{"id":59377,"date":"2021-08-27T13:16:09","date_gmt":"2021-08-27T06:16:09","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/tcvn.gov.vn\/?p=59377"},"modified":"2021-08-27T13:16:09","modified_gmt":"2021-08-27T06:16:09","slug":"thuc-pham-chua-hoa-chat-nguy-hiem-kho-luong-voi-hoat-chat-ep-chin-trai-cay","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tcvn.gov.vn\/thuc-pham-chua-hoa-chat-nguy-hiem-kho-luong-voi-hoat-chat-ep-chin-trai-cay\/27\/08\/2021\/","title":{"rendered":"Th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ee9a h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t: Nguy hi\u1ec3m kh\u00f3 l\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1edbi ho\u1ea1t ch\u1ea5t \u00e9p ch\u00edn tr\u00e1i c\u00e2y"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ethephon l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ho\u1ea1t ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tr\u00e1i c\u00e2y ch\u00edn nhanh tuy nhi\u00ean n\u1ebfu s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ebd g\u00e2y ra nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e1c h\u1ea1i.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Hi\u1ec7n nay, tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0m ch\u00edn tr\u00e1i c\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e0y b\u00e1n tr\u00e0n lan, t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng \u1ed1ng thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ef1ng h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf b\u1eb1ng ng\u00f3n tay \u00fat, \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng b\u00ecnh \u1ed1ng to \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e0y b\u00e1n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u. Tuy nhi\u00ean nh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c xu\u1ea5t s\u1ee9 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u. Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec v\u1eady, nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng lo ng\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c thu\u1ed1c l\u00e0m ch\u00edn tr\u00e1i c\u00e2y c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 v\u1ec1 lo\u1ea1i hoa qu\u1ea3 \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e0y b\u00e1n tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/span><\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0m ch\u00edn tr\u00e1i c\u00e2y ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nay ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 Ethephon. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ho\u1ea1t ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u00edn nhanh c\u1ee7a tr\u00e1i c\u00e2y, ch\u1ed1ng r\u1ee5ng l\u00e1.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ethephon l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec1u ho\u00e0 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt thu\u1ed9c nh\u00f3m phosphonate \u2013 c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng k\u00edch th\u00edch s\u1ef1 r\u1ee5ng l\u00e1 v\u00e0 ph\u00f3ng th\u00edch etylen. Etylen l\u00e0 hormon n\u1ed9i sinh c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt, t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a etylen s\u1ebd \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00f3i t\u1edbi ho\u1ea1t ch\u1ea5t tr\u00ean, tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ea1i t\u1ecda \u0111\u00e0m\u00a0khoa h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 Ethephon do Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i DN N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p Trang tr\u1ea1i N\u00f4ng th\u00f4n Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 H\u1ed9i DN H\u00e0ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam Ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia cho r\u1eb1ng, ho\u1ea1t ch\u1ea5t Ethephon kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u0129.\u00a0Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n, l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng, ho\u1ea1t ch\u1ea5t Ethephon trong tr\u00e1i c\u00e2y s\u1ebd b\u1ed1c h\u01a1i ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n t\u1ed3n d\u01b0 nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng lo ng\u1ea1i. Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec v\u1eady khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Ethephon \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi tr\u00e1i c\u00e2y c\u1ea7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00fang n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 khuy\u1ebfn c\u00e1o c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/span><\/p>\n

S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t th\u00fac ch\u00edn tr\u00e1i c\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n nhi\u1ec1u nguy c\u01a1 cho s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe. \u1ea2nh minh h\u1ecda<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

