{"id":78895,"date":"2024-04-22T15:04:03","date_gmt":"2024-04-22T08:04:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tcvn.gov.vn\/?p=78895"},"modified":"2024-04-22T15:04:05","modified_gmt":"2024-04-22T08:04:05","slug":"mot-so-giai-phap-giam-phat-thai-khi-nha-kinh-trong-nong-nghiep","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tcvn.gov.vn\/mot-so-giai-phap-giam-phat-thai-khi-nha-kinh-trong-nong-nghiep\/22\/04\/2024\/","title":{"rendered":"M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p gi\u1ea3m ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i kh\u00ed nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh trong n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u00a0Ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i kh\u00ed nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ch\u00ednh g\u00e2y bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u – m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u qu\u1ed1c gia tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ecdi m\u1eb7t kinh t\u1ebf, ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, ngo\u1ea1i gia v\u00e0 an ninh.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n

Th\u00f4ng tin t\u1eeb B\u1ed9 N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n, ng\u00e0nh n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p kho\u1ea3ng 30% t\u1ed5ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i kh\u00ed nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c. Ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i kh\u00ed nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh trong n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p t\u1eadp trung ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u1edf 3 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c ch\u00ednh: tr\u1ed3ng l\u00faa n\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i 49,7 tri\u1ec7u t\u1ea5n CO2 quy \u0111\u1ed5i (CO2e) chi\u1ebfm 50%; ch\u0103n nu\u00f4i ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i 18,5 tri\u1ec7u t\u1ea5n CO2e chi\u1ebfm 19%; qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i 13,2 tri\u1ec7u t\u1ea5n CO2e chi\u1ebfm 13%.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u cho th\u1ea5y, nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ch\u00ednh l\u00e0m t\u0103ng ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i kh\u00ed nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t l\u00faa g\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam bao g\u1ed3m: th\u00e2m canh n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00f4ng b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng; t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u01b0\u1edbc cho t\u01b0\u1edbi ti\u00eau cao; qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c t\u00e0n d\u01b0 l\u00faa nh\u01b0 r\u01a1m r\u1ea1, tr\u1ea5u; s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng k\u00e9m hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong canh t\u00e1c\u2026<\/p>\n

\"\"\n

\u1ea2nh minh h\u1ecda.<\/span><\/h2>\n<\/div>\n

Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i kh\u00ed nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh t\u1eeb ch\u0103n nu\u00f4i g\u1ed3m 2 ngu\u1ed3n ch\u00ednh: Kh\u00ed m\u00ea tan t\u1eeb d\u1ea1 c\u1ecf c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt nhai l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 kh\u00ed CH4, N2O t\u1eeb ph\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt. V\u1edbi quy m\u00f4 \u0111\u00e0n gia s\u00fac 28 tri\u1ec7u con l\u1ee3n, x\u1ea5p x\u1ec9 9 tri\u1ec7u con tr\u00e2u, b\u00f2 v\u00e0 h\u01a1n 520 tri\u1ec7u con gia c\u1ea7m, hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed7i n\u0103m ng\u00e0nh ch\u0103n nu\u00f4i th\u1ea3i ra m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kho\u1ea3ng 73 tri\u1ec7u t\u1ea5n th\u1ea3i r\u1eafn; 25 – 30 tri\u1ec7u kh\u1ed1i ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i l\u1ecfng\u2026 Tuy nhi\u00ean ch\u1ec9 kho\u1ea3ng 50% ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i r\u1eafn v\u00e0 20% ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i l\u1ecfng tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi th\u1ea3i ra m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Trong \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt nhai l\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 tr\u00e2u, b\u00f2, c\u1eebu, chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u1ebfn 80% t\u1ed5ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh trong ch\u0103n nu\u00f4i.<\/p>\n

Ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i kh\u00ed nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ch\u00ednh g\u00e2y bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u – m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u qu\u1ed1c gia tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ecdi m\u1eb7t kinh t\u1ebf, ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, ngo\u1ea1i gia v\u00e0 an ninh.<\/p>\n

