{"id":738,"date":"2015-04-05T04:02:15","date_gmt":"2015-04-04T21:02:15","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/antoansinhhoc.vn\/?p=738"},"modified":"2015-04-05T04:02:15","modified_gmt":"2015-04-04T21:02:15","slug":"muoi-diem-noi-bat-cua-cay-trong-bien-doi-gen-trong-nam-2014","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/muoi-diem-noi-bat-cua-cay-trong-bien-doi-gen-trong-nam-2014\/","title":{"rendered":"M\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gen trong n\u0103m 2014"},"content":{"rendered":"
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C\u01a1 quan d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf v\u1ec1 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 sinh h\u1ecdc n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p (ISAAA) \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea m\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gen trong n\u0103m 2014.<\/span>\u0110\u0103ng ng\u00e0y 05-04-2015<\/span> trong chuy\u00ean m\u1ee5c Tin th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n
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ISAAA l\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c phi l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o tr\u1ee3 b\u1edfi c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7. Di\u1ec7n t\u00edch c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gen \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh ri\u00eang r\u1ebd theo lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng t\u00ednh theo s\u1ed1 t\u00ednh tr\u1ea1ng chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0o c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng. Th\u00f4ng tin chi ti\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra trong B\u00e1o c\u00e1o t\u00f3m t\u1eaft s\u1ed1 49 v\u1ec1 \u201cHi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng CNSH\/c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng chuy\u1ec3n gen \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i h\u00f3a tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u n\u0103m 2014\u201d, t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 Clive James:<\/p>\n

TH\u1ee8 1. N\u0103m 2014 l\u00e0 n\u0103m th\u1ee9 19, c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 sinh h\u1ecdc (CNSH) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i h\u00f3a th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng<\/p><\/div>\n

K\u1ec3 t\u1eeb khi c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gen \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c canh t\u00e1c n\u0103m 1996 \u0111\u1ebfn nay, t\u1ed5ng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch l\u0169y k\u1ebf ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng c\u00f3 l\u00e0 h\u01a1n 1,8 t\u1ef7 hecta (h\u01a1n 4 t\u1ef7 m\u1eabu cho n\u0103m\u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean) \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu ho\u1ea1ch, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi ~ 180% so v\u1edbi t\u1ed5ng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch \u0111\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c hay Hoa K\u1ef3. N\u0103m 2014, c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng CNSH \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c canh t\u00e1c t\u1ea1i 28 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 t\u1ed5ng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch t\u0103ng l\u00ean h\u01a1n 100 l\u1ea7n, t\u1eeb 1,7 tri\u1ec7u hecta n\u0103m 1996 l\u00ean 181,5 tri\u1ec7u hecta n\u0103m 2014 \u2013 t\u0103ng 6,3 tri\u1ec7u hecta so v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c t\u0103ng 5,0 tri\u1ec7u hecta v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2013, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng h\u00e0ng n\u0103m kho\u1ea3ng 3 \u0111\u1ebfn 4%. T\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng g\u1ea5p 100 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0a c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng CNSH tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng nhanh nh\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nay \u2013 l\u00fd do \u2013 ch\u00fang \u0111em \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch. S\u1ed1 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng CNSH t\u0103ng h\u01a1n 4 l\u1ea7n t\u1eeb 6 n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u0103m 1996 th\u00e0nh 28 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2014, t\u0103ng th\u00eam m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eeb n\u0103m 2013.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n
