C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi cho r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n l\u00e0m c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng. Th\u1ef1c ra, c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i kinh t\u1ebf. B\u1edfi v\u00ec c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m chi ph\u00ed v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n. M\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u00ednh to\u00e1n l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n hi\u1ec7n nay cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c C\u00f4ng ty \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng t\u00ednh to\u00e1n l\u1ee3i \u00edch mang l\u1ea1i trong vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n l\u00e0 bao nhi\u00eau.<\/p>\n
\u0110\u00e3 bao nhi\u00eau l\u1ea7n b\u1ea1n r\u1eddi m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp v\u00e0 nghi ng\u1edd r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 s\u1ebd thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ty b\u1ea1n? \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00e0ng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n h\u01a1n khi th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 ti\u1ec1n b\u1ea1c l\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f9ng nhau \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1, trong nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ee9 kh\u00e1c n\u1eefa, l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o v\u00e0 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf – v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n
M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi xem c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ed9 chi\u1ebfu x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp c\u00e1c th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c xem ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 t\u1ec7 h\u1ea1i ho\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3i qua, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c v\u1eabn xem c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bth\u1ee9c v\u00f4 gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia. Nh\u01b0ng d\u00f9 b\u1ea1n thu\u1ed9c nh\u00f3m n\u00e0o \u1edf tr\u00ean, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n hi\u1ebfm khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 trong c\u00e1c con s\u1ed1. L\u1ea5y v\u00ed d\u1ee5, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 t\u0103ng doanh thu ho\u1eb7c t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng GDP c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n
Ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i \u00edch m\u00e0 c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n mang l\u1ea1i? C\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u00e0: C\u00d3. C\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ed1t y\u1ebfu, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n. Chi ph\u00ed ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh, nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 th\u00ec ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u.<\/p>\n
B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1ch m\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ty c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1t c\u00e1c l\u1ee3i \u00edch kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i \u00edch cao nh\u1ea5t. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ISO v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng 30 c\u00f4ng ty, v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, \u0111\u00e3 xem x\u00e9t k\u1ef9 l\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u00e1ch h\u1ecd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. T\u1eeb m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y bia Nga \u0111am m\u00ea ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng (xem h\u00ecnh) cho \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ty nh\u1ecf c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb, nh\u1eefng con s\u1ed1 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eadt th\u00fa v\u1ecb.<\/p>\n
T\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean, nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t \u0111a d\u1ea1ng, v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng kinh nghi\u1ec7m kh\u00e1c nhau t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o quy m\u00f4 c\u00f4ng ty, khu v\u1ef1c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t t\u1eeb c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p nh\u1ecf v\u1edbi 25 nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean v\u00e0 doanh thu h\u00e0ng n\u0103m kho\u1ea3ng 4,5 tri\u1ec7u USD, \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c t\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n c\u00f3 h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0n nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean v\u1edbi doanh thu h\u00e0ng n\u0103m h\u01a1n 1,5 t\u1ef7 USD. Nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng ty n\u00e0y ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng trong m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kinh doanh, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 vi\u1ec5n th\u00f4ng. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty n\u00e0y, l\u1ee3i \u00edch l\u1ee3i \u00edch x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 t\u1eeb 0,15% \u0111\u1ebfn 5% doanh thu b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng h\u00e0ng n\u0103m.<\/p>\n
\nNh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin quan tr\u1ecdng kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u l\u00e0 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a khu v\u1ef1c. M\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh l\u00e0 ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a Singapore. V\u00e0i n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y, ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u00e0ng t\u1ef7 \u0111\u00f4 la \u0111\u00e3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin, SS CP 83, m\u1ed9t ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n CAD \u200b\u200bcho b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt. Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho vi\u1ec7c trao \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a CORENET (X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 M\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi B\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n) cho vi\u1ec7c tr\u00ecnh b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed \u0111\u1ec3 c\u01a1 quan qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd xem x\u00e9t v\u00e0 ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n
Ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng CP 83 trong su\u1ed1t chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch, ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, ki\u1ec3m tra v\u00e0 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh th\u1eed. Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m cho vi\u1ec7c trao \u0111\u1ed5i b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200btr\u00fac s\u01b0, k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf kh\u00e1c nhau tr\u1edf n\u00ean d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd in.<\/p>\n
Nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i \u00edch v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c: ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m kinh t\u1ebf kho\u1ea3ng 320 tri\u1ec7u SGD (250 tri\u1ec7u USD) cho l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng d\u00e2n d\u1ee5ng Singapore (t\u1eeb n\u0103m 2003 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2012). V\u00ec v\u1eady, l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p cho l\u1ee3i \u00edch kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p?<\/p>\n
T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, c\u00e1c l\u1ee3i \u00edch thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb:<\/p>\n
(1) Chi ph\u00ed v\u00e0 n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ecfi vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ea3i chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd cho c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u00e0 tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t
\n(2) Th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0nh cho vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd
\n(3) Ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m chi ph\u00ed v\u1ec1 gi\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed
\n(4) Ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m \u0111i l\u1ea1i
\n(5) Chuy\u1ec3n giao b\u00ed quy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean t\u1eeb c\u00f4ng ty \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng ty k\u1ebf ti\u1ebfp<\/p>\n
Kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a Singapore n\u00eau b\u1eadt nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t cho to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. T\u1eeb thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp th\u1ecb, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a. Vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c CP 83 – c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi c\u1ea5p ph\u00e9p \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed CORENET – t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 th\u00f4ng tin li\u00ean l\u1ea1c v\u00e0 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ee3i \u00edch kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng ty n\u00e0y v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng ty kh\u00e1c, vi\u1ec7c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a kh\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch c\u00f4ng ty m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u00ean r\u1ed3. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb ng\u00e0nh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng.<\/p>\n
\nTrong m\u1ed9t th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 qua, s\u1ef1 quan t\u00e2m ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1c l\u1ee3i \u00edch kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n. Nh\u01b0ng l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n tr\u00ean quy m\u00f4 qu\u1ed1c gia ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp? M\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ee9c v\u00e0 V\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c Anh l\u00e0 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp gi\u1eefa vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng kinh t\u1ebf, n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t lao \u0111\u1ed9ng, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n n\u1eefa.<\/p>\n
M\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u1edf Anh do S\u1edf C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 BSI, c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a ISO c\u1ee7a Anh, \u0111\u00e3 \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p v\u00e0o GBP 2,5 t\u1ef7 USD cho n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf V\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c Anh v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfm 13% trong vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t lao \u0111\u1ed9ng trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y . T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, DIN, c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean ISO c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c, \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho 1% t\u1ed5ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m qu\u1ed1c n\u1ed9i. Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 \u1edf M\u1ef9, \u00dac v\u00e0 Canada ch\u1ee9ng th\u1ef1c nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n
Ngu\u1ed3n: Iso.org<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi cho r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n l\u00e0m c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng. Th\u1ef1c ra, c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i kinh t\u1ebf. B\u1edfi v\u00ec c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m chi ph\u00ed v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2845,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[30],"tags":[],"acf":{"linh-vuc":"\u0110o l\u01b0\u1eddng"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tcvn.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2844"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tcvn.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tcvn.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tcvn.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tcvn.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2844"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/tcvn.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2844\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tcvn.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2845"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tcvn.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2844"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tcvn.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2844"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tcvn.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2844"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}