{"id":9107,"date":"2024-08-22T10:43:20","date_gmt":"2024-08-22T03:43:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/?p=9107"},"modified":"2025-03-26T10:49:04","modified_gmt":"2025-03-26T03:49:04","slug":"vai-tro-da-dang-sinh-hoc-trong-nen-kinh-te-quoc-gia-va-doi-song-nguoi-dan-viet-nam","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/vai-tro-da-dang-sinh-hoc-trong-nen-kinh-te-quoc-gia-va-doi-song-nguoi-dan-viet-nam\/","title":{"rendered":"Vai tr\u00f2 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc trong n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c gia v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam"},"content":{"rendered":"

Vai tr\u00f2 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc trong n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c gia v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam <\/strong><\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e0 n\u01a1i c\u01b0 tr\u00fa c\u1ee7a g\u1ea7n 16.500 lo\u00e0i th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt b\u1eadc cao, n\u1ea5m v\u00e0 r\u00eau tr\u00ean c\u1ea1n, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng 30% l\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7c h\u1eefu. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh s\u1ef1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc phong ph\u00fa c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt n\u01b0\u1edbc ta. V\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt tr\u00ean c\u1ea1n, Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng 10.500 lo\u00e0i, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng 8.000 lo\u00e0i c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng x\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ed1ng tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t li\u1ec1n, g\u1ea7n 500 lo\u00e0i b\u00f2 s\u00e1t v\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u01b0, 850 lo\u00e0i chim, v\u00e0 312 lo\u00e0i th\u00fa. Trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt, c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng 1.500 lo\u00e0i vi t\u1ea3o v\u00e0 rong, h\u01a1n 1.000 lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng x\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng 600 lo\u00e0i c\u00e1. D\u01b0\u1edbi bi\u1ec3n, s\u1ed1 lo\u00e0i rong, c\u1ecf v\u00e0 vi t\u1ea3o v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 1.200 lo\u00e0i, h\u01a1n 7.000 lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng x\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ed1ng, kho\u1ea3ng 2.500 lo\u00e0i c\u00e1 v\u00e0 g\u1ea7n 50 lo\u00e0i r\u1eafn bi\u1ec3n, r\u00f9a bi\u1ec3n c\u00f9ng th\u00fa bi\u1ec3n. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc c\u0169ng cho r\u1eb1ng s\u1ed1 lo\u00e0i sinh v\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u1eadn v\u1eabn th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, v\u00e0 ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn c\u00f2n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u lo\u00e0i hoang d\u00e3 ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n

\u0110a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc (\u0110DSH) \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a to l\u1edbn trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, th\u00ea\u0309 hi\u00ea\u0323n qua ch\u01b0\u0301c n\u0103ng va\u0300 t\u00e2\u0300m quan tro\u0323ng cu\u0309a c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i (HST). Kh\u00f4ng chi\u0309 la\u0300 n\u01a1i c\u01b0 tr\u00fa, m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u lo\u00e0i sinh v\u1eadt, c\u00e1c HST c\u00f2n c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n

D\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 cung c\u1ea5p: HST mang \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i \u00edch tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp cho con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb kinh t\u1ebf r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p l\u1edbn cho n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c gia, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng l\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n (H\u00ecnh 1); l\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an ninh l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc; duy tr\u00ec ngu\u1ed3n gen t\u1ea1o gi\u1ed1ng v\u1eadt nu\u00f4i, c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng; cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u, d\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7u; cung c\u1ea5p kho\u1ea3ng 80% l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n khai th\u00e1c t\u1eeb v\u00f9ng bi\u1ec3n ven b\u1edd v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng g\u1ea7n 40% l\u01b0\u1ee3ng protein cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n. Ngh\u1ec1 th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n \u0111em l\u1ea1i ngu\u1ed3n thu nh\u1eadp ch\u00ednh cho kho\u1ea3ng 8 tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n thu nh\u1eadp cho kho\u1ea3ng 12 tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

