Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng qu\u1ed1c gia c\u00f3 t\u00ednh \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc (\u0110DSH) cao tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. C\u00f4ng t\u00e1c b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 \u0110DSH lu\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc coi tr\u1ecdng, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc. Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng 1.400 lo\u00e0i th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt b\u1eadc cao; b\u00f2 s\u00e1t c\u00f3 296 lo\u00e0i, th\u00fa 322 lo\u00e0i, 887 lo\u00e0i chim; 357 lo\u00e0i b\u00f2 s\u00e1t, 176 lo\u00e0i \u1ebfch nh\u00e1i, h\u00e0ng v\u1ea1n lo\u00e0i c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng x\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ed1ng kh\u00e1c, vi t\u1ea3o \u1edf v\u00f9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 1.438 lo\u00e0i chi\u1ebfm 9,6% so v\u1edbi th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi (s\u1ed1 lo\u00e0i c\u00f3 tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi l\u00e0 15.000); 21.393 c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7ng vi sinh v\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n…v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee9ng th\u1ee9 16 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u1ec1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc. N\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c t\u1ed1t c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i sinh v\u1eadt \u0111\u1eb7c h\u1eefu n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 khai th\u00e1c ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u khoa h\u1ecdc, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng…th\u00ec s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o nhi\u1ec1u c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n
C\u00f3 hai h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n ngu\u1ed3n gen l\u00e0 b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n ex-situ v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n in-situ. B\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n ex-situ, c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n ngo\u1ea1i vi ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n chuy\u1ec3n ch\u1ed7, l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n ngu\u1ed3n gen b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i n\u01a1i ph\u00e1t sinh v\u00e0 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean c\u1ee7a ngu\u1ed3n gen. B\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n in-situ, c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n n\u1ed9i vi ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7, ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, l\u00e0 b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n ngu\u1ed3n gen ngay t\u1ea1i n\u01a1i b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n ngu\u1ed3n gen ph\u00e1t sinh, sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n
L\u01b0u gi\u1eef, ba\u0309o qua\u0309n ngu\u1ed3n gen t\u1ea1i Trung t\u00e2m T\u00e0i nguy\u00ean th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt<\/strong><\/p>\n Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng gen c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng Qu\u1ed1c gia (NHGCTQG) v\u00e0 H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean di truy\u1ec1n th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt do Trung t\u00e2m T\u00e0i nguy\u00ean th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ed1i. Tr\u1ee5 s\u1edf NHGCTQG, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 c\u00e1c trang thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u1ea1nh c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i kho d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n, trung h\u1ea1n v\u00e0 bu\u1ed3ng l\u00e0m kh\u00f4 h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng gen h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng. T\u00f2a nh\u00e0 ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng gen c\u00f3 khu Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng gen h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng, khu Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng gen in-vitro v\u00e0 khu b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n si\u00eau l\u1ea1nh. Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng gen h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n ex-situ 100.000 ngu\u1ed3n gen, tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc trong khu v\u1ef1c nh\u01b0 H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c, \u0110\u00e0i Loan.<\/p>\n Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng gen c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng Qu\u1ed1c gia c\u00f2n bao g\u1ed3m 03 h\u1ee3p ph\u1ea7n:<\/p>\n Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng gen \u0111\u1ed3ng ru\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh n\u0103m 1992 v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 gi\u1ed1ng Khoai t\u1eeb – v\u1ea1c. H\u1ee3p ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0y hi\u1ec7n nay c\u00f3 c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c l\u01b0u gi\u1eef ngu\u1ed3n gen c\u00e2y sinh s\u1ea3n v\u00f4 t\u00ednh tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ed3ng ru\u1ed9ng, trong nh\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1edbi v\u00e0 tr\u00ean ch\u1eadu v\u1ea1i;<\/p>\n Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng gen in-v\u1ec9tro, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o l\u1eadp n\u0103m 2002, m\u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c l\u01b0u gi\u1eef m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 gi\u1ed1ng Khoai m\u00f4n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n tr\u00ean Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng gen \u0111\u1ed3ng ru\u1ed9ng. Do ngu\u1ed3n gen trong l\u01b0u gi\u1eef in-vitro c\u00f3 t\u1ea7n su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn cao h\u01a1n b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00ean