{"id":6238,"date":"2019-05-30T17:53:01","date_gmt":"2019-05-30T10:53:01","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/antoansinhhoc.vn\/?p=5381"},"modified":"2019-05-30T17:53:01","modified_gmt":"2019-05-30T10:53:01","slug":"thong-tin-ve-tom-hum-nuoc-ngot-procambarus-clarkii-loai-ngoai-lai-co-nguy-co-xam-hai-toi-moi-truong-va-da-dang-sinh-hoc-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/thong-tin-ve-tom-hum-nuoc-ngot-procambarus-clarkii-loai-ngoai-lai-co-nguy-co-xam-hai-toi-moi-truong-va-da-dang-sinh-hoc-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 t\u00f4m h\u00f9m n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt (Procambarus clarkii): Lo\u00e0i ngo\u1ea1i lai c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 x\u00e2m h\u1ea1i t\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc"},"content":{"rendered":"

T\u00f4m h\u00f9m n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt (c\u00f2n c\u00f3 t\u00ean g\u1ecdi trong d\u00e2n gian l\u00e0 t\u00f4m h\u00f9m \u0111\u1ea5t) c\u00f3 t\u00ean khoa h\u1ecdc l\u00e0\u00a0Procambarus clarkii<\/em>, thu\u1ed9c danh m\u1ee5c lo\u00e0i ngo\u1ea1i lai c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 x\u00e2m h\u1ea1i ban h\u00e0nh k\u00e8m theo Th\u00f4ng t\u01b0 s\u1ed1 35\/2018\/TT-BTNMT ng\u00e0y 28 th\u00e1ng 12 n\u0103m 2018 c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng B\u1ed9 T\u00e0i nguy\u00ean v\u00e0 M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng quy \u0111\u1ecbnh ti\u00eau ch\u00ed x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 ban h\u00e0nh Danh m\u1ee5c lo\u00e0i ngo\u1ea1i lai x\u00e2m h\u1ea1i. Lo\u00e0i n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00ean trong Danh m\u1ee5c lo\u00e0i thu\u1ef7 s\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t kinh doanh t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam (Ph\u1ee5 l\u1ee5c VIII ban h\u00e0nh k\u00e8m theo Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ed1 26\/2019\/N\u0110-CP ng\u00e0y 08 th\u00e1ng 3 n\u0103m 2019 c\u1ee7a Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh chi ti\u1ebft m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec1u v\u00e0 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p thi h\u00e0nh Lu\u1eadt Thu\u1ef7 s\u1ea3n). Vi\u1ec7c nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, kinh doanh lo\u00e0i n\u00e0y tr\u00e1i quy \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt v\u1ec1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 thu\u1ef7 s\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n

1.Nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng t\u00f4m h\u00f9m n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt (<\/strong>Procambarus clarkii)<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng:<\/p>\n

\u2013 K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc:<\/strong>\u00a0c\u00e1 th\u1ec3 tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eeb 5-10g t\u1edbi 50-60 g v\u1edbi t\u1ed5ng chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i trong kho\u1ea3ng 5.5-6.5 cm t\u1edbi 10.5 t\u1edbi 11.5 cm. K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn l\u00e0 10-30 g ho\u1eb7c 7.5-10.5 cm.<\/p>\n

\u2013 M\u00e0u s\u1eafc:<\/strong>\u00a0to\u00e0n th\u00e2n c\u00f3 m\u00e0u s\u1eafc ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ecf \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ecf s\u1eabm. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh, m\u00e0u s\u1eafc ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 m\u00e0u n\u00e2u xanh, v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1eadm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9 trong c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c s\u1eafc t\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n ph\u1ee5, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u00e2n b\u01a1i.<\/p>\n

\u2013 \u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i:<\/strong>\u00a0l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7y v\u00e0 v\u00f9ng sau ch\u1ee7y t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh h\u00ecnh m\u0169i nh\u1ecdn, c\u00e1c gai m\u00e9p b\u00ean ch\u1ee7y kh\u00e1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, r\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea7u ng\u1ef1c r\u1ea5t h\u1eb9p, c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5m m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ecf xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u1edf hai c\u00e0ng, c\u1ea1nh b\u00ean c\u1ee7a c\u00e0ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u b\u01b0\u1edbu nh\u1ecf (xem h\u00ecnh minh h\u1ecda).<\/p>\n

