{"id":8981,"date":"2024-05-27T09:07:11","date_gmt":"2024-05-27T02:07:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/?p=8981"},"modified":"2025-03-26T09:08:44","modified_gmt":"2025-03-26T02:08:44","slug":"bien-doi-khi-hau-thach-thuc-lon-nhat-cho-phat-trien-ben-vung","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/bien-doi-khi-hau-thach-thuc-lon-nhat-cho-phat-trien-ben-vung\/","title":{"rendered":"Bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu – Th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t cho ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng"},"content":{"rendered":"

Trong th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 21, th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111ang ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng l\u1edbn, trong \u0111\u00f3 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu (B\u0110KH). \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u1ee7a kh\u00ed h\u1eadu so v\u1edbi trung b\u00ecnh theo m\u1ed9t xu h\u01b0\u1edbng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0\/ho\u1eb7c dao \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a kh\u00ed h\u1eadu duy tr\u00ec trong m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i, th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 v\u00e0i th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 ho\u1eb7c d\u00e0i h\u01a1n. <\/strong><\/p>\n

B\u0110KH c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n\/d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u ch\u00ednh nh\u01b0: Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 trung b\u00ecnh, t\u00ednh bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft v\u00e0 kh\u00ed h\u1eadu t\u0103ng l\u00ean; L\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u01b0a thay \u0111\u1ed5i; M\u1ef1c n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n d\u00e2ng l\u00ean do tan b\u0103ng \u1edf c\u00e1c C\u1ef1c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec9nh n\u00fai cao, v\u00e0 do n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n d\u00e3n n\u1edf khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng; C\u00e1c thi\u00ean tai v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft, kh\u00ed h\u1eadu c\u1ef1c \u0111oan (n\u1eafng n\u00f3ng, gi\u00e1 r\u00e9t, b\u00e3o, l\u0169 l\u1ee5t, h\u1ea1n h\u00e1n,…) x\u1ea3y ra v\u1edbi t\u1ea7n su\u1ea5t, c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 gia t\u0103ng. B\u0110KH c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 do hai nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y ra: nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n do con ng\u01b0\u1eddi (nh\u00e2n t\u00e1c). B\u0110KH x\u1ea3y ra trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 l\u00e0 do c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean nh\u01b0ng B\u0110KH hi\u1ec7n nay ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 do con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a B\u0110KH hi\u1ec7n nay l\u00e0 do c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, l\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p, giao th\u00f4ng v\u00e0 sinh ho\u1ea1t,\u2026(ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu do s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch trong ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf – x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 do n\u1ea1n ph\u00e1 r\u1eebng). T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i kh\u00ed g\u00e2y hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh (CO2, NOx, CH4, H2S,…) v\u00e0 b\u1ee5i trong kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n

V\u1edbi nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n n\u00eau tr\u00ean, B\u0110KH t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00ean t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe con ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ean ph\u1ea1m vi to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. Tuy nhi\u00ean, m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a B\u0110KH c\u00f3 kh\u00e1c nhau: nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng \u1edf c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng c\u00f3 v\u0129 \u0111\u1ed9 cao v\u00e0 \u00edt h\u01a1n t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng kh\u00e1c, s\u1ebd l\u1edbn h\u01a1n \u1edf c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p nhanh \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c1. Trong \u0111\u00f3, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u00e8o, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u00edt g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n g\u00e2y ra B\u0110KH nh\u1ea5t th\u00ec l\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu nh\u1eefng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i s\u1edbm nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n con ng\u01b0\u1eddi do B\u0110KH g\u00e2y ra.<\/p>\n

\u1ee8ng ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi B\u0110KH l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eb1m th\u00edch \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi B\u0110KH v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i kh\u00ed nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh (KNK) \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m nh\u1eb9 B\u0110KH. <\/strong><\/p>\n

Th\u00edch \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi B\u0110KH l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean ho\u1eb7c kinh t\u1ebf – x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh ho\u1eb7c m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng thay \u0111\u1ed5i, nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch gi\u1ea3m kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng do dao \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 B\u0110KH hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu ho\u1eb7c ti\u1ec1m t\u00e0ng v\u00e0 t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i do n\u00f3 mang l\u1ea1i. D\u1ef1a tr\u00ean t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a B\u0110KH, t\u00ednh d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng do B\u0110KH, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u00edch \u1ee9ng v\u00e0 r\u1ee7i ro c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i m\u00e0 t\u1eebng b\u1ed9, ng\u00e0nh, \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p th\u00edch \u1ee9ng cho ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p,\u2026<\/p>\n

