{"id":30076,"date":"2018-11-15T21:02:20","date_gmt":"2018-11-15T14:02:20","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/tcvn.gov.vn\/?p=30076"},"modified":"2018-11-15T21:02:20","modified_gmt":"2018-11-15T14:02:20","slug":"ngay-mai-1-kilogram-co-the-se-khong-con-la-1-kilogram-chung-ta-tung-biet-nua","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tcvn.gov.vn\/ngay-mai-1-kilogram-co-the-se-khong-con-la-1-kilogram-chung-ta-tung-biet-nua\/15\/11\/2018\/","title":{"rendered":"Ng\u00e0y mai, 1 kilogram c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 1 kilogram ch\u00fang ta t\u1eebng bi\u1ebft n\u1eefa"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0110\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh khoa h\u1ecdc: “m\u1ed9t kilogram” s\u1ebd thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n.<\/span><\/p>\n

Sau 130 n\u0103m t\u1eeb ng\u00e0y n\u00f3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh quy chu\u1ea9n \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i, kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m “m\u1ed9t kilogram” s\u1ebd chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb v\u1ec1 h\u01b0u. \u0110\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i d\u1ea5u ch\u1ea5m h\u1ebft c\u1ee7a “m\u1ed9t kilogram”, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a kilogram thay \u0111\u1ed5i.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

“M\u1ed9t kilogram” s\u1ebd tr\u1edf n\u00ean ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c h\u01a1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ng\u00e0y mai, 16 th\u00e1ng M\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ed9t, H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb C\u00e2n n\u1eb7ng v\u00e0 \u0110o l\u01b0\u1eddng (CGPM) t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c t\u1ea1i Versailles s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu, th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c b\u00e3i b\u1ecf kilogram c\u0169 v\u00e0 ch\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3n \u0111\u1ea1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kilogram m\u1edbi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t, cu\u1ed9c b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu n\u00e0y s\u1ebd thay \u0111\u1ed5i quy \u01b0\u1edbc v\u1ec1 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m “m\u1ed9t c\u00e2n”, v\u00ec kh\u1ed1i kim lo\u1ea1i “\u0111\u00fang chu\u1ea9n m\u1ed9t c\u00e2n” mang t\u00ean IPK \u0111\u00e3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng sau khi n\u1eb1m trong l\u1ed3ng k\u00ednh t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1889 \u0111\u1ebfn nay.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a kilogram, m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n l\u00e0 v\u00ec c\u00e2n n\u1eb7ng b\u1ea1n v\u1eabn s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i sau v\u1ee5 b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu ng\u00e0y mai \u0111\u00e2u. Nh\u01b0ng v\u1edbi ng\u00e0nh khoa h\u1ecdc, n\u00f3 c\u1ef1c k\u00ec quan tr\u1ecdng. M\u1ecdi \u0111o \u0111\u1ea1c ta th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec1u xoay quanh nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ea1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i \u2013 nh\u1eefng h\u1eb1ng s\u1ed1 trong m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eb3ng th\u1ee9c. H\u1eb1ng s\u1ed1 c\u00e0ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi \u0111o \u0111\u1ea1c s\u1ebd c\u00e0ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ta c\u00f3 b\u1ea3y \u0111\u1ea1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n:<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a m\u1ed9t M\u00e9t, m\u1ed9t tick c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 nguy\u00ean t\u1eed xezi \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a m\u1ed9t Gi\u00e2y, h\u1eb1ng s\u1ed1 Avogadro \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a m\u1ed9t Mole, c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a m\u1ed9t Candela, h\u1eb1ng s\u1ed1 Boltzmann \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a m\u1ed9t Kelvin, \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a m\u1ed9t Ampere.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u1ee5c kim lo\u1ea1i n\u1eb1m trong h\u1ea7m k\u00edn t\u1ea1i Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a m\u1ed9t kilogram.<\/span><\/p>\n

“\u00dd t\u01b0\u1edfng n\u1eb1m sau s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0y, l\u00e0 c\u00f3 m\u1ecdi \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c h\u1eb1ng s\u1ed1 v\u1eadt l\u00fd, ch\u00fang \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai, cho ph\u00e9p ta \u0111o \u0111\u1ea1c t\u1ea1i b\u1ea5t k\u00ec \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0o<\/i>“, gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c C\u1ee5c C\u00e2n n\u1eb7ng v\u00e0 \u0110o l\u01b0\u1eddng (BIPM), Terry Quinn n\u00f3i v\u1edbi ScienceAlert.<\/span><\/p>\n

Hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, kilogram \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a b\u1eb1ng Nguy\u00ean m\u1eabu Kilogram Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf – International Prototype Kilogram (IPK) hay “Le Grand K” theo ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u1ed1i r\u1eafn l\u00e0m t\u1eeb 90% platinum v\u00e0 10% iridi. Kilogram l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng duy nh\u1ea5t v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee5c kim lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i theo th\u1eddi gian, kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 l\u00e0 IPK \u0111ang t\u0103ng hay gi\u1ea3m kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, v\u1eady n\u00ean r\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong c\u00e1ch \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng, \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1ecdi \u0111o \u0111\u1ea1c sau n\u00e0y di\u1ec5n ra ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c h\u01a1n.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t: x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m “m\u1ed9t kilogram” b\u1eb1ng h\u1eb1ng s\u1ed1 Planck.<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

\n
\"Ng\u00e0y<\/span><\/div>\n
\n

“\u0110\u1ebfn gi\u1edd, ta m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kilogram b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t h\u1eb1ng s\u1ed1 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc \u2013 h\u1eb1ng s\u1ed1 Planck, v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng v\u00e0 t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 tick c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t nguy\u00ean t\u1eed xezi<\/i>“, gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Quinn gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch. “T\u1ea1i sao l\u1ea1i c\u1ea7n c\u1ea3 ba \u01b0? B\u1edfi h\u1eb1ng s\u1ed1 Planck l\u00e0 kgm2<\/sup>s-1<\/sup>, n\u00ean ta ph\u1ea3i c\u1ea7n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m m\u00e9t \u0111o b\u1eb1ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng, v\u00e0 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m gi\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o b\u1eb1ng t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 tick c\u1ee7a xezi<\/i>“.<\/span><\/p>\n

S\u1ed1 \u0111o xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n khi b\u1ea1n b\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00ean c\u00e2n s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i. Nh\u01b0ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc, c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i s\u1ed1, c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u00ednh s\u1ebd x\u00ea d\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u00fat, ti\u1ebfn g\u1ea7n h\u01a1n t\u1edbi m\u1ee9c ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i. \u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a m\u1edbi s\u1ebd c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n t\u1ea7m hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a ta v\u1ec1 \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb \u0111o, s\u1ebd m\u1edf ra nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c h\u01a1n.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m kilogram c\u0169 ra \u0111i, kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m m\u1edbi, ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c h\u01a1n xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n\u00a0 Vi\u1ec7c b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu s\u1ebd di\u1ec5n ra v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y mai, 16\/11 v\u00e0 n\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng qua (ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng qua, nh\u01b0ng ch\u01b0a b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu n\u00ean c\u1ee9 ph\u1ea3i n\u00f3i v\u1eady), \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a kilogram m\u1edbi s\u1ebd ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0o Ng\u00e0y \u0110o l\u01b0\u1eddng Khoa h\u1ecdc Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, 20 th\u00e1ng N\u0103m n\u0103m 2019.<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u00fa v\u1ecb h\u01a1n, sau khi c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c con s\u1ed1 kilogram m\u1edbi, ta s\u1ebd mang c\u1ee5c kim\u00a0lo\u1ea1i IPK l\u00ean b\u00e0n c\u00e2n, xem n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng hay gi\u1ea3m. Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 cho vui th\u00f4i, v\u00ec ngo\u00e0i \u00fd ngh\u0129a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed ra, IPK ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n h\u01a1n c\u1ee5c ch\u1eb7n gi\u1ea5y l\u00e0 m\u1ea5y.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Theo tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c tr\u1ebb<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0110\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh khoa h\u1ecdc: “m\u1ed9t kilogram” s\u1ebd thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n. Sau 130 n\u0103m t\u1eeb ng\u00e0y n\u00f3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh quy chu\u1ea9n \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i, kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m “m\u1ed9t kilogram” s\u1ebd chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb v\u1ec1 h\u01b0u. \u0110\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i d\u1ea5u ch\u1ea5m h\u1ebft c\u1ee7a “m\u1ed9t kilogram”, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":30077,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[59,30,27],"tags":[],"acf":{"linh-vuc":"\u0110o l\u01b0\u1eddng"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tcvn.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30076"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tcvn.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tcvn.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tcvn.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tcvn.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=30076"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/tcvn.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30076\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tcvn.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/30077"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tcvn.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=30076"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tcvn.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=30076"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tcvn.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=30076"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}