\"tom1\"<\/a><\/p>\n

H\u00ecnh minh h\u1ecda c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng nhanh cho lo\u00e0i\u00a0Cherax quadricarinatus<\/em>\u00a0(ngu\u1ed3n: Belle & Yeo, 2010)\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Do hi\u1ec7n nay c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn v\u1ec1 t\u00ean g\u1ecdi gi\u1eefa lo\u00e0i t\u00f4m h\u00f9m n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt (t\u00f4m h\u00f9m \u0111\u1ea5t) v\u00e0 t\u00f4m\u00a0 c\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ecf (Cherax quadricarinatus<\/em>) n\u00ean c\u1ea7n ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng t\u00f4m c\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ecf nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng\u00a0t\u00f4m c\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ecf<\/strong>\u00a0(<\/strong>Cherax quadricarinatus<\/strong><\/em>)<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u2013 K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc:<\/strong>\u00a0Chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 t\u1ed1i \u0111a l\u00ean t\u1edbi 35 cm, hi\u1ebfm khi l\u1edbn h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

\u2013 M\u00e0u s\u1eafc:<\/strong>\u00a0c\u00f3 m\u00e0u xanh, l\u1ed1m \u0111\u1ed1m v\u1edbi m\u00e0u be v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecf tr\u00ean kh\u1edbp v\u00e0 c\u01a1 th\u1ec3, c\u00e1c m\u1ea3ng m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ecf b\u00ean tr\u00ean c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n b\u1ee5ng. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, c\u00e1 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ef1c tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh c\u00f3 v\u1ec7t\/m\u1ea3ng \u00a0m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ecf t\u01b0\u01a1i \u1edf m\u1eb7t ngo\u00e0i c\u1ee7a c\u1eb7p \u0111\u00f4i c\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean.<\/p>\n

\u2013 M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng kh\u00e1c:<\/strong>\u00a0l\u00e0 c\u00f3 4 g\u1edd tr\u00f4ng r\u00f5 tr\u00ean gi\u00e1p \u0111\u1ea7u ng\u1ef1c. M\u00e9p b\u00ean ch\u1ee7y c\u00f3 t\u1eeb 3 \u0111\u1ebfn 5 \u0111\u00f4i gai.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

H\u00ecnh minh h\u1ecda c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng nhanh cho lo\u00e0i\u00a0Cherax quadricarinatus<\/em>\u00a0(ngu\u1ed3n: Belle & Yeo, 2010)<\/p>\n

2.\u0110\u1eb7c t\u00ednh sinh th\u00e1i<\/strong><\/p>\n

Procambarus\u00a0clarkii<\/em>\u00a0c\u00f3 th\u1ec3\u00a0s\u1ed1ng \u1edf\u00a0nhi\u1ec1u\u00a0m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt nh\u01b0 s\u00f4ng, h\u1ed3,\u00a0ao,\u00a0su\u1ed1i, k\u00eanh, m\u01b0\u01a1ng,\u00a0v\u00e0\u00a0\u0111\u1ea7m l\u1ea7y ng\u1eadp n\u01b0\u1edbc theo m\u00f9a.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 lo\u00e0i c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 th\u00edch nghi v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u1ee7y v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c nhau, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1eb7n trung b\u00ecnh, n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 oxi th\u1ea5p, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t, v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m. T\u00f4m h\u00f9m n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh trong\u00a0c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t ng\u1eadp n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1ea5m v\u00e0 n\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean nh\u01b0 \u1edf Nam\u00a0v\u00e0\u00a0Trung \u00c2u, n\u01a1i\u00a0m\u00e0 lo\u00e0i n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3\u00a0thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m h\u00e0nh vi kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p v\u00e0o kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u00e2m l\u1ea5n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i bao g\u1ed3m: h\u00e0nh vi hung h\u0103ng, v\u00ed d\u1ee5, gi\u00fap lo\u00e0i thay th\u1ebf c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba; kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 l\u00e2y lan; h\u00e0nh vi \u0111\u00e0o hang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u00e1p l\u1ef1c m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 tr\u1ed1n tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt \u0103n th\u1ecbt, t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm ngu\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc trong m\u00f9a kh\u00f4 h\u1ea1n; v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi ch\u0103m s\u00f3c con non gi\u00fap t\u0103ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng s\u1ed1ng s\u00f3t c\u1ee7a con non.<\/p>\n

