V\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 4 th\u00e1ng 5 n\u0103m 2017, T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf v\u1ec1 Ti\u1ebfp thu c\u00e1c \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng C\u00f4ng\u00a0ngh\u1ec7 Sinh h\u1ecdc trong N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p (ISAAA) \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh b\u00e1o c\u00e1o th\u01b0\u1eddng ni\u00ean\u00a0c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 sinh h\u1ecdc (CNSH) hay c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng\u00a0bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gen (B\u0110G) tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u; b\u00e1o c\u00e1o cho th\u1ea5y di\u1ec7n t\u00edch canh t\u00e1c c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng\u00a0B\u0110G \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng g\u1ea5p 110 l\u1ea7n sau 21 n\u0103m th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i ho\u00e1 \u2013 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1eeb 1,7 tri\u1ec7u\u00a0hecta (ha) n\u0103m 1996 l\u00ean t\u1edbi 185,1 tri\u1ec7u ha v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2016. B\u00e1o c\u00e1o c\u0169ng ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c\u00a0cho th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c l\u1ee3i \u00edch l\u00e2u d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng B\u0110G \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi nh\u1ea5n\u00a0m\u1ea1nh ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e2y m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5p thu\u1eadn\u00a0th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i ho\u00e1 trong th\u1eddi gian g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng.\u00a0\u201cC\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng B\u0110G \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t trong c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n cung n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p quan tr\u1ecdng,\u00a0mang l\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i \u00edch l\u00e2u d\u00e0i cho n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi khi n\u0103ng su\u1ea5tc\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng\u00a0\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng canh t\u00e1c\u201d, Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch ISAAA\u00a0– Paul S. Teng, \u201cS\u1ef1 ch\u1ea5p thu\u1eadn th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i h\u00f3a v\u00e0 canh t\u00e1c c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng khoai t\u00e2y\u00a0v\u00e0 t\u00e1o bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gen g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc cho th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i \u00edch tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp d\u00e0nh\u00a0chong\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng khi th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u c\u1ee7a CNSH \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u00edt b\u1ecb th\u1ed1i\u00a0ho\u1eb7c b\u1ecb h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m b\u1ecb l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed\u00a0v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed mua s\u1eafm.\u201d<\/p>\n
Khi nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u s\u00e2u h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a CNSH, b\u00e1o c\u00e1o ISAAA c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 ra\u00a0r\u1eb1ng\u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng B\u0110G \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i kh\u00ed CO2 t\u01b0\u01a1ng\u00a0\u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c ng\u1eebng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng 12 tri\u1ec7u chi\u1ebfc \u00f4 t\u00f4 h\u00e0ng n\u0103m; \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi gi\u1ea3m\u00a0b\u1edbt t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c t\u1eeb canh t\u00e1c n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p l\u00ean m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c\u00a0gi\u1ea3m 19% nhu c\u1ea7u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c tr\u1eeb s\u00e2u v\u00e0 thu\u1ed1c tr\u1eeb c\u1ecf. Th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c\u00a0qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, vi\u1ec7c canh t\u00e1c c\u00e1c c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng B\u0110G \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u\u00a0n\u1ea1n \u0111\u00f3i khi gi\u00fapn\u00e2ng cao thu nh\u1eadp cho kho\u1ea3ng 18 tri\u1ec7u n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n c\u00f9ng gia \u0111\u00ecnh\u00a0c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 gi\u00fap c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh cho h\u01a1n 65 tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n
\u201cC\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 sinh h\u1ecdc, c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gen l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p\u00a0c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n canh t\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n tr\u00ean di\u1ec7n t\u00edch \u0111\u1ea5t \u00edt h\u01a1n\u201d,\u00a0\u0110i\u1ec1u ph\u1ed1i vi\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a ISAAA – Randy Hautea – gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch th\u00eam. \u201cTuy nhi\u00ean,\u00a02\u00a0ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng B\u0110G ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edf ra khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3\u00a0mua v\u00e0 tr\u1ed3ng nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y n\u00e0y, th\u00f4ng qua qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh xem x\u00e9t ph\u00e1p l\u00fd v\u00e0 c\u1ea5p\u00a0ph\u00e9p m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch khoa h\u1ecdc.\u201d\u00a0Khi c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng B\u0110G \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5p thu\u1eadn v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i ho\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n,\u00a0ISAAA k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y n\u00e0y trong canh t\u00e1c n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p s\u1ebd\u00a0ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c gia t\u0103ng v\u00e0 l\u00e0m l\u1ee3i cho n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n