Gi\u1ea3m nh\u1eb9 B\u0110KH l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u1eb1m gi\u1ea3m m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ho\u1eb7c c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i kh\u00ed nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh (KNK). C\u00e1c nh\u00f3m gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p gi\u1ea3m nh\u1eb9 bao g\u1ed3m: (i) N\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng (nh\u1eb1m ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng); (ii) T\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1edbi v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o; (iii) B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 v\u00e0 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e1c b\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9a v\u00e0 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 KNK\/cacbon: tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 r\u1eebng; (iv) Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p theo c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c canh t\u00e1c b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng; (v) T\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng thu h\u1ed3i KNK,\u2026<\/p>\n

M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng B\u0110KH \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec5n ra h\u01a1n 20 n\u0103m, nh\u01b0ng n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 KNK trong kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n, nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y ra B\u0110KH, v\u1eabn li\u00ean t\u1ee5c gia t\u0103ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t m\u1ee9c 400 ppm v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2015, v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n an to\u00e0n c\u1ee7a ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 350 ppm. Theo \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a B\u0110KH (nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 trung b\u00ecnh, \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft, kh\u00ed h\u1eadu, m\u1ef1c n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n d\u00e2ng, thi\u00ean tai,\u2026) ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng gia t\u0103ng v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd t\u1edbi t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf – x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, g\u00e2y ra nh\u1eefng t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn tr\u00ean ph\u1ea1m vi to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n

Sau 20 cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c B\u00ean n\u01b0\u1edbc tham gia C\u00f4ng \u01b0\u1edbc khung c\u1ee7a Li\u00ean h\u1ee3p qu\u1ed1c v\u1ec1 B\u0110KH (COP), m\u00e3i t\u1edbi cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 21 (COP 21) (12-2015) t\u1ea1i Pa-ri (Ph\u00e1p), c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf m\u1edbi \u0111i t\u1edbi th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng qua \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u201cTh\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 kh\u00ed h\u1eadu\u201d v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ea7y tham v\u1ecdng: Gi\u1eef cho nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 Tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng t\u0103ng qu\u00e1 20C v\u00e0 n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n m\u1ee9c t\u0103ng \u1edf m\u1ee9c 1,5 \u0111\u1ed9 C; \u0110\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n sau m\u1ed7i 5 n\u0103m (d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn t\u1eeb 2023); \u0110\u00f3ng g\u00f3p cho qu\u1ef9 \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi B\u0110KH \u00edt nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 100 t\u1ef7\/n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc n\u0103m 2025.<\/p>\n

Ng\u00e0y 4\/11\/2016, Tho\u1ea3 thu\u1eadn Paris ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra xung l\u1ef1c m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd, th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n cam k\u1ebft c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00eau ra trong n\u0103m 2015. Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u1edbi n\u00e0y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 c\u00e1c t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p, nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 cho th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1edbi, \u00edt cacbon t\u1eeb nay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn.<\/p>\n

\u1ede Vi\u1ec7t Nam, K\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n Th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn Paris v\u1ec1 B\u0110KH \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t (ng\u00e0y 28 th\u00e1ng 10 n\u0103m 2016), g\u1ed3m 5 nh\u00f3m nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5: (i) Nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 gi\u1ea3m nh\u1eb9 ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i KNK; (ii) Nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 th\u00edch \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi B\u0110KH; (iii) Nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c; (iv) Nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00f4ng khai, minh b\u1ea1ch; (v) Nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch, th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf. Hi\u1ec7n nay, th\u00edch \u1ee9ng l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ee9ng v\u1ec1 l\u00e2u d\u00e0i ph\u1ea3i t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o gi\u1ea3m nh\u1eb9 B\u0110KH\/gi\u1ea3m ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i KNK theo chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n

Bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu – Th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t cho ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng <\/strong><\/p>\n

Trong th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 21, th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111ang ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng l\u1edbn, trong \u0111\u00f3 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 B\u0110KH. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u1ee7a kh\u00ed h\u1eadu so v\u1edbi trung b\u00ecnh theo m\u1ed9t xu h\u01b0\u1edbng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0\/ho\u1eb7c dao \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a kh\u00ed h\u1eadu duy tr\u00ec trong m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i, th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 v\u00e0i th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 ho\u1eb7c d\u00e0i h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