C\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y 20 n\u0103m t\u1eebng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 ch\u1ea5t Ethephon, v\u00e0 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0a n\u00f3 v\u00e0o nh\u00f3m ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng, c\u00f3 dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng ch\u1ee9 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 thu\u1ed1c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt.\u00a0B\u1ea3n th\u00e2n ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong tr\u1ed3ng tr\u1ecdt, c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng, th\u00fac hoa qu\u1ea3 ch\u00edn nhanh, ch\u00edn \u0111\u1ec1u ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, theo TS Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Chung, Tr\u01b0\u1edfng Khoa khoa h\u1ecdc dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u00e0 \u1ea9m th\u1ef1c, Tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110H C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p Th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m TP.HCM, v\u1ec1 nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0m ch\u00edn tr\u00e1i c\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, d\u00f9ng \u0111\u00fang k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, \u0111\u00fang li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng \u00edt tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t tr\u00f4i n\u1ed5i, kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u00e2m tr\u00e1i c\u00e2y \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 g\u00e2y ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c cao cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Theo nhi\u1ec1u chuy\u00ean gia trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c an to\u00e0n th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m,\u00a0Ethephon\u00a0kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t \u201cc\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ed9c\u201d hay \u201cc\u1ef1c nguy hi\u1ec3m\u201d nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed9c t\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh. C\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt cho th\u1ea5y li\u1ec1u g\u00e2y ch\u1ebft d\u00f9ng qua \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0103n u\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 LD50 > 2.000mg\/kg. Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 v\u1edbi li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng\u00a0Ethephon\u00a02.000mg\/kg c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t 50% c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh (th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 4 gi\u1edd).\u00a0Ethephon\u00a0c\u00f3 h\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi da v\u00e0 m\u1eaft, r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 k\u00edch \u1ee9ng l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ecf m\u1eaft, x\u00f3t m\u1eaft, \u0103n m\u00f2n da, g\u00e2y s\u01b0ng, \u0111\u1ecf da.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nhi\u1ec1u chuy\u00ean gia lo l\u1eafng, \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb c\u1ea5m s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn, b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n tr\u00e1i c\u00e2y. N\u1ebfu phun ho\u1eb7c nh\u00fang ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0o hoa qu\u1ea3 n\u00e0y s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra d\u01b0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, d\u1ec5 g\u00e2y ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0103n. Nguy hi\u1ec3m h\u01a1n, ho\u1ea1t ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y c\u00f2n c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n nit\u01a1rat trong qu\u1ea3 s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra ch\u1ea5t etylenglycol dinitrat – m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t r\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c, h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho ph\u00e9p l\u00e0 d\u01b0\u1edbi 0,3mg\/m3.\u00a0Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, nhi\u1ec1u n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t tr\u00e0n lan theo ki\u1ec3u “truy\u1ec1n mi\u1ec7ng” nh\u01b0 hi\u1ec7n nay, ch\u1ec9 c\u1ed1t cho qu\u1ea3 ch\u00edn m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng an to\u00e0n.<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, th\u00f4ng tin t\u1eeb Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i trang tr\u1ea1i v\u00e0 Doanh nghi\u1ec7p n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t Nam, tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 Ethephon c\u00f2n kh\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t x\u1eed l\u00fd tr\u00e1i ch\u00edn c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c Trung Qu\u1ed1c ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u00e3ng c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i tr\u00f4i n\u1ed5i, kh\u00f4ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t. C\u00e1c thu\u1ed1c n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u l\u1ea5y t\u00ean kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0 \u201cHoa qu\u1ea3 th\u00fac ch\u00edn t\u1ed1\u201d (Trung Qu\u1ed1c), \u201cTr\u00e1i ch\u00edn\u201d (Vi\u1ec7t Nam),…<\/span><\/p>\n

Ngo\u00e0i ra, n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n v\u1eabn d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e8n \u1ee7 ch\u00edn tr\u00e1i c\u00e2y. Trong \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e8n c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a arsenic v\u00e0 phosphorus \u0111\u1ed9c, khi g\u1eb7p n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ea1o m\u00f9i h\u00f4i kh\u00f3 ch\u1ecbu, d\u1ec5 ch\u00e1y, n\u1ed5. \u0110\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e8n c\u0169ng g\u00e2y \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ec7 th\u1ea7n kinh, nh\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea7u, ch\u00f3ng m\u1eb7t…\u00a0B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n c\u00f2n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ho\u00e1 ch\u1ea5t, c\u00e1c thu\u1ed1c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng, vi khu\u1ea9n, n\u1ea5m m\u1ed1c gi\u1eef tr\u00e1i c\u00e2y l\u00e2u h\u01b0, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1eef nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e1ng, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u1ea3 n\u0103m.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0An D\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/strong>\u00a0(T\/h)<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ethephon l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ho\u1ea1t ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tr\u00e1i c\u00e2y ch\u00edn nhanh tuy nhi\u00ean n\u1ebfu s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ebd g\u00e2y ra nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e1c h\u1ea1i. Hi\u1ec7n nay, tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0m ch\u00edn tr\u00e1i c\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e0y b\u00e1n tr\u00e0n […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":59378,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[66],"tags":[],"acf":{"linh-vuc":"C\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tcvn.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/59377"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tcvn.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tcvn.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tcvn.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tcvn.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=59377"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/tcvn.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/59377\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tcvn.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/59378"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tcvn.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=59377"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tcvn.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=59377"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tcvn.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=59377"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}