T\u1ed5ng tr\u1eef l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea3i s\u1ea3n \u1edf bi\u1ec3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh kho\u1ea3ng 3.075.000 tri\u1ec7u t\u1ea5n (s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec1u tra giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 2011-2012 c\u1ee7a Vi\u00ea\u0323n Nghi\u00ean c\u01b0\u0301u ha\u0309i sa\u0309n. T\u1ed5ng s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng khai th\u00e1c n\u00ean \u1edf m\u1ee9c 1.700.000 \u0111\u1ebfn 1.900.000 tri\u1ec7u t\u1ea5n n\u0103m. Hi\u1ec7n nay t\u1ed5ng s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng khai th\u00e1c \u1edf m\u1ee9c 2.500.000 tri\u1ec7u t\u1ea5n\/n\u0103m).<\/p>\n

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H\u00ecnh 1. T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 % \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh n\u00f4ng, l\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n v\u00e0o t\u1ed5ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m kinh t\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c d\u00e2n qua c\u00e1c n\u0103m<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ngu\u1ed3n: T\u1ed5ng c\u1ee5c Th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea (2013), S\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea v\u1ec1 n\u00f4ng, l\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n<\/em><\/p>\n

D\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 v\u0103n h\u00f3a: HST kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 cung c\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i \u00edch v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp m\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng nhu c\u1ea7u l\u1edbn h\u01a1n c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. C\u00e1c HST c\u00f3 t\u00ednh \u0110DSH cao cung c\u1ea5p gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng to l\u1edbn cho c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3i tr\u00ed \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh du l\u1ecbch sinh th\u00e1i \u0111ang d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n \u0111em l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c n\u00e2ng cao nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n v\u1ec1 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a \u0110DSH v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c ba\u0309o t\u00f4\u0300n thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean (BTTN). Theo b\u00e1o c\u00e1o c\u1ee7a 14\/30 VQG v\u00e0 c\u00e1c khu BTTN, n\u0103m 2011 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3n ti\u1ebfp 728.000 l\u01b0\u1ee3t kh\u00e1ch, v\u1edbi t\u1ed5ng doanh thu tr\u00ean 30 t\u1ef7 \u0111\u1ed3ng.<\/p>\n

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<\/a>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

H\u00ecnh <\/strong>2<\/strong>. Doanh thu t\u1eeb d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 sinh th\u00e1i t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c VQG n\u0103m 2011 (t\u1ef7 \u0111\u1ed3ng)<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ngu\u1ed3n: B\u1ed9TN&MT, B\u00e1o c\u00e1o Qu\u1ed1c gia v\u1ec1 \u0110DSH n\u0103m 2011<\/em><\/p>\n

D\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec1u ti\u1ebft: D\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111i\u00ea\u0300u ti\u00ea\u0301t bao g\u1ed3m: s\u1ef1 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a kh\u00ed h\u1eadu th\u00f4ng qua l\u01b0u tr\u1eef cacbon v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u01b0a, l\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc, ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, gi\u1ea3m nh\u1eb9 nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c h\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a thi\u00ean tai nh\u01b0 l\u1edf \u0111\u1ea5t hay b\u00e3o l\u0169. Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb l\u01b0u gi\u1eef v\u00e0 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 cacbon c\u1ee7a r\u1eebng Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 r\u1eebng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean. Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb n\u00e0y t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 thu\u1eadn v\u1edbi tr\u1eef l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 sinh kh\u1ed1i r\u1eebng. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh: Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb l\u01b0u gi\u1eef cacbon c\u1ee7a r\u1eebng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 35-85 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng\/ha\/n\u0103m v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 cacbon h\u00e0ng n\u0103m kho\u1ea3ng 0,4-1,3 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng\/ha\/n\u0103m v\u1edbi Mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc. \u1ede Mi\u1ec1n Trung gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb l\u01b0u gi\u1eef cacbon t\u1eeb 37- 91 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng\/ha\/n\u0103m v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 cacbon l\u00e0 0,5- 1,5 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng\/ha\/n\u0103m. \u1ede Mi\u1ec1n Nam gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb l\u01b0u gi\u1eef cacbon l\u00e0 46-91 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng\/ha\/n\u0103m v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 cacbon l\u00e0 0,6-1,5 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng\/ha\/n\u0103m.<\/p>\n