T\u1ea1i H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb C\u00f4ng \u01b0\u1edbc khung Li\u00ean h\u1ee3p qu\u1ed1c v\u1ec1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 26 (COP26), Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 g\u1ea7n 150 qu\u1ed1c gia cam k\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0a m\u1ee9c ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i r\u00f2ng v\u1ec1 \u201c0\u201d v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2050; c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi h\u01a1n 100 qu\u1ed1c gia cam k\u1ebft gi\u1ea3m ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i kh\u00ed metan to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2030 so v\u1edbi n\u0103m 2010; c\u00f9ng 141 qu\u1ed1c gia tham gia Tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 Glasgow c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o v\u1ec1 r\u1eebng v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

Ng\u00e0y 28\/4\/2023, B\u1ed9 N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n \u0111\u00e3 ban h\u00e0nh Quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ed1 1693\/Q\u0110-BNN-KHCN ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t K\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch gi\u1ea3m nh\u1eb9 ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i kh\u00ed nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh (bao g\u1ed3m k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch gi\u1ea3m ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i kh\u00ed metan) \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2030, \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2050. \u0110\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2030, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u1ed5ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u1ea3m ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i kh\u00ed nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh l\u00e0 121,9 tri\u1ec7u t\u1ea5n CO2t\u0111 (kh\u00f4ng bao g\u1ed1m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u1ea3m ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i kh\u00ed nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh t\u1eeb s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t).<\/p>\n

C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c tr\u1ed3ng tr\u1ecdt: m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 t\u01b0\u1edbi kh\u00f4 \u01b0\u1edbt xen k\u1ebd (AWD) v\u00e0 canh t\u00e1c l\u00faa c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn (SRI), 3 gi\u1ea3m 3 t\u0103ng (3G3T), 1 ph\u1ea3i 5 gi\u1ea3m (1P5G) v\u00e0 r\u00fat n\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u1eefa v\u1ee5 trong canh t\u00e1c l\u00faa n\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p t\u1eebng v\u00f9ng sinh th\u00e1i n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p; th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u1ed3ng l\u00faa k\u00e9m hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 sang l\u00faa th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n (l\u00faa – c\u00e1, l\u00faa – t\u00f4m) v\u00e0 sang c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng c\u1ea1n n\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 kinh t\u1ebf, ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng\u2026<\/p>\n

Trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c ch\u0103n nu\u00f4i s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea9u ph\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 \u0103n cho ch\u0103n nu\u00f4i b\u00f2 s\u1eefa, b\u00f2 th\u1ecbt; c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u1ea9u ph\u1ea7n \u0103n cho tr\u00e2u v\u00e0 d\u00ea; t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i ch\u0103n nu\u00f4i l\u00e0m ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n h\u1eefu c\u01a1\u2026 C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi \u0111\u00f3, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch r\u1eebng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 \u1edf v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed3i n\u00fai; ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i (tr\u1ed3ng m\u1edbi) r\u1eebng \u0111\u1eb7c d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 r\u1eebng ph\u00f2ng h\u1ed9. N\u00e2ng cao n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 tr\u1eef \u01b0\u1ee3ng carbon c\u1ee7a r\u1eebng tr\u1ed3ng g\u1ed7 l\u1edbn. Nh\u00e2n r\u1ed9ng c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh n\u00f4ng l\u00e2m k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao tr\u1eef l\u01b0\u1ee3ng carbon v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n \u0111\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi \u0111\u00f3, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u201cChi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng, giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 2021 – 2030, t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn \u0111\u1ebfn 2050\u201d, v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u201cX\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u1ec1n nong nghi\u1ec7p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc an ninh l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c qu\u1ed1c gia, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng trong \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh kinh t\u1ebf – x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u00e1c cam k\u1ebft qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf v\u1ec1 gi\u1ea3m ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i kh\u00ed nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh \u2026\u201d.<\/p>\n

V\u1ee5 Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n<\/strong><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00a0Ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i kh\u00ed nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ch\u00ednh g\u00e2y bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u – m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u qu\u1ed1c gia tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ecdi m\u1eb7t kinh t\u1ebf, ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, ngo\u1ea1i gia v\u00e0 an ninh. Th\u00f4ng tin t\u1eeb B\u1ed9 N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[59,30],"tags":[],"acf":{"linh-vuc":"Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tcvn.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/78895"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tcvn.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tcvn.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tcvn.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tcvn.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=78895"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/tcvn.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/78895\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":78897,"href":"https:\/\/tcvn.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/78895\/revisions\/78897"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tcvn.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=78895"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tcvn.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=78895"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tcvn.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=78895"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}