{"id":6697,"date":"2015-05-02T09:19:13","date_gmt":"2015-05-02T02:19:13","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/antoansinhhoc.vn\/?p=1499"},"modified":"2015-05-02T09:19:13","modified_gmt":"2015-05-02T02:19:13","slug":"khoai-lang-bien-doi-gen-tu-nhien","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/khoai-lang-bien-doi-gen-tu-nhien\/","title":{"rendered":"Khoai lang “Bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gen” t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Khoai lang t\u1eeb kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a gien t\u1eeb vi khu\u1ea9n Agrobacterium m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u1eeb UGent v\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7n Khoai t\u00e2y qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf (CIP) \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n n\u00e0y tr\u00ean trang website c\u1ee7a PNAS (K\u1ef7 y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7n H\u00e0n l\u00e2m khoa h\u1ecdc qu\u1ed1c gia Hoa K\u1ef3).<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n
\u00a0Khoai lang l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng c\u00e2y l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t cho con ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Do s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a AND \u201cl\u1ea1\u201d n\u00e0y, khoai lang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u201cbi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gien t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean\u201d.<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 ADN l\u1ea1 c\u1ee7a Agrobacterium trong khi t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm h\u1ec7 gien – \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 m\u00e3 ADN \u2013 c\u1ee7a khoai lang cho c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh do vi-r\u00fat g\u00e2y ra. Thay v\u00ec g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0o ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n k\u1ef3 l\u1ea1 v\u1ec1 nhi\u1ec5m vi khu\u1ea9n trong c\u00e1c m\u1eabu th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00e1c tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i tr\u00ecnh chi ti\u1ebft h\u01a1n.<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
C\u00e1c tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong 291 gi\u1ed1ng khoai lang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u00e0i hoang d\u00e3 li\u00ean quan. C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng: c\u00e1c tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i do b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m khu\u1ea9n m\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 gien khoai lang.<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
Gien n\u00e0y trong c\u00e1c tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 ADN l\u1ea1 c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng minh l\u00e0 c\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh \u1edf khoai lang, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh t\u00edch c\u1ef1c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh thu\u1ea7n h\u00f3a.<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
\u0110\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y vi khu\u1ea9n, n\u1ea5m ho\u1eb7c ADN c\u1ee7a vi-r\u00fat trong h\u1ec7 gien c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt. Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch gien \u0111a l\u01b0\u1ee3ng (High throughput genome) trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra r\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u201cchuy\u1ec3n gien ngang\u201d (horizontal gene transfers). Trong m\u1ed9t chuy\u1ec3n gien ngang s\u1ebd c\u00f3 trao \u0111\u1ed5i gien gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i kh\u00e1c nhau – tr\u00e1i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi chuy\u1ec3n gien th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng truy\u1ec1n t\u1eeb cha m\u1eb9 sang cho con ch\u00e1u x\u1ea3y ra trong ph\u1ea1m vi m\u1ed9t lo\u00e0i.<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
Ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 cho th\u1ea5y ch\u00fang l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n gien ngang, nh\u01b0ng trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a khoai lang, c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn cho th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra. Agrobacterium l\u00e0 lo\u00e0i chuy\u00ean bi\u1ec7t chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a AND c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh n\u00f3, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 T-ADN sang cho th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt. V\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 T-ADN \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y trong khoai lang.<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf Agrobacterium s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p T-ADN c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh n\u00f3 v\u00e0o trong c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u di truy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt l\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gien. Trong khi Agrobacterium truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0a T-ADN c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 sang m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i t\u1ebf b\u00e0o th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt th\u00ec c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 sinh h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong vi\u1ec7c t\u00e1i sinh c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng t\u1eeb c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o n\u00e0y. Ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 T-ADN trong khoai lang hi\u1ec7n nay cho th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng b\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ed5 sung n\u00e0y c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra trong t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean t\u1eeb h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0n n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc. Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Lieve Gheysen cho bi\u1ebft: \u201cS\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean c\u1ee7a T-ADN Agrobacterium trong khoai lang v\u00e0 t\u00ednh di truy\u1ec1n \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 hay v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng trao \u0111\u1ed5i ADN qua r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n lo\u00e0i. N\u00f3 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf r\u1eb1ng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gien c\u0169ng s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra trong t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean. So v\u1edbi sinh v\u1eadt bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gien (GMOs) “t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean”, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y n\u1eb1m ngo\u00e0i t\u1ea7m ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta, GMOs nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf l\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta bi\u1ebft ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u01b0a th\u00eam v\u00e0o c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng\u201d.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Khoai lang t\u1eeb kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a gien t\u1eeb vi khu\u1ea9n Agrobacterium m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u1eeb UGent v\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7n Khoai t\u00e2y qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf (CIP) \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n n\u00e0y tr\u00ean trang website c\u1ee7a PNAS (K\u1ef7 y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7n H\u00e0n l\u00e2m khoa h\u1ecdc qu\u1ed1c gia Hoa K\u1ef3). […]\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6340,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[87],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6697"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6697"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6697\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6340"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6697"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6697"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6697"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}