{"id":9031,"date":"2024-06-27T10:03:14","date_gmt":"2024-06-27T03:03:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/?p=9031"},"modified":"2025-03-26T10:04:48","modified_gmt":"2025-03-26T03:04:48","slug":"xay-dung-co-so-du-lieu-quoc-gia-ve-nguon-gen-kiem-soat-va-bao-ve-tai-nguyen-sinh-hoc","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/xay-dung-co-so-du-lieu-quoc-gia-ve-nguon-gen-kiem-soat-va-bao-ve-tai-nguyen-sinh-hoc\/","title":{"rendered":"X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u qu\u1ed1c gia v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n gen- Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean sinh h\u1ecdc"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Ngu\u1ed3n gen l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i qu\u1ed1c gia, \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i trong b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, y d\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00e1c. Tuy nhi\u00ean, tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng suy gi\u1ea3m \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc, bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu v\u00e0 nguy c\u01a1 th\u1ea5t tho\u00e1t t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean gen, vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u (CSDL) qu\u1ed1c gia v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n gen l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu gi\u00fap ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean sinh h\u1ecdc<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng CSDL qu\u1ed1c gia v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n gen mang l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch quan tr\u1ecdng, bao g\u1ed3m: (i) B\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean sinh h\u1ecdc: Gi\u00fap l\u01b0u tr\u1eef th\u00f4ng tin chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n gen qu\u00fd hi\u1ebfm, tr\u00e1nh nguy c\u01a1 tuy\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u1ee3p l\u00fd; (ii) H\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u khoa h\u1ecdc: Cung c\u1ea5p d\u1eef li\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khai th\u00e1c v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng, v\u1eadt nu\u00f4i v\u00e0 vi sinh v\u1eadt c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb; (iii) Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ngu\u1ed3n gen: Ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng th\u1ea5t tho\u00e1t ngu\u1ed3n gen ra n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i ho\u1eb7c b\u1ecb x\u00e2m h\u1ea1i b\u1edfi c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng khai th\u00e1c tr\u00e1i ph\u00e9p; (iv) \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng trong ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf: \u0110\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ngu\u1ed3n gen v\u00e0o n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, y h\u1ecdc, c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p sinh h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb cao; (v) H\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 th\u1ef1c thi ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch v\u00e0 lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p: Gi\u00fap ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean sinh h\u1ecdc hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf nh\u01b0 C\u00f4ng \u01b0\u1edbc v\u1ec1 \u0110a d\u1ea1ng Sinh h\u1ecdc (CBD) v\u00e0 Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u01b0 Nagoya v\u1ec1 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn v\u00e0 chia s\u1ebb l\u1ee3i \u00edch t\u1eeb ngu\u1ed3n gen (ABS).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Theo \u0111\u00f3, CSDL qu\u1ed1c gia v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n gen th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n theo c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf chia s\u1ebb d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt th\u00f4ng tin quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 quy\u1ec1n truy c\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng; v\u00e0 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt d\u1eef li\u1ec7u nh\u1eb1m ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng khai th\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n gen b\u1ea5t h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Hi\u1ec7n nay, Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng qu\u1ed1c gia c\u00f3 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc phong ph\u00fa, v\u1edbi kho\u1ea3ng 20.000 lo\u00e0i th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt, h\u01a1n 11.000 lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt v\u00e0 h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn lo\u00e0i vi sinh v\u1eadt. Nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a ngu\u1ed3n gen, Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 tri\u1ec3n khai nhi\u1ec1u ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng CSDL ngu\u1ed3n gen nh\u01b0: D\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0110i\u1ec1u tra, b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ngu\u1ed3n gen Vi\u1ec7t Nam do Vi\u1ec7n Khoa h\u1ecdc N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t Nam th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n; Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng Gen Qu\u1ed1c gia do Vi\u1ec7n C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Sinh h\u1ecdc (Vi\u1ec7n H\u00e0n l\u00e2m Khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Vi\u1ec7t Nam) qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd; H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng CSDL v\u1ec1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc thu\u1ed9c B\u1ed9 T\u00e0i nguy\u00ean v\u00e0 M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c CSDL n\u00eau tr\u00ean hi\u1ec7n nay v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n trong qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 khai th\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u: Hi\u1ec7n nay, d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n gen \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u c\u01a1 quan kh\u00e1c nhau, thi\u1ebfu t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Thi\u1ebfu ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7: Vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec CSDL ngu\u1ed3n gen \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn, nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n cao v\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh l\u1edbn.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Nguy c\u01a1 m\u1ea5t m\u00e1t ngu\u1ed3n gen: Nhi\u1ec1u lo\u00e0i sinh v\u1eadt \u0111ang b\u1ecb \u0111e d\u1ecda tuy\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7ng do khai th\u00e1c qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c, m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng suy tho\u00e1i v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">B\u1ea3o m\u1eadt v\u00e0 s\u1edf h\u1eefu tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7: C\u1ea7n c\u00f3 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu ngu\u1ed3n gen v\u00e0 tr\u00e1nh th\u1ea5t tho\u00e1t d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ra n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Nh\u1eb1m x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n CSDL qu\u1ed1c gia v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n gen, c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n khung ph\u00e1p l\u00fd, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ph\u00e1p l\u00fd ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd v\u1ec1 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 v\u00e0 chia s\u1ebb ngu\u1ed3n gen theo c\u00e1c cam k\u1ebft qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf v\u00e0 ban h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ngu\u1ed3n gen v\u00e0o s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t kinh t\u1ebf. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1eadp trung, \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9. Theo \u0111\u00f3, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng CSDL t\u1eadp trung do m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 quan nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ee7 tr\u00ec, li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi c\u00e1c CSDL c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c vi\u1ec7n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p; Chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u theo c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng chia s\u1ebb v\u00e0 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p. Vi\u1ec7c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i th\u00f4ng qua s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 blockchain \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt v\u00e0 truy xu\u1ea5t ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c ngu\u1ed3n gen; \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o (AI) v\u00e0 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u1edbn (Big Data) \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch, d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ngu\u1ed3n gen c\u0169ng l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p thi\u1ebft th\u1ef1c c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, c\u1ea7n xem x\u00e9t t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng cao n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch tham gia c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng ngu\u1ed3n gen; \u0110\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ngu\u1ed3n nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 sinh h\u1ecdc, tin h\u1ecdc sinh h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean sinh h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng CSDL qu\u1ed1c gia v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n gen l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean sinh h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 h\u00f3a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n khung ph\u00e1p l\u00fd, Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t v\u00e0 khai th\u00e1c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 ngu\u1ed3n gen, \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf &#8211; x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc trong d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n.\/.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><strong>NBCA<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ngu\u1ed3n gen l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i qu\u1ed1c gia, \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i trong b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, y d\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00e1c. Tuy nhi\u00ean, tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng suy gi\u1ea3m \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc, bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu v\u00e0 [&#8230;]\n","protected":false},"author":10,"featured_media":6894,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9031"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/10"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9031"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9031\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9034,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9031\/revisions\/9034"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6894"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9031"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9031"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9031"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}