TH\u1ee8 2. S\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n canh t\u00e1c c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng CNSH. V\u00e0o n\u0103m 2014, 18 tri\u1ec7u n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n, trong \u0111\u00f3 90% l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ti\u1ec3u n\u00f4ng ngh\u00e8o, canh t\u00e1c m\u1ed9t m\u1ee9c k\u1ef7 l\u1ee5c 181 tri\u1ec7u hecta c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng CNSH t\u1ea1i 28 qu\u1ed1c gia. N\u00f4ng d\u00e2n l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng chuy\u00ean gia v\u1ec1 ch\u1ed1ng r\u1ee7i ro v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng cao n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t th\u00f4ng qua canh t\u00e1c b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng (canh t\u00e1c li\u00ean t\u1ee5c tr\u00ean di\u1ec7n t\u00edch 1,5 t\u1ef7 hecta \u0111\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, gi\u00fap b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 r\u1eebng v\u00e0 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc). V\u00ec nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i \u00edch to l\u1edbn m\u00e0 ch\u00fang mang l\u1ea1i, 7,1 tri\u1ec7u h\u1ed9 ti\u1ec3u n\u00f4ng \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 7,7 tri\u1ec7u \u1edf \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ecdn canh t\u00e1c tr\u00ean 15 tri\u1ec7u hecta b\u00f4ng Bt n\u0103m 2014. T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 trong n\u0103m 2014, 415.000 ti\u1ec3u n\u00f4ng t\u1ea1i Philippin \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i \u00edch t\u1eeb ng\u00f4 CNSH.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n
TH\u1ee8 3. S\u1ef1 quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m cao c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap Bangladesh l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i h\u00f3a C\u00e0 t\u00edm Bt. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, Bangladesh, m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1ecf ngh\u00e8o v\u1edbi 150 tri\u1ec7u d\u00e2n, \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00ea chu\u1ea9n gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e0 t\u00edm Bt v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 30 th\u00e1ng 10 n\u0103m 2013 v\u00e0 trong th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn k\u1ef7 l\u1ee5c \u2013 g\u1ea7n 100 ng\u00e0y sau khi ph\u00ea chu\u1ea9n \u2013 c\u00e1c h\u1ed9 n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n nh\u1ecf \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u canh t\u00e1c c\u00e0 t\u00edm Bt v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 22 th\u00e1ng 1 n\u0103m 2014. S\u1ef1 nhanh ch\u00f3ng n\u00e0y s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 t\u00edch c\u1ef1c t\u1eeb Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t t\u1eeb B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p Matia Chowdhury \u2013 \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 kinh nghi\u1ec7m cho c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 ngh\u00e8o. Bangladesh \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1ea3o nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ed3ng ru\u1ed9ng gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e0 chua CNSH v\u00e0 tri\u1ec3n khai tr\u1ed3ng l\u00faa v\u00e0 b\u00f4ng CNSH.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n
TH\u1ee8 4. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng CNSH \u201cm\u1edbi\u201d, hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00ea chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o canh t\u00e1c, bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c c\u00e2y l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c \u2013 khoai t\u00e2y \u1edf M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 c\u00e0 t\u00edm \u1edf Bangladesh. N\u0103m 2014, M\u1ef9 th\u00f4ng qua hai lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng CNSH \u201cm\u1edbi\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o canh t\u00e1c: Khoai t\u00e2y InnateTM, c\u00e2y l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c v\u1edbi h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng acrylamide, ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng g\u00e2y ung th\u01b0, th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n v\u00e0 \u00edt hao h\u1ee5t do th\u00e2m t\u00edm; v\u00e0 C\u1ecf alfalfa KK179 (HarvXtraTM) c\u00f3 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng lignin gi\u1ea3m, s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t cao (c\u1ecf Alfalfa l\u00e0 c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng cho th\u1ee9c \u0103n ch\u0103n nu\u00f4i s\u1ed1 m\u1ed9t tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi). Indonesia \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00ea chu\u1ea9n s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n m\u00eda ch\u1ecbu h\u1ea1n. Brazil ph\u00ea chu\u1ea9n s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n CultivanceTM, m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1eadu n\u00e0nh HT, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eadu kh\u00e1ng virus tr\u1ed3ng trong nh\u00e0, s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2016. Vi\u1ec7t Nam ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t ng\u00f4 CNSH (HT v\u00e0 IR) cho l\u1ea7n canh t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2014. Th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m CNSH hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i