{"id":9007,"date":"2024-06-13T09:46:51","date_gmt":"2024-06-13T02:46:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/?p=9007"},"modified":"2025-03-26T09:47:25","modified_gmt":"2025-03-26T02:47:25","slug":"bao-ve-nguon-gen-tai-viet-nam-thach-thuc-va-giai-phap","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/bao-ve-nguon-gen-tai-viet-nam-thach-thuc-va-giai-phap\/","title":{"rendered":"B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ngu\u1ed3n gen t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam &#8211; Th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Ngu\u1ed3n gen l\u00e0 t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean qu\u00fd gi\u00e1, \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, y h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 sinh h\u1ecdc. Vi\u1ec7t Nam, v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i phong ph\u00fa v\u00e0 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng, s\u1edf h\u1eefu m\u1ed9t kho t\u00e0ng ngu\u1ed3n gen phong ph\u00fa, t\u1eeb c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt qu\u00fd hi\u1ebfm \u0111\u1ebfn vi sinh v\u1eadt h\u1eefu \u00edch. Tuy nhi\u00ean, s\u1ef1 suy gi\u1ea3m ngu\u1ed3n gen do bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu, khai th\u00e1c qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 x\u00e2m l\u1ea5n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i ngo\u1ea1i lai \u0111ang \u0111\u1eb7t ra nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng qu\u1ed1c gia c\u00f3 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc cao, v\u1edbi h\u01a1n 10.000 lo\u00e0i th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt, 2.000 lo\u00e0i c\u00e1 v\u00e0 h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt kh\u00e1c. Tuy nhi\u00ean, nhi\u1ec1u lo\u00e0i \u0111ang \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc nguy c\u01a1 tuy\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7ng do m\u1ea5t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng, khai th\u00e1c tr\u00e1i ph\u00e9p v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Theo th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 T\u00e0i nguy\u00ean v\u00e0 M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, hi\u1ec7n nay c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng 1.211 lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111ang b\u1ecb \u0111e d\u1ecda, trong \u0111\u00f3 600 lo\u00e0i th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt v\u00e0 h\u01a1n 600 lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt n\u1eb1m trong S\u00e1ch \u0110\u1ecf Vi\u1ec7t Nam. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, nhi\u1ec1u lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7c h\u1eefu nh\u01b0 Vo\u1ecdc C\u00e1t B\u00e0, H\u1ed5 \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng, v\u00e0 Sao La \u0111ang tr\u00ean b\u1edd v\u1ef1c tuy\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7ng.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 ban h\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch nh\u1eb1m b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ngu\u1ed3n gen, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 Lu\u1eadt \u0110a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc (2008), Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh Qu\u1ed1c gia v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n ngu\u1ed3n gen, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 tham gia v\u00e0o c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng \u01b0\u1edbc qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf nh\u01b0 C\u00f4ng \u01b0\u1edbc \u0110a d\u1ea1ng Sinh h\u1ecdc (CBD). Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp h\u01a1n 30 khu b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean, 8 khu d\u1ef1 tr\u1eef sinh quy\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c UNESCO c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c th\u1ef1c thi v\u1eabn g\u1eb7p nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n do thi\u1ebfu ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c, s\u1ef1 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan c\u00f2n h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ch\u01b0a cao.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c trong c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n ngu\u1ed3n gen<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">S\u1ef1 suy tho\u00e1i m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng: N\u1ea1n ph\u00e1 r\u1eebng, \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i. Theo b\u00e1o c\u00e1o c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5ng c\u1ee5c L\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p, t\u1eeb n\u0103m 2010 \u0111\u1ebfn nay, Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ea5t h\u01a1n 1,2 tri\u1ec7u ha r\u1eebng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, l\u00e0m thu h\u1eb9p m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u lo\u00e0i qu\u00fd hi\u1ebfm.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Khai th\u00e1c qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c: Vi\u1ec7c s\u0103n b\u1eaft, bu\u00f4n b\u00e1n \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt qu\u00fd hi\u1ebfm \u0111ang di\u1ec5n ra ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn, l\u00e0m suy gi\u1ea3m nhanh ch\u00f3ng ngu\u1ed3n gen t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean. Theo Qu\u1ef9 Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 Thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean (WWF), h\u00e0ng n\u0103m c\u00f3 h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m v\u1ee5 bu\u00f4n b\u00e1n \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt hoang d\u00e3 tr\u00e1i ph\u00e9p b\u1ecb ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i nh\u01b0 t\u00ea t\u00ea, r\u00f9a v\u00e0 h\u1ed5.