{"id":833,"date":"2014-03-24T06:32:20","date_gmt":"2014-03-23T23:32:20","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/antoansinhhoc.vn\/?p=833"},"modified":"2014-03-24T06:32:20","modified_gmt":"2014-03-23T23:32:20","slug":"cay-cao-su-bien-doi-gen-tiem-nang-thuong-mai","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/cay-cao-su-bien-doi-gen-tiem-nang-thuong-mai\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u00e2y cao su bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gen – ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

T\u1eeb khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o tr\u1ed3ng t\u1eeb cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 19, c\u00e2y cao su Heave \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 trong khai th\u00e1c s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng so v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng kh\u00e1c. N\u0103ng su\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nay c\u1ee7a cao su \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00e2n l\u00ean g\u1ea5p 4 l\u1ea7n so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e2y c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1eeb b\u1ed9 s\u01b0u t\u1eadp c\u1ee7a Wickham.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u0103ng ng\u00e0y 24-03-2014<\/span> trong chuy\u00ean m\u1ee5c Tin Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/a>Tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft, g\u1ed7 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb thi\u00ean ph\u00fa t\u1eeb c\u00e2y cao su m\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 tr\u1ed3ng cao su ban \u0111\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Tuy nhi\u00ean, sau 130 n\u0103m tr\u1ed3ng cao su, hi\u1ec7n nay ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng kh\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0a ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn c\u00e2y cao su h\u01a1n n\u1eefa. \u0110\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea1nh tranh v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng kh\u00e1c, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m cao su c\u1ea7n t\u1ef1 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u1edf m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 v\u01b0\u1eddn c\u00e2y hay n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u khoa h\u1ecdc ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 \u1edf g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ed9 vi m\u00f4 c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y cao su. C\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u m\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gen c\u00e2y cao su s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh m\u1edbi v\u1ec1 s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00e0 ng\u00e0nh cao su thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean c\u1ea7n xem x\u00e9t.<\/p>\n

Thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y th\u00f4ng qua bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gen<\/strong><\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 sinh h\u1ecdc th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i l\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gen, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c gen ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1ng gen c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y. C\u00e1c gen c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 c\u00e1c gen can thi\u1ec7p v\u00e0o c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh n\u00f4ng h\u1ecdc nh\u01b0 kh\u00e1ng b\u1ec7nh ho\u1eb7c kh\u00e1ng c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng. Trong khi \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng kh\u00e1c nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi lai t\u1ea1o gi\u1ed1ng truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, kh\u00f4ng tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ecfi vi\u1ec7c r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u gen b\u1ecb x\u00e1o tr\u1ed9n trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh lai t\u1ea1o. Do \u0111\u00f3 h\u1ec7 con ch\u00e1u t\u1eeb lai t\u1ea1o h\u1eefu t\u00ednh s\u1ebd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m mong mu\u1ed1n, c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 trong c\u00f9ng l\u00fac th\u1eeba h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh x\u1ea5u ho\u1eb7c m\u1ea5t \u0111i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n

M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gen l\u00e0 c\u1ea5y v\u00e0o c\u00e2y \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng gen c\u00f3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t, \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i cho c\u00e2y c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c m\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb x\u00e1o tr\u1ed9n. Bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gen c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c \u201cc\u1eaft v\u00e0 d\u00e1n\u201d \u1edf m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 gen c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 quan.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu gi\u1eefa gi\u1eefa lai t\u1ea1o gi\u1ed1ng truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gen c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 gen m\u1edbi gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n v\u00e0o c\u00e1c gen t\u1eeb ch\u00ednh c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng ho\u1eb7c t\u1eeb c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng c\u00f3\u00a0 li\u00ean quan g\u1ea7n g\u0169i. V\u1edbi bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gen, th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e1c tr\u1edf ng\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a gi\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua. Do \u0111\u00f3, gen t\u1eeb c\u00e1c vi khu\u1ea9n, c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5y v\u00e0o c\u00e2y th\u00f4ng qua th\u1ee7 thu\u1eadt gen. V\u00ec v\u1eady c\u00e2y bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gen c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 c\u00e2y trao \u0111\u1ed5i gen.<\/p>\n