mang l\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i \u00edch cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng (ng\u00f4 tr\u1eafng \u1edf Nam Phi, c\u1ee7 c\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 ng\u00f4 non \u1edf Hoa K\u1ef3 v\u00e0 Canada, v\u00e0 \u0111u \u0111\u1ee7, b\u00ed \u1edf Hoa K\u1ef3) nh\u1eefng c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m CNSH m\u1edbi bao g\u1ed3m vua c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i rau (c\u00e0 t\u00edm) \u1edf Bangladesh v\u00e0 khoai t\u00e2y \u1edf Hoa K\u1ef3 – Khoai t\u00e2y l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m quan tr\u1ecdng th\u1ee9 4 tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p v\u00e0o an ninh th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia nh\u01b0 Trung qu\u1ed1c (6 tri\u1ec7u hecta khoai t\u00e2y), \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 (2 tri\u1ec7u) v\u00e0 Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u (~2 tri\u1ec7u).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n
TH\u1ee8 5. N\u0103m qu\u1ed1c gia d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7u trong canh t\u00e1c c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng CNSH. Hoa K\u1ef3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c l\u00e0 qu\u1ed1c gia d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi 73,1 tri\u1ec7u hecta (40% th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi) v\u1edbi t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng h\u01a1n 90% cho nh\u1eefng c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng ch\u00ednh bao g\u1ed3m ng\u00f4 (93% \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng) \u0111\u1eadu t\u01b0\u01a1ng (94%) v\u00e0 b\u00f4ng (96%). Trong 5 n\u0103m v\u1eeba qua Brazil d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7u trong m\u1ee9c t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng h\u00e0ng n\u0103m nh\u01b0ng n\u0103m 2014, Hoa K\u1ef3 \u0111\u00e3 v\u01b0\u01a1n l\u00ean x\u1ebfp s\u1ed1 1, v\u1edbi 3 tri\u1ec7u hecta, so v\u1edbi 1,9 tri\u1ec7u hecta \u1edf Brazil. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, Brazil tr\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1eadu t\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u1ecbu thu\u1ed1c tr\u1eeb c\u1ecf\/kh\u00e1ng s\u00e2u v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn k\u1ef7 l\u1ee5c l\u00e0 5,2 tri\u1ec7u hecta trong n\u0103m th\u1ee9 hai canh t\u00e1c. Argentina duy tr\u00ec v\u1ecb tr\u00ed th\u1ee9 3, gi\u1ea3m nh\u1eb9 xu\u1ed1ng 24,3 tri\u1ec7u hecta, t\u1eeb 24,4 tri\u1ec7u hecta n\u0103m 2013. \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 x\u1ebfp th\u1ee9 4, v\u1edbi ghi nh\u1eadn 11,6 tri\u1ec7u hecta b\u00f4ng Bt (11,0 n\u0103m 2013), v\u00e0 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng 95%. Canada \u0111\u1ee9ng th\u1ee9 5 v\u1edbi c\u00f9ng 11,6 tri\u1ec7u hecta, nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ea3i d\u1ea7u h\u01a1n v\u00e0 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cao 95%. N\u0103m 2014, m\u1ed7i qu\u1ed1c gia trong n\u0103m qu\u1ed1c gia h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ed3ng tr\u00ean 10 tri\u1ec7u hecta t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n m\u00f3ng v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc, v\u00e0 r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn cho s\u1ef1 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n
TH\u1ee8 6. Ng\u00f4 ch\u1ecbu h\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed3ng \u1edf Hoa K\u1ef3 n\u0103m 2013 t\u0103ng h\u01a1n 5 l\u1ea7n trong n\u0103m 2014. Gi\u1ed1ng ng\u00f4 chuy\u1ec3n gen ch\u1ecbu h\u1ea1n DroughtGardTM, l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed3ng \u1edf Hoa K\u1ef3 n\u0103m 2013, \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng 5,5 l\u1ea7n t\u1eeb 50.000 hecta n\u0103m 2013 l\u00ean 275.000 hecta n\u0103m 2014 ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ed9 n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n \u2013 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u cho m\u1ed1i li\u00ean k\u1ebft c\u00f4ng-t\u01b0, D\u1ef1 \u00e1n Ng\u00f4 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng N\u01b0\u1edbc Hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 t\u1ea1i Ch\u00e2u Phi (WEMA) nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i gi\u1ed1ng ng\u00f4 ch\u1ecbu h\u1ea1n CNSH cho c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn \u1edf khu v\u1ef1c Ch\u00e2u Phi v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2017.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n
