{"id":9238,"date":"2024-11-06T12:42:46","date_gmt":"2024-11-06T05:42:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/?p=9238"},"modified":"2025-03-26T12:43:28","modified_gmt":"2025-03-26T05:43:28","slug":"giai-phap-tiep-can-dua-tren-he-sinh-thai-eba-trong-thich-ung-bien-doi-khi-hau","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/giai-phap-tiep-can-dua-tren-he-sinh-thai-eba-trong-thich-ung-bien-doi-khi-hau\/","title":{"rendered":"Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i EbA trong th\u00edch \u1ee9ng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i (Ecosystem-based Adaptation &#8211; EbA) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap con ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00edch \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu. EbA \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, n\u00e2ng cao kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecbu c\u1ee7a c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n sinh k\u1ebf b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Theo \u0111\u00f3, EbA d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean 04 nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc ch\u00ednh bao g\u1ed3m: (i) D\u1ef1a v\u00e0o thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean: T\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean nh\u01b0 r\u1eebng, \u0111\u1ea7m l\u1ea7y, r\u1ea1n san h\u00f4 \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu; (ii) T\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecbu: H\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 s\u1ef1 th\u00edch nghi c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i; (iii) \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o l\u1ee3i \u00edch \u0111a chi\u1ec1u: Kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u00fap th\u00edch \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu m\u00e0 c\u00f2n mang l\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i \u00edch kinh t\u1ebf, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc; (iv) G\u1eafn k\u1ebft v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch v\u00e0 quy ho\u1ea1ch: C\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u00e0o c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng v\u00e0 quy ho\u1ea1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">C\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean (NbS), m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p EbA hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u0169ng bao g\u1ed3m b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7, ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i r\u1eebng v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean n\u01b0\u1edbc. C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u00fap x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng h\u1ed3 ch\u1ee9a t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean gi\u00fap duy tr\u00ec ngu\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc trong m\u00f9a kh\u00f4 v\u00e0 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf l\u0169 l\u1ee5t v\u00e0o m\u00f9a m\u01b0a; c\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ea7m l\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 v\u00e0 l\u1ecdc n\u01b0\u1edbc, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ngu\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ea7m. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi r\u1eebng \u2013 m\u1ed9t l\u00e1 ch\u1eafn t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, gi\u1ea3m nguy c\u01a1 s\u1ea1t l\u1edf \u0111\u1ea5t, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ngu\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc, vi\u1ec7c tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng ng\u1eadp m\u1eb7n gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n d\u00e2ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 v\u00f9ng ven bi\u1ec3n kh\u1ecfi s\u00f3ng l\u1edbn.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ngo\u00e0i ra, EbA gi\u00fap x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng canh t\u00e1c n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p sinh th\u00e1i, tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00ed h\u1eadu \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng; t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng ch\u1ecbu h\u1ea1n v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng lu\u00e2n canh \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00ec nhi\u00eau c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t. Hay m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i ven bi\u1ec3n, do r\u1ea1n san h\u00f4 v\u00e0 th\u1ea3m c\u1ecf bi\u1ec3n \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m s\u00f3ng v\u00e0 x\u00f3i m\u00f2n b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n; ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i ven bi\u1ec3n gi\u00fap duy tr\u00ec ngh\u1ec1 c\u00e1 b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 sinh k\u1ebf c\u1ee7a c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">B\u1edfi c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p n\u00eau tr\u00ean, EbA mang l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch, trong \u0111\u00f3: (i) Gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a thi\u00ean tai: H\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 t\u1ea5m l\u00e1 ch\u1eafn gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a b\u00e3o, l\u0169 l\u1ee5t v\u00e0 h\u1ea1n h\u00e1n; (ii) T\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng an ninh l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc: C\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean n\u01b0\u1edbc; (iii) H\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc: B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u lo\u00e0i sinh v\u1eadt v\u00e0 gi\u1eef c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i; (iv) Mang l\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i \u00edch kinh t\u1ebf: T\u1ea1o vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m t\u1eeb du l\u1ecbch sinh th\u00e1i, ngh\u1ec1 c\u00e1 b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Tuy nhi\u00ean, vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p EbA \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">M\u1ed9t l\u00e0, thi\u1ebfu ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3: C\u1ea7n c\u00f3 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o EbA; T\u00edch h\u1ee3p EbA v\u00e0o c\u00e1c k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf &#8211; x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng ngu\u1ed3n v\u1ed1n h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Hai l\u00e0, nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00f2n h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf: C\u1ea7n t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n, gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c v\u1ec1 l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a EbA; t\u1eadp trung \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng cao n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd, c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn EbA.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ba l\u00e0, s\u1ef1 xung \u0111\u1ed9t gi\u1eefa ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n: C\u1ea7n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p h\u00e0i h\u00f2a gi\u1eefa b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng; X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \u01b0u \u0111\u00e3i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n theo h\u01b0\u1edbng th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i (EbA) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111i quan tr\u1ecdng gi\u00fap con ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00edch \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 v\u00e0 t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, EbA kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u r\u1ee7i ro thi\u00ean tai m\u00e0 c\u00f2n mang l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch kinh t\u1ebf &#8211; x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u1ec3 tri\u1ec3n khai hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd gi\u1eefa ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7, doanh nghi\u1ec7p, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c phi ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng v\u00e0 l\u00e2u d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y.\/.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><strong>NBCA<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i (Ecosystem-based Adaptation &#8211; EbA) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap con ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00edch \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu. EbA \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, n\u00e2ng [&#8230;]\n","protected":false},"author":10,"featured_media":6894,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9238"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/10"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9238"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9238\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9239,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9238\/revisions\/9239"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6894"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9238"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9238"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbca.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9238"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}