\"tom2\"<\/a><\/p>\n

m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i T\u00f4m h\u00f9m n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt (Ngu\u1ed3n:\u00a0http:\/\/www.scielo.br\/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0104-64972015000100002<\/a><\/p>\n

3.Ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 v\u00e0 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng du nh\u1eadp<\/strong><\/p>\n

T\u00f4m h\u00f9m n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt\u00a0(Procambarus clarkii)\u00a0<\/em>l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng lo\u00e0i t\u00f4m v\u1ecf c\u1ee9ng c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1eeb B\u1eafc M\u1ef9, t\u1edbi nay \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 t\u1ea1i h\u01a1n 20 qu\u1ed1c gia thu\u1ed9c c\u1ea3 5 Ch\u00e2u. T\u00f4m h\u00f9m n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u1edf c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u01b0: M\u1ef9, \u00dac, Na Uy, Ph\u00e1p, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, Trung Qu\u1ed1c\u2026 v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 qu\u1ed1c gia kh\u00e1c. T\u1eeb nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 30 c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX, t\u00f4m h\u00f9m n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadp t\u1eeb Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n v\u00e0o Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t t\u00e1n ra h\u01a1n 20 t\u1ec9nh c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c.<\/p>\n

4.T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a t\u00f4m h\u00f9m n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt<\/strong><\/p>\n

T\u00f4m h\u00f9m n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt\u00a0(Procambarus clarkii)<\/em>\u00a0l\u00e0 lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt \u0103n t\u1ea1p, c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u00edch nghi cao v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, nhanh ch\u00f3ng thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 \u1edf n\u01a1i ch\u00fang xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh lo\u00e0i ch\u1ee7 ch\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i. C\u00e1c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u1eadn tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi g\u1ed3m c\u1ea1nh tranh m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng, truy\u1ec1n b\u1ec7nh cho c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i t\u00f4m b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba, gi\u1ea3m qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt thu\u1ef7 sinh, \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng x\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ed1ng, \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt th\u00e2n m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt l\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u01b0 th\u00f4ng qua m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 \u0103n th\u1ecbt v\u00e0 c\u1ea1nh tranh; c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c thay \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m tr\u1ea7m t\u00edch, t\u00edch l\u0169y kim lo\u1ea1i n\u1eb7ng; c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u00e0o hang g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i cho h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u01b0\u1edbi ti\u00eau n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p; c\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0nh \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1eaft c\u00e1\u2026\u00a0 Lo\u00e0i n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u1eadn x\u00e2m l\u1ea5n t\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u01b0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, Kenya, Ai C\u1eadp, Uganda, Zambia, M\u00ea hi C\u00f4, C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a S\u00edp, Ph\u00e1p, \u00dd, B\u1ed3 \u0110\u00e0o Nha, T\u00e2y Ban Nha\u2026 Vi\u1ec7c du nh\u1eadp t\u00f4m h\u00f9m n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 trong qu\u1ea7n x\u00e3 th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba.<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. clarkii<\/em>\u0111\u00e3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 suy gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a t\u00f4m b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba ch\u00e2u \u00c2u trong h\u1ecd Astacidae th\u00f4ng qua truy\u1ec1n b\u1ec7nh d\u1ecbch t\u00f4m c\u00e0ng (Aphanomyces astaci) v\u00e0 c\u1ea1nh tranh tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i nguy c\u1ea5p bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i\u00a0Austropotamobius pallipes, Astacus astacus, Austropotamobius torrentium<\/em>. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u0169ng nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y lo\u00e0i t\u00f4m h\u00f9m n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt\u00a0P. clarkii<\/em>c\u0169ng c\u1ea1nh tranh v\u1edbi t\u00f4m b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba \u1edf Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0103n th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a\u00a0P. clarkii<\/em>\u00a0th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u00e2y gi\u1ea3m sinh kh\u1ed1i v\u00e0 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt th\u1ee7y sinh c\u1ee1 l\u1edbn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u1eadn t\u1ea1i h\u1ed3 Chozas, T\u00e2y Ban Nha, H\u1ed3 Naivasha \u1edf Kenya, H\u1ed3 Massaciuccoli \u1edf \u00dd, H\u1ed3 Doccia \u1edf \u00dd, v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t ng\u1eadp n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00f9ng \u0110\u1ecba Trung H\u1ea3i v\u00e0 b\u00e1n \u0111\u1ea3o Iberia.<\/p>\n

