{"id":71607,"date":"2022-12-07T15:01:43","date_gmt":"2022-12-07T08:01:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tcvn.gov.vn\/?p=71607"},"modified":"2022-12-07T15:01:45","modified_gmt":"2022-12-07T08:01:45","slug":"phat-minh-moi-bien-giay-vun-thanh-nguyen-lieu-san-xuat-pin-lithium-ion","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tcvn.gov.vn\/phat-minh-moi-bien-giay-vun-thanh-nguyen-lieu-san-xuat-pin-lithium-ion\/07\/12\/2022\/","title":{"rendered":"Ph\u00e1t minh m\u1edbi bi\u1ebfn gi\u1ea5y v\u1ee5n th\u00e0nh nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t pin lithium-ion"},"content":{"rendered":"

R\u00e1c th\u1ea3i gi\u1ea5y v\u1ee5n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc t\u1eeb \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Nanyang, Singapore (NTU Singapore) chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a th\u00e0nh nguy\u00ean v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng, m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a pin lithium-ion, nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u00f4ng qua quy tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 carbon h\u00f3a, chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i gi\u1ea5y th\u00e0nh carbon nguy\u00ean ch\u1ea5t, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a c\u00e1c s\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a gi\u1ea5y th\u00e0nh b\u1ecdt carbon, nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong pin s\u1ea1c cung c\u1ea5p n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i di \u0111\u1ed9ng, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb y t\u1ebf v\u00e0 xe \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng carbon, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 c\u1eaft laser m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u1edd gi\u1ea5y kraft m\u1ecfng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c d\u1ea1ng m\u1ea1ng tinh th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1c nhau bao g\u1ed3m d\u1ea1ng t\u1ed5 ong t\u1ebf b\u00e0o m\u1edf 3D v\u00e0 d\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi t\u1ea5m t\u1ebf b\u00e0o k\u00edn, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng quy tr\u00ecnh c\u00e1n t\u1ea5m. Sau \u0111\u00f3, nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u gi\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nung n\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ebfn 1200\u00b0C trong l\u00f2 nung kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 oxy, chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u th\u00e0nh carbon b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p nhi\u1ec7t ph\u00e2n (pyrolisation).<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/span><\/p>\n

Gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y gi\u1ea5y v\u1ee5n c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf.<\/span><\/h2>\n<\/div>\n

Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh carbon h\u00f3a di\u1ec5n ra trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 oxy x\u1ea3 th\u1ea3i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng carbon dioxide (CO2) kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3, khi\u1ebfn quy tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p thay th\u1ebf xanh h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed1t r\u00e1c.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng carbon do nh\u00f3m nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u0169ng ch\u1ee9ng minh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n, t\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 t\u00ednh \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u00f3a tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi. C\u00e1c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m trong ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m cho th\u1ea5y c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ea1c v\u00e0 x\u1ea3 t\u1edbi 1.200 l\u1ea7n, b\u1ec1n g\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f4i so v\u1edbi c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng trong pin \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i. Pin s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng do NTU s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u \u00e1p l\u1ef1c v\u1eadt l\u00fd h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi pin c\u00f9ng lo\u1ea1i, h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng va ch\u1ea1m t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n t\u1edbi 5 l\u1ea7n.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p do NTU ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u0169ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng quy tr\u00ecnh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 \u00edt n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 kim lo\u1ea1i n\u1eb7ng h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p hi\u1ec7n nay, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng pin.<\/span><\/p>\n

Do c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng chi\u1ebfm gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb t\u1eeb 10 \u0111\u1ebfn 15% t\u1ed5ng chi ph\u00ed c\u1ee7a pin lithium-ion, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p m\u1edbi n\u00e0y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ph\u1ebf th\u1ea3i chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p s\u1ebd l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.<\/span><\/p>\n

S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng gi\u1ea5y v\u1ee5n l\u00e0m nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u th\u00f4 \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng pin gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng ngu\u1ed3n carbon th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n carbon v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t k\u1ebft d\u00ednh t\u1ea1o ra carbon, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khai th\u00e1c sau \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i x\u1eed l\u00fd b\u1eb1ng h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 m\u00e1y m\u00f3c kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u Singapore cho bi\u1ebft, ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i gi\u1ea5y, bao g\u1ed3m t\u00fai gi\u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 x\u1eed l\u00fd, b\u00eca c\u1ee9ng, b\u00e1o v\u00e0 bao b\u00ec gi\u1ea5y kh\u00e1c chi\u1ebfm g\u1ea7n 1\/5 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o ra tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2020, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u cho nguy\u00ean v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u carbon hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 kinh t\u1ebf cao.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00fai gi\u1ea5y kraft, chi\u1ebfm ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn r\u00e1c th\u1ea3i gi\u1ea5y c\u1ee7a Singapore c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i t\u00fai l\u00e0m t\u1eeb b\u00f4ng v\u00e0 nh\u1ef1a, do \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 n\u00f3ng l\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u khi \u0111\u1ed1t v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng g\u00e2y \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng khi s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, theo m\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp c\u1ee7a NTU n\u0103m 2020.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn n\u00e0y mang \u0111\u1ebfn c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf nh\u1eefng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m th\u1ea3i lo\u1ea1i, gi\u1ea3m s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch, th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i sang n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u xanh v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea1ch, ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh cam k\u1ebft c\u1ee7a NTU trong n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, 1 trong 4 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i m\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc tham gia t\u00ecm gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft th\u00f4ng qua k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c NTU 2025.<\/span><\/p>\n

PGS Lai Changquan thu\u1ed9c Tr\u01b0\u1eddng K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt C\u01a1 kh\u00ed & H\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a NTU, l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o d\u1ef1 \u00e1n cho bi\u1ebft: \u201cGi\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y t\u1eeb g\u00f3i qu\u00e0, ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00f4 s\u1ed1 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p nh\u01b0 bao b\u00ec h\u1ea1ng n\u1eb7ng, b\u1ecdc b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 v\u00e0 l\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ea7y c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed1ng trong x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng. Nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p n\u00e0o qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u00e1c th\u1ea3i, ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ed1t, t\u1ea1o ra l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i carbon cao v\u00e0o kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i nh\u1eb1m cung c\u1ea5p cho gi\u1ea5y kraft m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng m\u1edbi, \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft nh\u01b0 xe \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i th\u00f4ng minh, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u00fap c\u1eaft gi\u1ea3m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i carbon m\u00e0 c\u00f2n gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p khai th\u00e1c v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p n\u1eb7ng\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

R\u00e1c th\u1ea3i gi\u1ea5y v\u1ee5n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc t\u1eeb \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Nanyang, Singapore (NTU Singapore) chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a th\u00e0nh nguy\u00ean v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng, m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a pin lithium-ion, nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Th\u00f4ng qua quy tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 carbon h\u00f3a, chuy\u1ec3n […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[22],"tags":[],"acf":{"linh-vuc":"C\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tcvn.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/71607"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tcvn.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tcvn.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tcvn.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/10"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tcvn.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=71607"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/tcvn.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/71607\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tcvn.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=71607"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tcvn.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=71607"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tcvn.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=71607"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}