Ng\u00e0y nay nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec3n khai v\u1ec1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gen cho c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p\u00a0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n gen mong mu\u1ed1n v\u00e0o c\u00e2y th\u00f4ng qua \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh vi khu\u1ea9n trong \u0111\u1ea5t. Trong k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt n\u00e0y, AND \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n gen mong mu\u1ed1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5y v\u00e0o vi khu\u1ea9n , sau \u0111\u00f3 cho ph\u00e9p nhi\u1ec5m v\u00e0o m\u00f4 c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y ch\u1ee7. Bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gen c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y cao su \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng t\u1ea1i Malaysia, An \u0110\u1ed9, Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c.<\/p>\n

Bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gen gi\u00fap c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn n\u00f4ng h\u1ecdc c\u00e2y cao su<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bi\u1ebfn\u00a0 \u0111\u1ed5i gen \u0111\u00e3 cho k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 qua vi\u1ec7c gia t\u0103ng c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh n\u00f4ng h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y cao su. C\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c c\u00e2y trao \u0111\u1ed5i gen kh\u00e1c trong n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft l\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng. Ngo\u00e0i ra c\u00e1c l\u1ee3i \u00edch kh\u00e1c m\u00e0 c\u00e2y cao su \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1eeb bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gen l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 gen t\u1eeb c\u00e2y cao su c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i theo y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a khu v\u1ef1c, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ed3ng \u1edf v\u00f9ng c\u1eadn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi c\u00f3 v\u0129 \u0111\u1ed9 cao h\u01a1n. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e2y cao su th\u00ec m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u00e0 s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. V\u00ec c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m kinh t\u1ebf ch\u00ednh t\u1eeb c\u00e2y cao su l\u00e0 m\u1ee7 v\u00e0 g\u1ed7, m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 gen c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m gia t\u0103ng s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao su v\u00e0 gia t\u0103ng vanh th\u00e2n c\u00e2y.<\/p>\n

Gia t\u0103ng ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng m\u1ee7 cao su<\/strong><\/p>\n

Lai t\u1ea1o truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng cao su Heave \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc quan tr\u1ecdng ti\u1ebfn t\u1edbi c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ee7 cao su v\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u00e1c n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nay trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u lai t\u1ea1o gi\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 thu ho\u1ea1ch m\u1ee7 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0a l\u1ea1i c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn xa h\u01a1n. Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 duy nh\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t m\u1ee7 cao su t\u1eeb c\u00e2y l\u00e0 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ee7 l\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khi c\u1ea1o, m\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0o th\u1eddi gian m\u1ee7 ch\u1ea3y. Tuy nhi\u00ean gia t\u0103ng kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ee7 v\u00e0 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i th\u1eddi gian ch\u1ea3y m\u1ee7 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi\u00ean trong bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gen. V\u00ec c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c k\u00edch th\u00edch s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n

Do \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p g\u1ed1c etylen v\u1ec1 k\u00edch th\u00edch m\u1ee7 ch\u1ea3y c\u00f3 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i\u00a0 l\u00e0 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao su trong m\u1ee7 n\u01b0\u1edbc. B\u00f9 l\u1ea1i, th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y sinh t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p cao su, l\u00e0 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau logic c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u1eed h\u1ecdc c\u1ea7n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ec3 gia t\u0103ng ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e2y cao su. T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 sinh t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p cao su trong c\u00e2y cao su s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi th\u1eddi gian ch\u1ea3y m\u1ee7 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee7 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1edbi h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn sinh t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p l\u00e0 enzym m\u1ee7 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng sinh t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p cao su.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng kh\u00e1c trong bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gen c\u00e2y cao su Heave l\u00e0 elF \u2013 5A, m\u1ed9t protein trong m\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng minh trong ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 k\u00edch th\u00edch sinh t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p cao su. Hi\u1ec7n nay ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111ang ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gen Heave bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c gen c\u1ee7a protein trong m\u1ee7.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 gia t\u0103ng n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t m\u1ee7\u00a0 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ch m\u1ee7 (t\u1ebf\u00a0 b\u00e0o c\u00f3 m\u1ea1ch m\u1ee7) v\u00ec m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ebf\u00a0 b\u00e0o c\u00f3 m\u1ee7 trong v\u1ecf l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t m\u1ee7. Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ban \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh t\u1ebf b\u00e0o m\u1ee7 c\u00f3 nhu c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 axit jasmonic, sinh t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang bao g\u1ed3m enzyme AOS. Gh\u00e9p ph\u00e2n t\u1eed AOS c\u1ee7a Heave \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau cho bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gen c\u00e2y cao su.<\/p>\n

