{"id":6672,"date":"2014-08-04T10:02:32","date_gmt":"2014-08-04T03:02:32","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/antoansinhhoc.vn\/?p=1701"},"modified":"2014-08-04T10:02:32","modified_gmt":"2014-08-04T03:02:32","slug":"giai-trinh-tu-bo-gien-cay-lua-chau-phi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/giai-trinh-tu-bo-gien-cay-lua-chau-phi\/","title":{"rendered":"Gi\u1ea3i tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 b\u1ed9 gien c\u00e2y l\u00faa ch\u00e2u Phi"},"content":{"rendered":"
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M\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1edfi tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Arizona \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 b\u1ed9 gen ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y l\u00faa ch\u00e2u Phi.<\/span>\u0110\u0103ng ng\u00e0y 04-08-2014<\/span> trong chuy\u00ean m\u1ee5c Tin th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Th\u00f4ng tin di truy\u1ec1n n\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u00fap t\u0103ng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 n\u00f4ng h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c m\u1eabu l\u00faa c\u1ee7a ch\u00e2u Phi, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 cho ph\u00e9p ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng l\u00faa m\u1edbi c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 gia t\u0103ng c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 n\u1ea1n \u0111\u00f3i.<\/p>\n

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B\u00e0i b\u00e1o “Tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 b\u1ed9 gien c\u1ee7a l\u00faa ch\u00e2u Phi (Oryza glaberrima) v\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 thu\u1ea7n h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp” \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u0103ng t\u1ea3i tr\u00ean t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn Nature Genetics.<\/div>\n
“L\u00faa g\u1ea1o nu\u00f4i s\u1ed1ng m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, khi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh c\u00e2y l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t”, Rod A. Wing \u2013 Gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c Vi\u1ec7n Di truy\u1ec1n Arizona t\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Arizona n\u00f3i. “L\u00faa g\u1ea1o s\u1ebd \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1i m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi 9 t\u1ef7 d\u00e2n”.<\/div>\n
C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi 9 t\u1ef7 d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n r\u1eb1ng d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi s\u1ebd t\u0103ng l\u00ean h\u01a1n 9 t\u1ef7 ng\u01b0\u1eddi – nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd s\u1ed1ng \u1edf c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c – n\u01a1i ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn ngu\u1ed3n l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 khan hi\u1ebfm \u2013 t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2050. C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi n\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7t trong gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ee7 l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 nu\u00f4i s\u1ed1ng d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe, kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi n\u1ea1n \u0111\u00f3i v\u00e0 suy dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng.<\/div>\n
Hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, v\u1edbi b\u1ed9 gien l\u00faa ch\u00e2u Phi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i tr\u00ecnh ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 n\u00f4ng h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm nh\u1eefng c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 lai t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u1ee7a ch\u00e2u \u00c1 v\u00e0 ch\u00e2u Phi \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng l\u00faa m\u1edbi v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh v\u1ec1 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t cao \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi l\u00faa ch\u00e2u \u00c1 v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a l\u00faa ch\u00e2u Phi.<\/div>\n
“C\u00e2y l\u00faa ch\u00e2u Phi m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa \u0111i \u0111\u1ea7u trong chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c canh t\u00e1c h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m s\u1eb5n c\u00f3”, Judith Carney – Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7n M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng t\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc California, Los Angeles v\u00e0 l\u00e0 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a “Black Rice\u201d cho bi\u1ebft.<\/div>\n
Carney c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a b\u00e0i b\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u0103ng t\u1ea3i tr\u00ean t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Nature Genetics n\u00e0y.<\/div>\n
M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 l\u00faa ch\u00e2u Phi hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed3ng \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u00edt c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, l\u00faa ch\u00e2u Phi kho\u1ebb h\u01a1n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng v\u1ec1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n so c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng ch\u00e2u \u00c1 trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng T\u00e2y Phi kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t h\u01a1n, Wing n\u00f3i.<\/div>\n
L\u00faa ch\u00e2u Phi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lai v\u1edbi l\u00faa ch\u00e2u \u00c1 \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t gi\u1ed1ng m\u1edbi theo m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m c\u00f3 t\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 NERICA, vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a Gi\u1ed1ng l\u00faa m\u1edbi cho ch\u00e2u Phi.<\/div>\n