TH\u1ee8 7. Hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng CNSH t\u1ea1i Ch\u00e2u Phi. Ch\u00e2u l\u1ee5c n\u00e0y ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1edbi Nam Phi, gi\u1ea3m nh\u1eb9 xu\u1ed1ng 2,7 tri\u1ec7u hecta ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 do h\u1ea1n h\u00e1n. Sudan t\u0103ng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u00f4ng Bt kho\u1ea3ng 50%, trong khi \u0111\u00f3 h\u1ea1n h\u00e1n \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng 0,5 tri\u1ec7u hecta \u1edf Burkina Faso. B\u1ea3y qu\u1ed1c gia c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i (Cameroon, Ai C\u1eadp, Ghana, Kenya, Malawi, Nigeria v\u00e0 Uganda) \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh tr\u1ed3ng th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ed3ng ru\u1ed9ng, b\u01b0\u1edbc cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i h\u00f3a. \u0110i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng, d\u1ef1 \u00e1n WEMA \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i gi\u1ed1ng ng\u00f4 chuy\u1ec3n gen \u0111a t\u00ednh tr\u1ea1ng ch\u1ecbu h\u1ea1n (DT) v\u00e0 kh\u00e1ng s\u00e2u, c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng (Bt) l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean t\u1ea1i Nam Phi v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2017. Thi\u1ebfu h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd, quy \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi gian\/chi ph\u00ed l\u00e0 tr\u1edf ng\u1ea1i l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t cho vi\u1ec7c tri\u1ec3n khai. Nh\u1eefng quy t\u1eafc ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu, nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng phi\u1ec1n h\u00e0, l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ed9 n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f2n ngh\u00e8o.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n
TH\u1ee8 8. Hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng CNSH t\u1ea1i Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u. N\u0103m n\u01b0\u1edbc Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c tr\u1ed3ng 143.016 hecta, gi\u1ea3m nh\u1eb9 kho\u1ea3ng 3% so v\u1edbi n\u0103m 2013. T\u00e2y Ban Nha d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi 131.538 hecta ng\u00f4 Bt, gi\u1ea3m 3% so v\u1edbi n\u0103m 2013, nh\u01b0ng v\u1edbi t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng k\u1ef7 l\u1ee5c l\u00e0 31,6%. T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng khi\u00eam t\u1ed1n \u1edf ba n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m nh\u1eb9 t\u1ea1i 2 n\u01b0\u1edbc Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu do canh t\u00e1c ng\u00f4 gi\u1ea3m v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 quan li\u00eau.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n
TH\u1ee8 9. L\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng CNSH. M\u1ed9t ph\u00e2n t\u00edch t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u n\u0103m 2014 m\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn t\u00ednh \u0111a l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng CNSH trong su\u1ed1t 20 n\u0103m qua. Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a 147 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u trong 20 n\u0103m v\u1eeba qua x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng \u201c\u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 GM trung b\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3m 37% vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc, s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng t\u0103ng l\u00ean 22%, v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n t\u0103ng l\u00ean 68%\u201d. Nh\u1eefng s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y minh ch\u1ee9ng cho nh\u1eefng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u h\u00e0ng n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. S\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra cho giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 1996 – 2013 \u0111\u00e3 cho th\u1ea5y c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng CNSH g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n cho s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng, an ninh l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 th\u00edch \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu\/M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch: t\u0103ng s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb 133 t\u1ef7 USD; \u0111em l\u1ea1i m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n b\u1edfi vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m ~ 500 tri\u1ec7u kg c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1996 \u0111\u1ebfn 2012; ri\u00eang n\u0103m 2013 \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i kh\u00ed CO2 t\u1edbi 28 t\u1ef7 kg, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf 12,4 tri\u1ec7u chi\u1ebfc xe l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng trong m\u1ed9t n\u0103m; b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m 132 hecta \u0111\u1ea5t t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1996-2013; v\u00e0 gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m ngh\u00e8o cho >16,5 tri\u1ec7u h\u1ed9 n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n nh\u1ecf, t\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng >65 tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u00e8o nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. C\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng CNSH l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p duy nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c t\u1eadp qu\u00e1n th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p t\u1ed1t nh\u01b0 lu\u00e2n canh v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u00ednh kh\u00e1ng, l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng CNSH c\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n