Gia t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng vanh \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea1o s\u1edbm v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p g\u1ed7<\/strong><\/p>\n

Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ea3i c\u1ea7n kho\u1ea3ng t\u1eeb 5 ho\u1eb7c 6 n\u0103m \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e2y cao su tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t v\u00f2ng vanh c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u1eaft\u00a0 \u0111\u1ea7u khai th\u00e1c m\u1ee7. Bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gen \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c can thi\u1ec7p v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng nhanh t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y, do \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xem x\u00e9t vi\u1ec7c m\u1edf mi\u1ec7ng c\u1ea1o khai th\u00e1c s\u1edbm. \u0110\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi\u00ean vi\u1ec7c gia t\u0103ng vanh th\u00e2n c\u00e2y s\u1ebd l\u00e0m t\u0103ng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb g\u1ed7 khi thanh l\u00fd. S\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i \u00edt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn trong \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a ph\u00e2n t\u1eed g\u1ed7 c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u gen h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n gia t\u0103ng vanh c\u00e2y, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng minh kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng g\u1ed7 gia t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao nhi\u00eau trong c\u00e2y tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh. Tuy nhi\u00ean c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c theo \u0111u\u1ed5i v\u00ec t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng cao trong s\u1ee9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 c\u00e2y d\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e1 rung cho th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 gia t\u0103ng r\u00f5 n\u00e9t nh\u1ea5t trong t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n sinh sinh kh\u1ed1i khi chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1edbi gen ga oxidasee. Gen n\u00e0y, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c gen li\u00ean quan kh\u00e1c ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t gibberellin, m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u00e2y, l\u00e0 \u1ee9ng vi\u00ean cho bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gen Heave \u0111\u1ec3 gia t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng vanh.<\/p>\n

T\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng vanh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1eefu hi\u1ec7u v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e2y cao su n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t cao m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 ch\u00fang thi\u1ebfu s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 gi\u1ed1ng RRIM 600, m\u1ed9t gi\u1ed1ng l\u1ed7i th\u1eddi v\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed3ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong nhi\u1ec1u v\u00f9ng cao su, nh\u01b0ng b\u00f9 l\u1ea1i gi\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y c\u00f3 m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 cao c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ch m\u1ee7 trong v\u1ecf v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng s\u1ea3n sinh m\u1ee7 trong ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ea1o b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u00ed d\u1ee5 m\u1ed9t gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 RRIM 600 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd h\u01a1n th\u00f4ng qua bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gen, m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1ea1ch m\u1ee7 cao c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng vanh nhanh \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t gi\u1ed1ng ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u.<\/p>\n

L\u00e0m t\u0103ng s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1ng b\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y cao su<\/strong><\/p>\n

C\u00e2y cao su c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng gen cao v\u1ec1 s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0a chu\u1ed9ng n\u1ebfu m\u1eabn c\u1ea3m v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ho\u1eb7c r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i b\u1ec7nh kh\u00e1c nhau. C\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i gen nh\u1eb1m h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 nhi\u1ec1u t\u00ednh n\u0103ng kh\u00e1ng b\u1ec7nh s\u1ebd l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eb1m gia t\u0103ng s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n

