{"id":6649,"date":"2014-07-06T10:09:45","date_gmt":"2014-07-06T03:09:45","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/antoansinhhoc.vn\/?p=1740"},"modified":"2014-07-06T10:09:45","modified_gmt":"2014-07-06T03:09:45","slug":"giai-ma-bo-gien-bach-dan","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/giai-ma-bo-gien-bach-dan\/","title":{"rendered":"Gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 b\u1ed9 gien b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n"},"content":{"rendered":"
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M\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 sinh h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 b\u1ed9 gen di truy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n nh\u1eb1m gi\u00fap con ng\u01b0\u1eddi khai th\u00e1c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ef1c nhanh n\u00e0y.<\/span>\u0110\u0103ng ng\u00e0y 06-07-2014<\/span> trong chuy\u00ean m\u1ee5c Tin th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Nh\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 sinh h\u1ecdc ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nam Phi Alexander Myburg v\u00e0 nh\u00f3m c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 tr\u00ean t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Nature: \u201cCh\u00fang t\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c gien m\u00e0 c\u00e2y b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n ho\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00e0nh Cellulose, Hemicellulose v\u00e0 Lignin. Nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u sinh h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c.\u201d<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f3, 80 nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc thu\u1ed9c 18 qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd: Kho\u1ea3ng m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n ba trong s\u1ed1 36.376 gien c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n ho\u00e1 th\u00e0nh protein, b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u1ea5u th\u00e0nh quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi sinh v\u1eadt, ch\u00fang xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u1edf d\u1ea1ng k\u00e9p v\u00e0 m\u00f3c n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nhau. Qua \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch v\u00ec sao lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y n\u00e0y l\u1ea1i l\u1edbn nhanh nh\u01b0 v\u1eady.<\/span>Ngo\u00e0i ra, nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u Myburg v\u00e0 nh\u00f3m c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gien nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t \u1edf c\u00e2y b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n Eucalyptus grandis trong s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, nh\u1eefng gien n\u00e0y m\u00e3 ho\u00e1 nh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh \u1edf trong c\u00e2y. Ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t Terpenes v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i d\u1ea7u d\u1ec5 b\u1ed1c h\u01a1i c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00e2y tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ef1 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng v\u00e0 vi khu\u1ea9n. Nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng ch\u00ednh v\u00ec nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i d\u1ea7u n\u00e0y, r\u1eebng b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb ho\u1ea3 ho\u1ea1n.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cSau n\u00e0y ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng gien nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n v\u00e0o vi khu\u1ea9n hay m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i men n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u sinh h\u1ecdc. Trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u00e1y bay ph\u1ea3n l\u1ef1c c\u1ee1 l\u1edbn d\u00f9ng nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n t\u00e1i sinh \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng,\u201d theo \u00f4ng Myburg.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u01b0\u01a1ng lai m\u00e0 nh\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 sinh h\u1ecdc Myburg v\u1ebd ra c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh s\u1ef1 m\u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Brazil, n\u01a1i c\u00f3 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch r\u1eebng b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 40.000 km2, l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Theo nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u Myburg th\u00ec \u201cngay trong n\u0103m nay Brazil c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u tr\u1ed3ng tr\u00ean di\u1ec7n r\u1ed9ng b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gien\u201d. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 can thi\u1ec7p v\u00e0o b\u1ed9 gien di truy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a lo\u1ea1i b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n gi\u1ed1ng m\u1edbi do \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00fang t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Cellulose cao h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi lo\u1ea1i b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/span><\/p>\n

Xu\u1ea5t x\u1ee9 t\u1eeb Australia, hi\u1ec7n b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed3ng \u1edf h\u01a1n 100 n\u01b0\u1edbc, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y Cellulose v\u00e0 nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u l\u00e0m gi\u1ea5y. Hi\u1ebfm c\u00f3 lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y r\u1eebng n\u00e0o c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i nh\u01b0 b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n: N\u1ebfu c\u1ed9ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng tr\u1ed3ng b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi l\u1ea1i th\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c di\u1ec7n t\u00edch t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc Anh.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean vi\u1ec7c tr\u1ed3ng lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y n\u00e0y c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 b\u1ea5t l\u1ee3i.\u00a0 B\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n h\u00fat r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng trong \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho m\u1eb7t n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ea7m b\u1ecb gi\u1ea3m s\u00fat. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn khan hi\u1ebfm n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u00f9ng.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7c tr\u1ed3ng nh\u1eefng c\u00e1nh r\u1eebng b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n b\u1ea1t ng\u00e0n c\u0169ng b\u1ecb ch\u1ec9 tr\u00edch m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n v\u00ec l\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ea5t r\u1eebng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, m\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c l\u00e0m \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng x\u1ea5u\u00a0 \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba v\u00ec r\u1eebng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean v\u1ed1n d\u0129 l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Tuy nhi\u00ean n\u1ebfu bi\u1ebft ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u00ec nh\u1eefng c\u00e1nh r\u1eebng b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n m\u1edbi tr\u1ed3ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t hoang ho\u00e1 v\u00ec s\u00ecnh l\u1ea7y.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi g\u1ed7 v\u00e0 gi\u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng t\u0103ng, do \u0111\u00f3 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch r\u1eebng b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n c\u0169ng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c t\u0103ng. Sau b\u1ea9y n\u0103m k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb khi tr\u1ed3ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1eb7t b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y g\u1ed7 v\u00e0 l\u00e0m b\u1ed9t gi\u1ea5y.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Theo Zeit Online<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

M\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 sinh h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 b\u1ed9 gen di truy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n nh\u1eb1m gi\u00fap con ng\u01b0\u1eddi khai th\u00e1c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ef1c nhanh n\u00e0y.\u0110\u0103ng ng\u00e0y 06-07-2014 trong chuy\u00ean m\u1ee5c Tin th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi Nh\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 sinh h\u1ecdc ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nam Phi Alexander Myburg v\u00e0 nh\u00f3m […]\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6357,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[87],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6649"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6649"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6649\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6357"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6649"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6649"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6649"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}