoa K\u1ef3 v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi do k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c du nh\u1eadp […]\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6233,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[86],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6232"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6232"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6232\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6233"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6232"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6232"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6232"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}