ta ch\u1ec9 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n nh\u1eefng ngu\u1ed3n gen c\u00e2y sinh s\u1ea3n v\u00f4 t\u00ednh g\u1eb7p r\u1ee7i ro khi l\u01b0u gi\u1eef tr\u00ean Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng gen \u0111\u1ed3ng ru\u1ed9ng;<\/p>\n B\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n si\u00eau l\u1ea1nh: s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec3n khai \u0111\u1ec3 l\u01b0u gi\u1eef v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u di truy\u1ec1n, ngu\u1ed3n gen c\u00e2y l\u01b0u ni\u00ean kh\u00f3 b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng gen \u0111\u1ed3ng ru\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n Hi\u00ea\u0323n ta\u0323i, t\u00f4\u0309ng s\u00f4\u0301 33031 m\u00e2\u0303u gi\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a 200 lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u gi\u1eef t\u1ea1i Trung t\u00e2m T\u00e0i nguy\u00ean th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt v\u1edbi h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c l\u01b0u gi\u1eef \u01a1\u0309 4 ng\u00e2n ha\u0300ng gen chi\u0301nh: Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng gen h\u1ea1t l\u01b0u gi\u01b0\u0303 28626 m\u00e2\u0303u gi\u00f4\u0301ng, Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng gen \u0111\u1ed3ng ru\u1ed9ng l\u01b0u gi\u01b0\u0303 3649 m\u00e2\u0303u gi\u00f4\u0301ng, Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng gen in vitro l\u01b0u gi\u01b0\u0303 657 m\u00e2\u0303u gi\u00f4\u0301ng va\u0300 Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng ADN ba\u0309o qua\u0309n 99 m\u00e2\u0303u gi\u00f4\u0301ng (B\u1ea3ng 1).\u00a0 Ca\u0301c m\u00e2\u0303u gi\u00f4\u0301ng \u0111ang l\u01b0u gi\u01b0\u0303 \u0111\u01b0\u01a1\u0323c ch\u0103m so\u0301c, ki\u00ea\u0309m tra, \u0111a\u0301nh gia\u0301 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng, s\u01b0\u0301c sinh tr\u01b0\u01a1\u0309ng pha\u0301t tri\u00ea\u0309n \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 h\u00e0ng n\u0103m va\u0300 \u0111\u00ea\u0300u \u0111a\u0301p \u01b0\u0301ng y\u00eau c\u00e2\u0300u s\u01b0\u0301c kh\u1ecfe gi\u00f4\u0301ng theo ti\u00eau chi\u0301 l\u01b0u gi\u01b0\u0303.<\/p>\n L\u01b0u gi\u1eef ngu\u1ed3n gen t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi<\/strong><\/p>\n Trung t\u00e2m T\u00e0i nguy\u00ean th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ch\u1ee7 tr\u00ec Nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 B\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n qu\u1ef9 gen c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ed1i ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n ngu\u1ed3n gen c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng Qu\u1ed1c gia (HTBTNGCTQG). C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a Trung t\u00e2m T\u00e0i nguy\u00ean th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt, HTBTNGCTQG kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1. Tr\u1ea3i qua qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n trong h\u01a1n 25 n\u0103m qua, HTBTNGCTQG c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n tu ch\u00ednh v\u1ec1 n\u1ed9i dung c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan m\u00e0ng l\u01b0\u1edbi trong H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. Hi\u1ec7n nay HTBTNGCTQG c\u00f3 15 \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb, trong \u0111\u00f3 Trung t\u00e2m T\u00e0i nguy\u00ean th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt, \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng gen c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng Qu\u1ed1c gia l\u00e0 c\u01a1 quan \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ed1i v\u00e0 14 \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n c\u00e1c t\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n ngu\u1ed3n gen c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n trong c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi c\u1ee7a H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n Ta\u0323i ca\u0301c c\u01a1 quan ma\u0323ng l\u01b0\u01a1\u0301i thu\u1ed9c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n ngu\u1ed3n gen th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p Qu\u1ed1c gia hi\u00ea\u0323n \u0111ang l\u01b0u gi\u01b0\u0303 2649 m\u1eabu gi\u00f4\u0301ng cu\u0309a c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n gen c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng (B\u1ea3ng 2). Ca\u0301c ngu\u00f4\u0300n gen \u0111\u01b0\u01a1\u0323c l\u01b0u gi\u01b0\u0303 bao g\u00f4\u0300m: c\u00e2y \u0103n qu\u1ea3 (b\u01b0\u1edfi, cam, qu\u00fdt, xo\u00e0i, m\u1eadn, \u0111\u00e0o, thanh long, nho.v.v.), c\u00e2y c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p (ti\u00eau, \u0111i\u1ec1u, ca cao, c\u00e0 ph\u00ea, ch\u00e8 v.v), c\u00e2y che ph\u1ee7, c\u00e2y c\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ea5t, c\u00e2y hoa.v.v.<\/p>\n NBCA<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng qu\u1ed1c gia c\u00f3 t\u00ednh \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc (\u0110DSH) cao tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. C\u00f4ng t\u00e1c b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 \u0110DSH lu\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc coi tr\u1ecdng, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc. Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng […]\n","protected":false},"author":10,"featured_media":6894,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9097"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/10"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9097"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9097\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9098,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9097\/revisions\/9098"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6894"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9097"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9097"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9097"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}