    Th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ki\u1ebfm \u0103n v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi \u0111\u00e0o hang c\u1ee7a\u00a0P. clarkii<\/em>\u00a0l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc, t\u0103ng s\u1ef1 x\u00e1o tr\u1ed9n sinh h\u1ecdc, v\u00e0 gia t\u0103ng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng t\u1eeb tr\u1ea7m t\u00edch. Nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i th\u1ee7y sinh v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 g\u00e2y ra s\u1ef1 b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a vi khu\u1ea9n lam (Cyanobacterium). C\u00e1c hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u1eadn trong C\u00f4ng vi\u00ean Qu\u1ed1c gia Las Tablas de daimiel \u1edf T\u00e2y Ban Nha, t\u1ea1i Alentejo \u1edf B\u1ed3 \u0110\u00e0o Nha v\u00e0 t\u1ea1i Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n

    C\u00e1c \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a\u00a0P. clarkii<\/em>\u00a0\u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u1eadn t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u n\u01a1i tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. C\u00e1c h\u00e0nh vi \u0111\u00e0o hang c\u1ee7a\u00a0P. clarkii<\/em>\u00a0th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u00e2y t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00ea \u0111i\u1ec1u v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u01b0\u1edbi ti\u00eau c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng. C\u00e1c ghi nh\u1eadn n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, Ai C\u1eadp, Kenya, \u00dd, T\u00e2y Ban Nha v\u00e0 Hoa K\u1ef3.\u00a0P. clarkii<\/em>\u00a0th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t lo\u00e0i \u01b0u th\u1ebf trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 ru\u1ed9ng l\u00faa. N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t trong c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh th\u1ee7y l\u1ee3i bao g\u1ed3m h\u1ed3 ch\u1ee9a, k\u00eanh d\u1eabn n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a ru\u1ed9ng l\u00faa,\u00a0P. clarkii<\/em>\u00a0c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 do ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e0o hang l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i th\u1ee7y v\u0103n, th\u1ea5t tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i cho c\u00e2y l\u00faa.<\/p>\n

    5.C\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t\u00a0\u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc:<\/em>\u00a0d\u00f9ng b\u1eaby, l\u01b0\u1edbi v\u1ee3t, l\u01b0\u1edbi\u00a0v\u00e2y\u00a0v\u00e0\u00a0\u0111\u00e1nh b\u1eaft b\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n.\u00a0 Th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 lo\u00e0i t\u00f4m\u00a0P. clarkii<\/em>\u00a0b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf\u00a0ch\u00fang \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u1eadn \u1edf h\u1ed3\u00a0Naivasha (Kenya); \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng\u00a0b\u1eaby\u00a0v\u00e0\u00a0lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf t\u00f4m ra kh\u1ecfi th\u1ea3m th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt n\u1ed5i nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba l\u1edbn.\u00a0C\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00e0 tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc ao nu\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1eaft t\u1eadn di\u1ec7t t\u00f4m con, ch\u1ec9nh d\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a\u00a0c\u00e1c con s\u00f4ng,\u00a0ho\u1eb7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc ho\u1eb7c h\u00e0ng r\u00e0o \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf\u00a0s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t t\u00e1n c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i t\u00f4m n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

    Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc<\/em>:\u00a0H\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t\u00a0c\u00f3 th\u1ec3\u00a0\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\u00a0s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng\u00a0\u0111\u1ec3\u00a0ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t\u00a0t\u00f4m\u00a0bao g\u1ed3m l\u00e2n h\u1eefu c\u01a1,\u00a0clo h\u1eefu c\u01a1\u00a0v\u00e0\u00a0thu\u1ed1c tr\u1eeb s\u00e2u t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p pyrethroid; nh\u1eefng c\u00e1 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu c\u00e1c m\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng kh\u00e1c nhau t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c\u00a0v\u00e0o\u00a0k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc\u00a0c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang,\u00a0c\u00e1c\u00a0c\u00e1 th\u1ec3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n\u00a0th\u00ec b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1 h\u01a1n.\u00a0Furadan\u00a05G (ho\u1ea1t ch\u1ea5t\u00a0l\u00e0 carbofuran)\u00a0c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y t\u1eed vong\u00a0cho\u00a0P.clarkii<\/em>\u00a0t\u1ea1i Kenya.\u00a0V\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 thu\u1ed1c di\u1ec7t tr\u1eeb \u0111\u1eb7c hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00f4m c\u00e0ng, n\u00ean c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng x\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ed1ng\u00a0kh\u00e1c, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0\u00a0\u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt ch\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1t,\u00a0c\u0169ng b\u1ecb ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t theo t\u00f4m,\u00a0v\u00e0\u00a0sau \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i t\u00e1i nh\u1eadp c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng x\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00e0y.\u00a0C\u00f3\u00a0l\u00fd do \u0111\u1ec3\u00a0lo ng\u1ea1i\u00a0v\u1ec1\u00a0s\u1ef1 t\u00edch l\u0169y v\u00e0 khuy\u1ebfch \u0111\u1ea1i sinh h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 trong chu\u1ed7i\u00a0th\u1ee9c \u0103n,\u00a0m\u1eb7c d\u00f9\u00a0\u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng lo ng\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi thu\u1ed1c tr\u1eeb s\u00e2u t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p pyrethroid. M\u1ed9t bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc\u00a0kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng pheromone (k\u00edch th\u00edch t\u1ed1) \u0111\u1eb7c hi\u1ec7u cho t\u00f4m c\u00e0ng ho\u1eb7c th\u1eadm ch\u00ed k\u00edch th\u00edch t\u1ed1 \u0111\u1eb7c hi\u1ec7u lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1eaby t\u00f4m h\u00f9m n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt.<\/p>\n

    Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t\u00a0sinh h\u1ecdc<\/em>:\u00a0Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p\u00a0ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t\u00a0sinh h\u1ecdc\u00a0c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m\u00a0vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c\u00a0\u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt \u0103n th\u1ecbt\u00a0c\u00e1,\u00a0sinh v\u1eadt g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh, v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng\u00a0c\u00e1c\u00a0vi sinh v\u1eadt\u00a0s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t\u00a0\u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1, v\u00ed d\u1ee5, vi khu\u1ea9n\u00a0Bacillus thuringiensis<\/em>\u00a0var.\u00a0israeliensis<\/em>.<\/p>\n

    6.C\u00e1c ch\u1ebf t\u00e0i x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u, ph\u00e1t t\u00e1n, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, kinh doanh t\u00f4m h\u00f9m n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Lo\u00e0i t\u00f4m h\u00f9m n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt l\u00e0 lo\u00e0i c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 x\u00e2m h\u1ea1i theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i Ph\u1ee5 l\u1ee5c II c\u1ee7a Th\u00f4ng t\u01b0 35\/2018\/TT-BTNMT, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi lo\u00e0i c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i lo\u00e0i trong Danh m\u1ee5c th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, kinh doanh \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n

    Theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n, lo\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng thu\u1ed9c Danh m\u1ee5c th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p kinh doanh t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Do \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m, lo\u00e0i ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u201c\u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 r\u1ee7i ro theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c B\u1ed9 N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n c\u1ea5p ph\u00e9p<\/em>\u201d (Kho\u1ea3n 4, \u0110i\u1ec1u 98, Lu\u1eadt Th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n 2017).<\/p>\n

    Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady chi\u1ec3u theo c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt, vi\u1ec7c nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u, kinh doanh lo\u00e0i t\u00f4m h\u00f9m n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt l\u00e0 tr\u00e1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb x\u1eed ph\u1ea1t nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n

