{"id":9033,"date":"2024-06-27T10:04:22","date_gmt":"2024-06-27T03:04:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/?p=9033"},"modified":"2025-03-26T10:07:05","modified_gmt":"2025-03-26T03:07:05","slug":"viet-nam-duoc-ghi-nhan-la-mot-trong-nhung-nuoc-co-da-dang-sinh-hoc-cao-cua-the-gioi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/viet-nam-duoc-ghi-nhan-la-mot-trong-nhung-nuoc-co-da-dang-sinh-hoc-cao-cua-the-gioi\/","title":{"rendered":"Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc cao c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc (\u0110DSH) cao c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi; l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong 10 trung t\u00e2m \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc phong ph\u00fa nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. \u0110DSH \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam mang l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i \u00edch tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp cho con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p to l\u1edbn cho n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng, l\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n; l\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an ninh l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c qu\u1ed1c gia; duy tr\u00ec ngu\u1ed3n gen t\u1ea1o gi\u1ed1ng v\u1eadt nu\u00f4i, c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng; cung c\u1ea5p v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u cho x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n d\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7u, th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m;s \u0111i\u1ec1u ti\u1ebft kh\u00ed h\u1eadu v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0110a d\u1ea1ng lo\u00e0i<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e0 n\u01a1i s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a g\u1ea7n 16.500 lo\u00e0i th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt b\u1eadc cao, n\u1ea5m l\u1edbn v\u00e0 r\u00eau \u1edf tr\u00ean c\u1ea1n, trong \u0111\u00f3, s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt \u0111\u1eb7c h\u1eefu chi\u1ebfm m\u1ed9t t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 l\u1edbn (kho\u1ea3ng 30%). \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 cho th\u1ea5y t\u00ednh \u0111a d\u1ea1ng cao c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Tr\u00ean c\u1ea1n c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng 10.500 lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt, g\u1ed3m x\u1ea5p x\u1ec9 8.000 lo\u00e0i c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng x\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ed1ng \u1edf \u0111\u1ea5t, g\u1ea7n 500 lo\u00e0i b\u00f2 s\u00e1t &#8211; \u1ebfch nh\u00e1i, 850 lo\u00e0i chim v\u00e0 312 lo\u00e0i th\u00fa; \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng 1.500 lo\u00e0i vi t\u1ea3o v\u00e0 rong, tr\u00ean 1.000 lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng x\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng 600 lo\u00e0i c\u00e1; d\u01b0\u1edbi bi\u1ec3n c\u00f3 tr\u00ean 1.200 lo\u00e0i rong, c\u1ecf v\u00e0 vi t\u1ea3o, tr\u00ean 7.000 lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng x\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ed1ng, kho\u1ea3ng 2.500 lo\u00e0i c\u00e1 v\u00e0 x\u1ea5p x\u1ec9 50 lo\u00e0i r\u1eafn bi\u1ec3n, r\u00f9a bi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 th\u00fa bi\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh h\u1ec7 sinh v\u1eadt t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean \u0111a d\u1ea1ng, Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u0169ng s\u1edf h\u1eefu m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 \u0110DSH n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p phong ph\u00fa, cho \u0111\u1ebfn nay c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean di truy\u1ec1n c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng trong m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u00e3 thu th\u1eadp v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n t\u1ea1i Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng gen (NHG) c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng qu\u1ed1c gia 12.300 m\u1eabu gi\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a 115 lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e2y l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c, c\u00e2y th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m, c\u00e2y \u0103n qu\u1ea3, c\u00e2y c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, c\u00e2y th\u1ee9c \u0103n gia s\u00fac v\u00e0 c\u00e2y c\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ea5t. \u0110\u00e3 c\u00f3 h\u01a1n 40 gi\u1ed1ng l\u00faa trong n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00f3 t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p ngu\u1ed3n gen c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng l\u00faa \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng .<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0110a d\u1ea1ng c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">H\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t ng\u1eadp n\u01b0\u1edbc: r\u1ea5t \u0111a d\u1ea1ng, theo \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7n \u0110i\u1ec1u tra quy ho\u1ea1ch r\u1eebng (1999) c\u00f3 39 ki\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ea5t ng\u1eadp n\u01b0\u1edbc, bao g\u1ed3m: \u0111\u1ea5t ng\u1eadp n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean 30 ki\u1ec3u (\u0111\u1ea5t ng\u1eadp n\u01b0\u1edbc ven bi\u1ec3n 11 ki\u1ec3u, \u0111\u1ea5t ng\u1eadp n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba 19 ki\u1ec3u) v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t ng\u1eadp n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o 9 ki\u1ec3u. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ki\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ea5t ng\u1eadp n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc phong ph\u00fa nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea7m l\u1ea7y than b\u00f9n, r\u1eebng ng\u1eadp m\u1eb7n, r\u1ea1n san h\u00f4, \u0111\u1ea7m ph\u00e1, v\u1ee5ng bi\u1ec3n, v\u0169ng bi\u1ec3n, c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t ng\u1eadp n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1eeda s\u00f4ng H\u1ed3ng, \u0111\u1ea5t ng\u1eadp n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng s\u00f4ng C\u1eedu Long v.v. T\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam, T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c B\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n chim qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf (Birdlife International) \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f3 63 v\u00f9ng chim quan tr\u1ecdng, chi\u1ebfm kho\u1ea3ng 5% t\u1ed5ng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch \u0111\u1ea5t li\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc, trong \u0111\u00f3 4 t\u1ec9nh c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u (19 v\u00f9ng) v\u00f9ng chim quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0: \u0110\u1eafk L\u0103k, L\u00e2m \u0110\u1ed3ng, Gia Lai v\u00e0 Qu\u1ea3ng B\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">H\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i bi\u1ec3n: Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f3 v\u00f9ng l\u00e3nh h\u1ea3i g\u1eafn v\u1edbi b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n r\u1ed9ng kho\u1ea3ng 226.000 km2. Do v\u1eady h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i bi\u1ec3n c\u0169ng r\u1ea5t phong ph\u00fa, c\u00f3 20 ki\u1ec3u h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh, c\u00f3 t\u00ednh \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t sinh h\u1ecdc cao. Trong v\u00f9ng bi\u1ec3n n\u01b0\u1edbc ta \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kho\u1ea3ng 11.000 lo\u00e0i sinh v\u1eadt c\u01b0 tr\u00fa trong c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc bi\u1ec3n kh\u00e1c nhau. Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n qu\u1ea7n x\u00e3 trong h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i gi\u00e0u, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n lo\u00e0i phong ph\u00fa.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">H\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i r\u1eebng: C\u00e1c h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i c\u1ee7a r\u1eebng Vi\u1ec7t Nam r\u1ea5t \u0111a d\u1ea1ng, m\u1ed7i h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i r\u1eebng th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ee9c h\u1ec7 r\u1ea5t ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 chi ph\u1ed1i b\u1edfi c\u00e1c quy lu\u1eadt n\u1ed9i vi v\u00e0 ngo\u1ea1i vi. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh: r\u1eebng tr\u00ean n\u00fai \u0111\u00e1 v\u00f4i, r\u1eebng r\u1ee5ng l\u00e1 v\u00e0 n\u1eeda r\u1ee5ng l\u00e1, r\u1eebng th\u01b0\u1eddng xanh n\u00fai th\u1ea5p, n\u00fai trung b\u00ecnh, n\u00fai cao v.v. c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc cao v\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Di\u1ec7n t\u00edch r\u1eebng c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3i qua nhi\u1ec1u giai \u0111o\u1ea1n bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00e1c nhau. Theo th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 Paul Maurand (1943), n\u0103m 1943 Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f3 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch r\u1eebng l\u00e0 14,3 tri\u1ec7u hecta, \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 che ph\u1ee7 l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 l\u00e0 43%. T\u1eeb n\u0103m 1943-1975, di\u1ec7n t\u00edch r\u1eebng \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb suy gi\u1ea3m c\u00f2n 11,2 tri\u1ec7u hecta v\u1edbi t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 che ph\u1ee7 l\u00e0 34% .<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">H\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i tr\u00ean c\u1ea1n: Trong c\u00e1c ki\u1ec3u h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i tr\u00ean c\u1ea1n th\u00ec r\u1eebng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng v\u1ec1 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n lo\u00e0i cao nh\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi \u0111\u00e2y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 n\u01a1i c\u01b0 tr\u00fa c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng, th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt hoang d\u00e3 v\u00e0 vi sinh v\u1eadt c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc. C\u00e1c ki\u1ec3u h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n lo\u00e0i ngh\u00e8o h\u01a1n. Ki\u1ec3u h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 khu \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ki\u1ec3u h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n lo\u00e0i sinh v\u1eadt ngh\u00e8o n\u00e0n.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Trong s\u1ed1 238 v\u00f9ng sinh th\u00e1i \u01b0u ti\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c WWF ghi nh\u1eadn th\u00ec t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 6 v\u00f9ng: R\u1eebng \u1ea9m tr\u00ean d\u00e3y Tr\u01b0\u1eddng S\u01a1n; R\u1eebng kh\u00f4 \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng; V\u00f9ng h\u1ea1 l\u01b0u s\u00f4ng Mekong; R\u1eebng \u1ea9m \u00e1 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi B\u1eafc \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng; R\u1eebng \u1ea9m \u0110\u00f4ng Nam Trung Qu\u1ed1c &#8211; H\u1ea3i Nam; v\u00e0 S\u00f4ng, su\u1ed1i T\u00e2y Giang (s\u00f4ng B\u1eb1ng &#8211; K\u1ef3 C\u00f9ng). M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 c\u00e1c KBT c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ho\u1eb7c khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn c\u00f3 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf ho\u1eb7c khu v\u1ef1c, bao g\u1ed3m: 6 khu Ramsar, 8 khu D\u1ef1 tr\u1eef sinh quy\u1ec3n, 2 khu Di s\u1ea3n thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 5 khu Di s\u1ea3n ASEAN. \/.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><strong>NBCA<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc (\u0110DSH) cao c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi; l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong 10 trung t\u00e2m \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc phong ph\u00fa nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. \u0110DSH \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam mang l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i \u00edch tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp cho con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p to l\u1edbn cho [&#8230;]\n","protected":false},"author":10,"featured_media":6894,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9033"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/10"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9033"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9033\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9036,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9033\/revisions\/9036"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6894"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9033"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9033"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9033"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}