V\u00ed d\u1ee5, t\u1ea1i ch\u00e2u Phi \u2013n\u01a1i c\u00f3 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c tr\u1edf ng\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 h\u00e0nh lang ph\u00e1p l\u00fd\u00a0\u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng B\u0110G, \u0111\u00e3 cho th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u.\u00a0N\u0103m 2016, Nam Phi v\u00e0 Sudan \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch canh t\u00e1c tr\u1ed3ng ng\u00f4, \u0111\u1eadu n\u00e0nh\u00a0v\u00e0 b\u00f4ng B\u0110G t\u1eeb 2,29 tri\u1ec7u hecta v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2015 l\u00ean 2.66 tri\u1ec7u ha n\u0103m 2016. T\u1ea1i\u00a0c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c, m\u1ed9t l\u00e0n s\u00f3ng ch\u1ea5p thu\u1eadn m\u1edbi c\u0169ng \u0111ang lan r\u1ed9ng t\u1ea1i Kenya,\u00a0Malawi, Nigeria, Ethiopia, Ghana, Swaziland v\u00e0 Uganda, t\u1ea1o ra nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn\u00a0trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5p thu\u1eadn th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e2y\u00a0tr\u1ed3ng B\u0110G.\u00a0\u201cTh\u1eadm ch\u00ed k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 khi c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u00e1p l\u00fd c\u00f2n nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n t\u1ea1i Ch\u00e2u\u00a0Phi v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c canh t\u00e1c c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng B\u0110G b\u1edfi h\u1ecd nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u1ec1 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t v\u00e0\u00a0t\u00ednh \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e2y n\u00e0y\u201d, Hautea cho bi\u1ebft, \u201cKhi c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c\u00a0gia \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p nh\u1eb1m t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n chonh\u1eefnglo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y nh\u01b0 chu\u1ed1i, \u0111\u1eadu\u00a0\u0111\u0169a v\u00e0 cao l\u01b0\u01a1ng, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i tin r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c canh t\u00e1c c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng B\u0110G s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c\u00a0\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng t\u1ea1i ch\u00e2u Phi c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c.\u201d<\/p>\n
C\u0169ng v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2016, Brazil c\u00f3 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch canh t\u00e1c ng\u00f4, \u0111\u1eadu n\u00e0nh, b\u00f4ng v\u00e0 h\u1ea1t c\u1ea3i\u00a0d\u1ea7u B\u0110G t\u0103ng 11% \u2013 duy tr\u00ec l\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1edbn th\u1ee9 2 sau Hoa K\u1ef3 canh t\u00e1c c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng\u00a0B\u0110G tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. T\u1ea1i Brazil, di\u1ec7n t\u00edch \u0111\u1eadu n\u00e0nh B\u0110G chi\u1ebfm 32,7 tri\u1ec7u hecta\u00a0trong s\u1ed1 91,4 tri\u1ec7u hecta canh t\u00e1c c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng n\u00e0y to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u.\u00a0N\u0103m 2016, theo b\u00e1o c\u00e1o c\u1ee7a ISAAA, c\u00e1cb\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfn trong vi\u1ec7c th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i ho\u00e1 v\u00e0\u00a0canh t\u00e1c rau qu\u1ea3 B\u0110G \u0111\u00e3 mang l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i \u00edch tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng.\u00a0Nh\u1eefng b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfn n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ea5p thu\u1eadn th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi khoai t\u00e2y\u00a0Innate Russet Burbank Gen 2, c\u1ea5p ph\u00e9p b\u1edfi Cuc qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 d\u01b0\u1ee3c\u00a0ph\u1ea9m Hoa K\u1ef3 (FDA); v\u00e0 khoai t\u00e2y Simplot Gen 1 White Russet \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho ph\u00e9p\u00a03\u00a0b\u00e0y b\u00e1n t\u1ea1i th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m t\u01b0\u01a1i s\u1ed1ng b\u1edfi C\u01a1 quan s\u1ee9c kho\u1ebb Canada\u00a0(Health Canada). Nh\u1eefng gi\u1ed1ng khoai t\u00e2y B\u0110G n\u00e0y c\u00f3 m\u1ee9c asparagine th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n,\u00a0gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a acrylamide trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u1ea5u n\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec7t\u00a0\u0111\u1ed9 cao. Th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ed1ng t\u00e1o Arctic \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5p ph\u00e9p th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 cho\u00a0thu ho\u1ea1ch v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2016, c\u1ea5t tr\u1eef trong su\u1ed1t m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 b\u00e0y b\u00e1n t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c\u00a0c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng t\u1ea1p ho\u00e1 c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2017.<\/p>\n