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Thi\u1ebfu c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n: C\u00f4ng t\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef ngu\u1ed3n gen ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 \u0111\u00fang m\u1ee9c, nhi\u1ec1u ngu\u1ed3n gen qu\u00fd ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u1eadn ho\u1eb7c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. Hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, Vi\u1ec7t Nam m\u1edbi ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng gen t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c vi\u1ec7n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, nh\u01b0ng quy m\u00f4 v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef c\u00f2n h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Tri\u1ec3n khai c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf: D\u00f9 \u0111\u00e3 tham gia nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng \u01b0\u1edbc qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, nh\u01b0ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u1eabn c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, trao \u0111\u1ed5i ngu\u1ed3n gen v\u00e0 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn v\u00e0o b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n. C\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n nay c\u00f2n r\u1eddi r\u1ea1c v\u00e0 ch\u01b0a t\u1ea1o ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Nh\u1eb1m b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 kho t\u00e0ng ngu\u1ed3n gen phong ph\u00fa, t\u1eeb c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt qu\u00fd hi\u1ebfm \u0111\u1ebfn vi sinh v\u1eadt h\u1eefu \u00edch, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, y h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 sinh h\u1ecdc trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu, khai th\u00e1c qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 x\u00e2m l\u1ea5n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i ngo\u1ea1i lai, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb v\u1ec1 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>T\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng:<\/em> H\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf khai th\u00e1c r\u1eebng, m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng c\u00e1c khu b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n h\u00e0nh lang sinh h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n s\u1ed1ng cho c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng gen:<\/em> \u0110\u1ea7u t\u01b0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng gen hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u1eb1m l\u01b0u tr\u1eef v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n ngu\u1ed3n gen \u0111\u1ed9ng, th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt v\u00e0 vi sinh v\u1eadt.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>N\u00e2ng cao nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng:<\/em> T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc, khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng tham gia v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ngu\u1ed3n gen.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>Th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u khoa h\u1ecdc:<\/em> H\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n gen, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 sinh h\u1ecdc v\u00e0o b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ngu\u1ed3n gen qu\u00fd hi\u1ebfm.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>T\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf:<\/em> H\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi kinh nghi\u1ec7m t\u1eeb c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, tham gia c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ngu\u1ed3n gen l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u1ea5p thi\u1ebft, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc m\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc. \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau n\u00e0y, Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p quy\u1ebft li\u1ec7t h\u01a1n trong qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd, b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n v\u00e0 khai th\u00e1c b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng ngu\u1ed3n gen, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c gi\u1eefa ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7, doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng.\/.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><strong>NBCA<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ngu\u1ed3n gen l\u00e0 t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean qu\u00fd gi\u00e1, \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, y h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 sinh h\u1ecdc. Vi\u1ec7t Nam, v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i phong ph\u00fa v\u00e0 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng, s\u1edf h\u1eefu m\u1ed9t kho t\u00e0ng ngu\u1ed3n gen phong ph\u00fa, t\u1eeb c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ef1c [&#8230;]\n","protected":false},"author":10,"featured_media":6894,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9007"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/10"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9007"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9007\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9008,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9007\/revisions\/9008"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6894"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9007"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9007"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9007"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}