D\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3: \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu trong c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a HST va\u0300 gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 kha\u0301c. Co\u0301 th\u00ea\u0309 v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u00ea\u0300 di\u0323ch vu\u0323 h\u00f4\u0303 tr\u01a1\u0323 nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea5t hay qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt. Vi\u1ec7t Nam n\u1eb1m trong v\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi gi\u00f3 m\u00f9a, h\u00e0ng n\u0103m ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu t\u1eeb 5 \u0111\u1ebfn 8 c\u01a1n b\u00e3o v\u00e0 \u00e1p th\u1ea5p nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi k\u00e8m theo m\u01b0a l\u1edbn. C\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u cho th\u1ea5y, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng r\u1ec5 d\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y r\u1eebng ng\u1eadp m\u1eb7n c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn trong vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ea5t ven bi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 v\u00f9ng c\u1eeda s\u00f4ng. Ch\u00fang v\u1eeba ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 c\u00f4ng ph\u00e1 b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a s\u00f4ng, v\u1eeba l\u00e0m v\u1eadt c\u1ea3n cho tr\u1ea7m t\u00edch l\u1eafng \u0111\u1ecdng nh\u01b0 gi\u1eef hoa l\u00e1, c\u00e0nh r\u1ee5ng tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t b\u00f9n v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7 n\u00ean b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea5t. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y ti\u00ean phong nh\u01b0 M\u1eafm bi\u1ec3n, M\u1eafm tr\u1eafng, B\u1ea7n tr\u1eafng sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t b\u1ed3i non c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u1eef \u0111\u1ea5t ph\u00f9 sa, m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t li\u1ec1n ra ph\u00eda bi\u1ec3n nh\u01b0 \u1edf v\u00f9ng T\u00e2y Nam m\u0169i C\u00e0 Mau, d\u1ecdc s\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ed3ng Tranh, C\u1ea7n Gi\u1edd, TP. H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh, c\u00e1c b\u00e3i b\u1ed3i \u1edf c\u1eeda s\u00f4ng H\u1ed3ng.<\/p>\n

Ca\u0301c nghi\u00ean c\u01b0\u0301u cho th\u1ea5y, c\u00e1c da\u0309i r\u1eebng ng\u1eadp m\u1eb7n ven bi\u1ec3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n gi\u1ea3m \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 20 \u2013 50% thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i do b\u00e3o, n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n d\u00e2ng v\u00e0 s\u00f3ng th\u1ea7n g\u00e2y ra. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng r\u1eebng ng\u1eadp m\u1eb7n tr\u1ed3ng ven \u0111\u00ea c\u00f2n \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 t\u1ea5m l\u00e0 ch\u1eafn xanh, gi\u1ea3m 20 – 70% n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a s\u00f3ng bi\u1ec3n, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n cho c\u00e1c con \u0111\u00ea bi\u1ec3n, gi\u00fap ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn t\u1ef7 \u0111\u1ed3ng cho vi\u1ec7c duy tu, s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa \u0111\u00ea bi\u1ec3n.\/.<\/p>\n

NBCA<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Vai tr\u00f2 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc trong n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c gia v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e0 n\u01a1i c\u01b0 tr\u00fa c\u1ee7a g\u1ea7n 16.500 lo\u00e0i th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt b\u1eadc cao, n\u1ea5m v\u00e0 r\u00eau tr\u00ean c\u1ea1n, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng 30% l\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7c h\u1eefu. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh s\u1ef1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng […]\n","protected":false},"author":10,"featured_media":6894,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9107"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/10"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9107"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9107\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9118,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9107\/revisions\/9118"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6894"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9107"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9107"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9107"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}