B\u0110KH v\u1edbi c\u00e1c bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 trung b\u00ecnh t\u0103ng, b\u0103ng tan, n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n d\u00e2ng v\u00e0 gia t\u0103ng thi\u00ean tai c\u1ef1c \u0111oan \u0111ang l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 s\u00e2u s\u1eafc qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 an ninh to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c HST, \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. C\u00e1c b\u00e1o c\u00e1o c\u1ee7a \u1ee6y ban Li\u00ean ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 v\u1ec1 B\u0110KH (IPCC) cho bi\u1ebft, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 trung b\u00ecnh to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng kho\u1ea3ng 0,74oC trong 100 n\u0103m qua (1906 – 2005) v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y li\u00ean t\u1ee5c c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ee3t n\u00f3ng c\u1ef1c \u0111i\u1ec3m. \u0110\u1ed9 axit c\u1ee7a b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng 26% k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p (1750) v\u00e0 trong ba th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, c\u1ee9 sau m\u1ed7i th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t Tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c n\u00f3ng l\u00ean h\u01a1n b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 n\u00e0o tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1850. Tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t li\u1ec1n, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n tr\u00ean bi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 90 l\u00e0 th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 n\u00f3ng nh\u1ea5t trong thi\u00ean ni\u00ean k\u1ef7 v\u1eeba qua. \u1ede B\u1eafc b\u00e1n c\u1ea7u, giai \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u1eeb 1983 \u0111\u1ebfn 2012 l\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian 30 n\u0103m \u1ea5m nh\u1ea5t trong 1.400 n\u0103m qua.<\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ef1 t\u00ednh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong s\u1ed1 r\u1ea5t \u00edt qu\u1ed1c gia ch\u1ecbu t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1 nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a B\u0110KH (B\u1ed9 TN&MT, 2010b). \u1ede Vi\u1ec7t Nam, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 trung b\u00ecnh n\u0103m trong 50 n\u0103m qua \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng kho\u1ea3ng 0,5oC, m\u1ef1c n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n \u0111\u00e3 d\u00e2ng kho\u1ea3ng 20 cm v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng El-Nino, La-Nina t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd, thi\u00ean tai c\u1ef1c \u0111oan gia t\u0103ng. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1n h\u00e1n x\u1ea3y ra ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng kh\u1ed1c li\u1ec7t h\u01a1n, \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee3t h\u1ea1n h\u00e1n, thi\u1ebfu n\u01b0\u1edbc nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng \u1edf c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh Nam Trung b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 h\u1ea1n m\u1eb7n m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng \u1edf khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng s\u00f4ng C\u1eedu Long h\u1ed3i th\u00e1ng 3, 4 n\u0103m 2016, g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i kho\u1ea3ng 5.572 t\u1ef7 \u0111\u1ed3ng.<\/p>\n

Trong h\u01a1n 30 n\u0103m qua, t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam, b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n m\u1ed7i n\u0103m, thi\u00ean tai \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m ch\u1ebft v\u00e0 m\u1ea5t t\u00edch kho\u1ea3ng 500 ng\u01b0\u1eddi, b\u1ecb th\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn ng\u01b0\u1eddi, thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng 1,5% GDP, cao h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi khoa\u0309ng 1% GDP \u0111\u00f4\u0301i v\u01a1\u0301i c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u01a1\u0301c c\u00f3 thu nh\u1eadp trung b\u00ecnh, v\u00e0 khoa\u0309ng 0,3% GDP \u0111\u00f4\u0301i v\u01a1\u0301i c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u01a1\u0301c c\u00f3 thu nh\u1eadp th\u00e2\u0301p.<\/p>\n

NBCA<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Trong th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 21, th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111ang ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng l\u1edbn, trong \u0111\u00f3 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu (B\u0110KH). \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u1ee7a kh\u00ed h\u1eadu so v\u1edbi trung b\u00ecnh theo m\u1ed9t xu h\u01b0\u1edbng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0\/ho\u1eb7c dao \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a kh\u00ed h\u1eadu duy tr\u00ec trong m\u1ed9t […]\n","protected":false},"author":10,"featured_media":6894,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8981"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/10"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8981"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8981\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8982,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8981\/revisions\/8982"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6894"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8981"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8981"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8981"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}