B\u1ec7nh kh\u00f4 m\u1eb7t c\u1ea1o, h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 trong hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng mi\u1ec7ng c\u1ea1o b\u1ecb kh\u00f4, l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n sinh l\u00fd th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5y trong c\u00e1c c\u00e2y cao su khai th\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 cao v\u00e0 khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ea5t k\u00edch th\u00edch. Trong c\u00e1c c\u00e2y kh\u00f4 m\u1ee7, s\u1ef1 ph\u00f3ng th\u00edch qu\u00e1 \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c g\u1ed1c t\u1ef1 do ( super oxide) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m t\u1ed5n h\u1ea1i c\u00e1c m\u00e0ng c\u01a1 quan t\u1ebf b\u00e0o trong m\u1ee7, \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 m\u1ea5t \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh trong m\u1ee7, v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng l\u00e0m ng\u01b0ng d\u00f2ng m\u1ee7. Superoxide dismutase l\u00e0 enzym m\u1ee7 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho gi\u1eef s\u1ef1 to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n c\u1ee7a m\u00e0ng t\u1ebf b\u00e0o b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch qu\u00e9t s\u1ea1ch c\u00e1c g\u1ed1c t\u1ef1 do, s\u1ebd cung \u1ee9ng s\u1ef1 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ch\u1ed1ng t\u1ed5n h\u1ea1i cho m\u00e0ng t\u1ebf b\u00e0o. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u A\u00e1n \u0110\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e3 tri\u1ec3n khai c\u00e2y cao su trao \u0111\u1ed5i gen c\u00f3 ch\u01b0\u00e1 c\u00e1c gen SOD \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5y v\u00e0o v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n gi\u1ed1ng cao su ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ec7nh kh\u00f4 mi\u1ec7ng c\u1ea1o. C\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u h\u00f3a sinh \u0111\u00e3 cho th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c c\u00e2y bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i b\u1eb1ng gen SOD \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 v\u01b0\u1ee3t b\u1eadc c\u1ee7a ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng SOD trong c\u00e1c m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 stress kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i b\u1ec7nh kh\u00e1c tr\u00ean v\u01b0\u1eddn c\u00e2y m\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 tr\u1ed3ng cao su ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t l\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh l\u00e1 Corynespora. T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec5m n\u1ea5m trong b\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ec7nh l\u00e1 nh\u1eb9 nh\u01b0 Odiium hay Colletotrichum ch\u1ec9 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u00e1c l\u00e1 non. Do \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e2y m\u1eabn c\u1ea3m v\u1edbi Odiium v\u00e0 Colletotrichum ch\u1ec9 ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecbu trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ng\u1eafn khi c\u00e2y thay l\u00e1. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, Corynespora t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u1ea3 l\u00e1 non v\u00e0 l\u00e1 tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh. M\u1ecdi c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng ch\u1eefa tr\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t s\u1ebd r\u1ea5t t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n su\u1ed1t trong n\u0103m. Bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gen cao su s\u1ebd x\u1eed l\u00fd v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 nhi\u1ec5m Corynespora \u1edf m\u1ee9c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed qua vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c kh\u00e1ng th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt c\u00f3 x\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ed1ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t s\u1ef1 nhi\u1ec5m do c\u00e1c vi sinh v\u1eadt g\u00e2y ra th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t t\u00e1n c\u00e1c kh\u00e1ng th\u1ec3 trong h\u1ec7 mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. \u0110\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi\u00ean c\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n sinh t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean c\u00e1c kh\u00e1ng th\u1ec3. Trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc t\u1ea1i Malaysia v\u00e0 Ph\u00e1p, c\u00e1c kh\u00e1ng th\u1ec3 nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p nh\u1eb1m trang b\u1ecb cho c\u00e2y cao su bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gen v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 kh\u00e1ng th\u1ec3 th\u00f4ng qua bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gen. M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1c kh\u00e1ng th\u1ec3 t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y trong m\u00f4 l\u00e1, trung h\u00f2a \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a n\u1ea5m, ch\u1ea5t cassiicolin, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n sinh trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nhi\u1ec5m Corynespora.<\/p>\n

B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh vi\u1ec7c gia t\u0103ng s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng, k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gen c\u00f2n h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n cho m\u1ed9t \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o kh\u00e1c. C\u00e1c gen bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c ADN nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u1eadt m\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c protein kh\u00e1c nhau. S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m t\u1ee9c th\u1eddi c\u1ee7a ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng gen l\u00e0 protein m\u00e0 gen m\u00e3 h\u00f3a.<\/p>\n