    \u0110i\u1ec1u 10, Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ed1 185\/2013\/N\u0110-CP, ng\u00e0y 15 th\u00e1ng 11 n\u0103m 2013 c\u1ee7a Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh x\u1eed ph\u1ea1t vi ph\u1ea1m h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh trong ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, bu\u00f4n b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng gi\u1ea3, h\u00e0ng c\u1ea5m v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng c\u00f3 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh x\u1eed ph\u1ea1t vi ph\u1ea1m h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u00e0nh vi bu\u00f4n b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng c\u1ea5m (l\u00e0 h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p l\u01b0u h\u00e0nh, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam). Theo \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh vi bu\u00f4n b\u00e1n lo\u00e0i t\u00f4m h\u00f9m n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt s\u1ebd b\u1ecb x\u1eed ph\u1ea1t t\u1eeb 500.000 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ebfn 100.000.000 \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00f9y theo gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a tang v\u1eadt. Ngo\u00e0i ra, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 g\u1ed3m \u201cBu\u1ed9c ti\u00eau h\u1ee7y tang v\u1eadt l\u00e0 h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a, v\u1eadt ph\u1ea9m g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i cho s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, v\u1eadt nu\u00f4i, c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng, m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng\u2026\u201d<\/em>.<\/p>\n

    Theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i Kho\u1ea3n 7, \u0110i\u1ec1u 43 Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ed1 155\/2016\/N\u0110-CP ng\u00e0y 18 th\u00e1ng 11 n\u0103m 2016 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 x\u1eed ph\u1ea1t vi ph\u1ea1m h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng: H\u00e0nh vi nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt, th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt ngo\u1ea1i lai x\u00e2m h\u1ea1i b\u1ecb x\u1eed ph\u1ea1t t\u1eeb 20.000.000 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ebfn 1.000.000.000 t\u00f9y theo gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb tang v\u1eadt t\u1eeb d\u01b0\u1edbi 10.000.000 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ebfn d\u01b0\u1edbi 250.000.000 \u0111\u1ed3ng. Ngo\u00e0i ra, bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 bu\u1ed9c t\u00e1i xu\u1ea5t to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 lo\u00e0i ngo\u1ea1i lai x\u00e2m h\u1ea1i nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u tr\u00e1i ph\u00e9p ra kh\u1ecfi l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 n\u01b0\u1edbc C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p vi ph\u1ea1m quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i kho\u1ea3n 6 v\u00e0 kho\u1ea3n 7 \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u00e1i xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00ec\u00a0bu\u1ed9c ti\u00eau h\u1ee7y<\/strong>\u00a0to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 lo\u00e0i ngo\u1ea1i lai x\u00e2m h\u1ea1i nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u tr\u00e1i ph\u00e9p.<\/p>\n

    \u0110i\u1ec1u 246, B\u1ed9 Lu\u1eadt H\u00ecnh s\u1ef1 2015 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n

    1.Ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t trong c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh vi sau \u0111\u00e2y, th\u00ec b\u1ecb ph\u1ea1t ti\u1ec1n t\u1eeb 100.000.000 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ebfn 1.000.000.000 \u0111\u1ed3ng, ph\u1ea1t c\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o kh\u00f4ng giam gi\u1eef \u0111\u1ebfn 03 n\u0103m ho\u1eb7c ph\u1ea1t t\u00f9 t\u1eeb 01 n\u0103m \u0111\u1ebfn 05 n\u0103m:<\/em><\/p>\n

      \n
    1. a) Nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u tr\u00e1i ph\u00e9p lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt, th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt ngo\u1ea1i lai x\u00e2m h\u1ea1i ho\u1eb7c lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt, th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt ngo\u1ea1i lai c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 x\u00e2m h\u1ea1i trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p v\u1eadt ph\u1ea1m ph\u00e1p tr\u1ecb gi\u00e1 t\u1eeb 250.000.000 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ebfn d\u01b0\u1edbi 500.000.000 \u0111\u1ed3ng ho\u1eb7c trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p v\u1eadt ph\u1ea1m ph\u00e1p tr\u1ecb gi\u00e1 d\u01b0\u1edbi 250.000.000 \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb x\u1eed ph\u1ea1t vi ph\u1ea1m h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh v\u1ec1 h\u00e0nh vi n\u00e0y m\u00e0 c\u00f2n vi ph\u1ea1m;<\/em><\/li>\n
    2. b) Ph\u00e1t t\u00e1n lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt, th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt ngo\u1ea1i lai x\u00e2m h\u1ea1i ho\u1eb7c lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt, th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt ngo\u1ea1i lai c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 x\u00e2m h\u1ea1i, g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n t\u1eeb 150.000.000 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ebfn d\u01b0\u1edbi 500.000.000 \u0111\u1ed3ng.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      2.Ph\u1ea1m t\u1ed9i thu\u1ed9c m\u1ed9t trong c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p sau \u0111\u00e2y, th\u00ec b\u1ecb ph\u1ea1t t\u00f9 t\u1eeb 03 n\u0103m \u0111\u1ebfn 07 n\u0103m:<\/em><\/p>\n