B\u1ed9 gien l\u00faa ch\u00e2u Phi \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t quan tr\u1ecdng b\u1edfi v\u00ec c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u gien m\u00e3 h\u00f3a cho nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh khi\u1ebfn cho l\u00faa ch\u00e2u Phi c\u00f3 t\u00ednh kh\u00e1ng v\u1edbi c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 trong th\u1eddi gian h\u1ea1n h\u00e1n k\u00e9o d\u00e0i, \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1eb7n cao trong \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 l\u0169 l\u1ee5t.<\/div>\n
Nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a Wing chuy\u00ean ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1i m\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 di truy\u1ec1n h\u1ecdc g\u1ecdi b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 v\u1eadt l\u00fd – m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 gien. Nh\u00f3m c\u1ee7a Wing \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 v\u1eadt l\u00fd cho c\u00e2y l\u00faa ch\u00e2u \u00c1 v\u00e0 t\u1eb7ng n\u00f3 cho D\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u1ec1 b\u1ed9 Gien l\u00faa, \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 gien m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3.<\/div>\n
Trong ph\u00e2n t\u00edch 33.000 gien t\u1ea1o n\u00ean b\u1ed9 gien c\u1ee7a l\u00faa ch\u00e2u Phi, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra r\u1eb1ng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh thu\u1ea7n ho\u00e1, l\u00faa ch\u00e2u Phi v\u00e0 ch\u00e2u \u00c1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m di truy\u1ec1n t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nhau \u1edf c\u1ea3 hai lo\u00e0i, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0: \u0111\u1ed9 dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng cao v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh gi\u00fap cho vi\u1ec7c thu ho\u1ea1ch d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n.<\/div>\n
Ngo\u00e0i ra, tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 b\u1ed9 gien gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c li\u1ec7u c\u00e2y l\u00faa ch\u00e2u Phi ban \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu\u1ea7n h\u00f3a \u1edf m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i hay l\u00e0 \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u01a1i t\u1ea1i ch\u00e2u Phi. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch so s\u00e1nh b\u1ed9 gien v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac di truy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i hoang d\u1ea1i, Wing v\u00e0 nh\u00f3m c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra r\u1eb1ng n\u00f3 gi\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 l\u00faa hoang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m d\u1ecdc theo s\u00f4ng Niger \u1edf Mali. Nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o gi\u1ea3i tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch b\u1ed9 gien c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i l\u00faa hoang d\u1ea1i h\u1ecd h\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a l\u00faa ch\u00e2u Phi v\u00e0 ch\u00e2u \u00c1. “B\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 gien c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 gi\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i di truy\u1ec1n ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh”, Wing gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch.<\/div>\n
M\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 l\u00e0, s\u1ebd b\u1ed5 sung th\u00eam c\u00e1c gien kh\u00e1ng b\u1ec7nh t\u1eeb t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng l\u00faa hoang d\u00e3 v\u00e0o c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng l\u00faa \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c canh t\u00e1c, t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t si\u00eau c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng m\u1edbi c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng kh\u00e1ng s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh.<\/div>\n
Trong th\u00e1ng 11, Wing v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1 s\u1ebd t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c k\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m 10 n\u0103m ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n xong b\u1ed9 gien l\u00faa ch\u00e2u \u00c1 v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh m\u1edbi b\u1ed9 gien l\u00faa ch\u00e2u Phi t\u1ea1i H\u1ed9i th\u1ea3o qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 12 v\u1ec1 Gien ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y l\u00faa, h\u1ed9i th\u1ea3o s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c t\u1ea1i Tucson, Arizona.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

M\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1edfi tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Arizona \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 b\u1ed9 gen ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y l\u00faa ch\u00e2u Phi.\u0110\u0103ng ng\u00e0y 04-08-2014 trong chuy\u00ean m\u1ee5c Tin th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi Th\u00f4ng tin di truy\u1ec1n n\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u00fap t\u0103ng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 n\u00f4ng h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 […]\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1716,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[87],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6672"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6672"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6672\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1716"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6672"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6672"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6672"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}