D\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea9m sinh h\u1ecdc: s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t protein d\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea9m trong m\u1ee7<\/strong><\/p>\n

Do \u0111\u00f3 gen ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t s\u1ef1 t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p protein \u2013 ngay c\u1ea3 lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c l\u1ea1 v\u1edbi c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng nh\u01b0 protein d\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea9m- c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o protein l\u1ea1 n\u00e0y trong t\u1ebf b\u00e0o. N\u1ebfu c\u00e1c ADN n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5y th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng v\u00e0o c\u00e2y cao su, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y s\u1ed1ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c d\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea9m g\u1ed1c protein c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i. C\u00e1c protein l\u1ea1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 protein t\u00e1i t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p\u00a0 v\u00ec ch\u00fang chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 t\u00e1i t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u gen t\u1eeb c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n kh\u00e1c nhau ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng x\u1ea3y ra m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean.<\/p>\n

S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c protein gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb trong c\u00e2y cao su bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gen, c\u00e1c c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 con v\u1eadt trao \u0111\u1ed5i gen kh\u00e1c<\/strong><\/p>\n

Cao su bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gen kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng duy nh\u1ea5t\u00a0 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb protein l\u1ea1 trong m\u00f4 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng kh\u00e1c c\u0169ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1. Tuy nhi\u00ean v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 quan tr\u1ecdng trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t protein d\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea9m trong c\u00e1c c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng trao \u0111\u1ed5i gen l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c thu ho\u1ea1ch protein. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a ph\u1ea3i h\u1ee7y ho\u1ea1i to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u00e2y, v\u00ec protein n\u1eb1m trong h\u1ea1t, l\u00e1, t\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u1eb7c m\u00f4 c\u00e2y. Sau m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n thu ho\u1ea1ch, c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 th\u1eddi gian cho sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng m\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi thu ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ee3t m\u1edbi, ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ed3ng l\u1ea1i ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n. Do \u0111\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c thu h\u1ed3i protein s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n theo t\u1eebng \u0111\u1ee3t thay v\u00ec quy tr\u00ecnh li\u00ean t\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y cao su trao \u0111\u1ed5i gen so v\u1edbi c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng trao \u0111\u1ed5i gen kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ea1o m\u1ee7. C\u1ea1o m\u1ee7 l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p thu ho\u1ea1ch kh\u00f4ng h\u1ee7y di\u1ec7t ch\u1ec9 c\u00e2y cao su m\u1edbi c\u00f3. Do v\u1eady n\u1ebfu protein d\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea9m c\u00f3 trong m\u1ee7, ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thu ho\u1ea1ch li\u00ean t\u1ee5c theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng h\u1ee7y ho\u1ea1i l\u00e0 c\u1ea1o m\u1ee7. V\u1edbi m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c c\u00e2y cao su trao \u0111\u1ed5i gen s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t protein ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u2013anbumin serum ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec3n khai \u1edf Malaysia.<\/p>\n

S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t li\u00ean t\u1ee5c protein l\u1ea1, trong khi duy nh\u1ea5t cho c\u00e2y Hevea trao \u0111\u1ed5i gen, c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong v\u1eadt nu\u00f4i trao \u0111\u1ed5i gen. C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ADN trong s\u00fac v\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh protein l\u1ea1, th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 protein \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb trong s\u1eefa s\u00fac v\u1eadt nh\u01b0 c\u1eebu, d\u00ea v\u00e0 b\u00f2. Tuy nhi\u00ean c\u00e2y cao su c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u1ee3i h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi gia s\u00fac. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft, tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y r\u1ebb h\u01a1n nu\u00f4i gia s\u00fac. M\u1ed9t l\u1ee3i \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a m\u1ee7 cao su so v\u1edbi s\u1eefa s\u00fac v\u1eadt l\u00e0 m\u1ee7 cao su ti\u1ec7t tr\u00f9ng, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 virus v\u00e0 c\u00e1c sinh v\u1eadt truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec5m l\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 g\u00e2y ngu\u1ed3n b\u1ec7nh AIDS, vi\u00eam gan, prion g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh b\u00f2 \u0111i\u00ean. Ngo\u00e0i ra khai th\u00e1c cao su bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gen kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y n\u00ean c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 quy t\u1eafc sinh h\u1ecdc g\u00e2y tranh c\u00e3i v\u1ec1 quy\u1ec1n khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u00fac v\u1eadt trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n