        \n
      1. a) C\u00f3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c;<\/em><\/li>\n
      2. b) Nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u tr\u00e1i ph\u00e9p lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt, th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt ngo\u1ea1i lai x\u00e2m h\u1ea1i ho\u1eb7c lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt, th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt ngo\u1ea1i lai c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 x\u00e2m h\u1ea1i trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p v\u1eadt ph\u1ea1m ph\u00e1p tr\u1ecb gi\u00e1 500.000.000 \u0111\u1ed3ng tr\u1edf l\u00ean;<\/em><\/li>\n
      3. c) Ph\u00e1t t\u00e1n lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt, th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt ngo\u1ea1i lai x\u00e2m h\u1ea1i ho\u1eb7c lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt, th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt ngo\u1ea1i lai c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 x\u00e2m h\u1ea1i, g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n 500.000.000 \u0111\u1ed3ng tr\u1edf l\u00ean;<\/em><\/li>\n
      4. d) T\u00e1i ph\u1ea1m nguy hi\u1ec3m.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        3.Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea1m t\u1ed9i c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb ph\u1ea1t ti\u1ec1n t\u1eeb 50.000.000 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ebfn 500.000.000 \u0111\u1ed3ng, c\u1ea5m \u0111\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec7m ch\u1ee9c v\u1ee5, c\u1ea5m h\u00e0nh ngh\u1ec1 ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1eeb 01 n\u0103m \u0111\u1ebfn 05 n\u0103m.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n

        Ngo\u00e0i ra vi\u1ec7c nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u kh\u00f4ng khai b\u00e1o t\u00f4m h\u00f9m n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt c\u0169ng vi ph\u1ea1m quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ed1 127\/2013\/N\u0110-CP ng\u00e0y 15 th\u00e1ng 10 n\u0103m 2013 v\u1ec1 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh x\u1eed ph\u1ea1t vi ph\u1ea1m h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 c\u01b0\u1ee1ng ch\u1ebf thi h\u00e0nh quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c h\u1ea3i quan. Theo \u0111\u00f3, t\u1ea1i kho\u1ea3n 1, \u0110i\u1ec1u 7 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh:<\/p>\n

        \u201c1. Ph\u1ea1t ti\u1ec1n t\u1eeb 500.000 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ebfn 1.000.000 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t trong c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh vi vi ph\u1ea1m sau:<\/em><\/p>\n

          \n
        1. a) Kh\u00f4ng khai ho\u1eb7c khai kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1c n\u1ed9i dung tr\u00ean t\u1edd khai h\u1ea3i quan m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng thu\u1ed9c c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00eau t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c Kho\u1ea3n 2, 3, 4 \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y v\u00e0 \u0110i\u1ec1u 8, \u0110i\u1ec1u 13, \u0110i\u1ec1u 14 Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y<\/em>\u201d.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

           <\/p>\n

          CEID.GOV.VN<\/p>\n

          \n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

          T\u00f4m h\u00f9m n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt (c\u00f2n c\u00f3 t\u00ean g\u1ecdi trong d\u00e2n gian l\u00e0 t\u00f4m h\u00f9m \u0111\u1ea5t) c\u00f3 t\u00ean khoa h\u1ecdc l\u00e0\u00a0Procambarus clarkii, thu\u1ed9c danh m\u1ee5c lo\u00e0i ngo\u1ea1i lai c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 x\u00e2m h\u1ea1i ban h\u00e0nh k\u00e8m theo Th\u00f4ng t\u01b0 s\u1ed1 35\/2018\/TT-BTNMT ng\u00e0y 28 th\u00e1ng 12 n\u0103m 2018 c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng B\u1ed9 T\u00e0i nguy\u00ean v\u00e0 M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng […]\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6234,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[86],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6238"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6238"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6238\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6234"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6238"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6238"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6238"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}