TH\u1ee8 10. Tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng cho t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. L\u1ea1c quan th\u1eadn tr\u1ecdng v\u1edbi d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o m\u1ee9c t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng h\u00e0ng n\u0103m khi\u00eam t\u1ed1n do t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00e3 \u1edf m\u1ee9c kh\u00e1 cao (90% \u0111\u1ebfn 100%) \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng CNSH ch\u00ednh hi\u1ec7n nay, \u1edf quy m\u00f4 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ra nh\u1eefng th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1edbn t\u1ea1i c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. L\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng CNSH m\u1edbi, ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 (t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi canh t\u00e1c v\u00e0 nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u) s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng trong 5 n\u0103m t\u1edbi hay l\u00e2u h\u01a1n \u2013 m\u1ed9t danh s\u00e1ch h\u01a1n 70 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7t k\u00ea trong b\u1ea3n B\u00e1o c\u00e1o t\u00f3m t\u1eaft. Ch\u00fang bao g\u1ed3m, h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t nh\u1eefng c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 t\u00ednh tr\u1ea1ng m\u1edbi c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111a ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng kh\u00e1ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecbu thu\u1ed1c tr\u1eeb c\u1ecf; L\u00faa V\u00e0ng \u0111ang th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ed3ng ru\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 khoai t\u00e2y kh\u00e1ng b\u1ec7nh m\u1ed1c s\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ed3ng ru\u1ed9ng t\u1ea1i Bangladesh, Indonesia v\u00e0 \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9. T\u1ea1i Hoa K\u1ef3, Simplot \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb ph\u00ea chu\u1ea9n s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n Khoai t\u00e2y InnateTM t\u0103ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng kh\u00e1ng b\u1ec7nh m\u1ed1c s\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5p; c\u00e1c c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u00e8o, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u1edf Ch\u00e2u Phi, nh\u01b0 chu\u1ed1i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eadu kh\u00e1ng c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng; quan h\u1ec7 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c c\u00f4ng-t\u01b0 (PPP) \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t \u2013 b\u1ed1n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u theo h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c PPP, \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea1m vi c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng kh\u00e1c nhau t\u1ea1i ba \u0111\u1ea1i l\u1ee5c ph\u00eda Nam, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y trong ph\u1ea7n B\u00e1o c\u00e1o t\u00f3m t\u1eaft.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Theo Ph\u00f2ng Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ngu\u1ed3n gen v\u00e0 An to\u00e0n sinh h\u1ecdc<\/p>\n

C\u1ee5c B\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

C\u01a1 quan d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf v\u1ec1 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 sinh h\u1ecdc n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p (ISAAA) \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea m\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gen trong n\u0103m 2014.\u0110\u0103ng ng\u00e0y 05-04-2015 trong chuy\u00ean m\u1ee5c Tin th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ISAAA l\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c phi l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o tr\u1ee3 b\u1edfi c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 […]\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":364,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[87,86],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/738"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=738"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/738\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/364"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=738"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=738"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=738"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}