Ngo\u00e0i c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 tr\u00ean, l\u1ee3i \u00edch ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y cao su trao \u0111\u1ed5i gen v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi v\u1eadt nu\u00f4i trao \u0111\u1ed5i gen l\u00e0 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng t\u0103ng quy m\u00f4. S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t denovo s\u00fac v\u1eadt trao \u0111\u1ed5i gen th\u00ec \u0111\u1eaft ti\u1ec1n trong khi gh\u00e9p s\u00fac v\u1eadt c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. Do \u0111\u00f3 gia t\u0103ng qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 s\u00fac v\u1eadt trao \u0111\u1ed5i gen kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00e1c nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi c\u00e2y cao su nh\u00e2n gi\u1ed1ng b\u1eb1ng gh\u00e9p ch\u1ed3i. B\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u1ed1ng n\u00e0o c\u00f3 gen t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00e2n l\u00ean t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t c\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tuy\u1ec3n ch\u1ecdn. Hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb gen l\u1ea1 trong c\u00e2y trao \u0111\u1ed5i gen gh\u00e9p ch\u1ed3i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u trong 4 th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 v\u00f4 t\u00ednh, ch\u1ee9ng minh r\u1eb1ng hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb protein l\u1ea1 trong m\u1ee7 c\u00e2y m\u1eb9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n sinh l\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady trong c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng v\u00f4 t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n

Nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y d\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea9m s\u1ed1ng: vi sinh v\u1eadt so v\u1edbi c\u00e2y cao su<\/strong><\/p>\n

Trong khi vi\u1ec7c tri\u1ec3n khai th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt trao \u0111\u1ed5i gen \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t d\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea9m protein t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1edbi, th\u00ec vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c sinh v\u1eadt trao \u0111\u1ed5i gen trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t d\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea9m th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng m\u1edbi. Nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi trong toa \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c hooc mon, ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0m \u0111\u00f4ng m\u00e1u, c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ee7ng ng\u1eeba \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e0o ch\u1ebf qua s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng\u00a0 c\u1ea5y vi sinh v\u1eadt trao \u0111\u1ed5i gen (th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 vi khu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 men) trong c\u00e1c th\u00f9ng g\u00e2y men c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng sinh h\u1ecdc. C\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y c\u00f3 quan h\u1ec7 t\u1ed1t v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n

Trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t protein d\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea9m, l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a cao su trao \u0111\u1ed5i gen so v\u1edbi th\u00f9ng g\u00e2y men n\u1eb1m trong ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m chi ph\u00ed ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng. C\u00e2y cao su trao \u0111\u1ed5i gen t\u1ef1 duy tr\u00ec s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng. Kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y g\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 v\u1eefa, c\u00e2y cao su kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e2y cao su trao \u0111\u1ed5i gen nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y s\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 khi so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng sinh h\u1ecdc truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, n\u00f3 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean n\u00ean b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf kh\u00e1c so v\u1edbi vi sinh v\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nu\u00f4i tr\u1ed3ng trong l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng sinh h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 vi khu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 men kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m protein c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ch\u00fang. S\u1ef1 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i protein- \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra trong c\u00e2y cao su trao \u0111\u1ed5i gen, do \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p chu\u1ed7i r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n c\u00e1c d\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea9m protein.<\/p>\n

Theo caosuvietnam.net<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

T\u1eeb khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o tr\u1ed3ng t\u1eeb cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 19, c\u00e2y cao su Heave \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 trong khai th\u00e1c s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng so v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng kh\u00e1c. N\u0103ng su\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nay c\u1ee7a cao su \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00e2n l\u00ean g\u1ea5p 4 l\u1ea7n so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e2y c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n […]\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":5933,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[86],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/833"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=833"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/833\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5933"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=833"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=833"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=833"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}