{"id"116,"date":"2024-01-26T12:27:45","date_gmt":"2024-01-26T05:27:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tcvn.gov.vn\/?p=80116"},"modified":"2024-06-26T12:28:17","modified_gmt":"2024-06-26T05:28:17","slug":"tieu-chuan-thuc-day-viec-dap-ung-gioi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tcvn.gov.vn\/tieu-chuan-thuc-day-viec-dap-ung-gioi\/26\/01\/2024\/","title":{"rendered":"Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng gi\u1edbi"},"content":{"rendered":"

C\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho m\u1ecdi gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 an to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng. C\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng gi\u1edbi xem x\u00e9t gi\u1edbi t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n. Vai tr\u00f2 gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 c\u00e1c kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o c\u00e1ch \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ch\u00fang.<\/em><\/p>\n

C\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng gi\u1edbi l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng gi\u1edbi l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn nhu c\u1ea7u ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 gi\u1edbi t\u00ednh kh\u00e1c nhau v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng gi\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t cho c\u00e1c gi\u1edbi kh\u00e1c nhau m\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n l\u00e0 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 mang l\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi. B\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng v\u1ec1 gi\u1edbi trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n c\u00e1c \u01b0u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 gi\u1edbi t\u00ednh, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 gi\u1edbi t\u00ednh.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng gi\u1edbi bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 gi\u1edbi t\u00ednh v\u00e0 gi\u1edbi. Trong khi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng sai c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef n\u00e0y thay th\u1ebf cho nhau, hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef – \u201cgi\u1edbi t\u00ednh\u201d l\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t sinh h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi nam v\u00e0 n\u1eef ho\u1eb7c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u1ea3 hai v\u00e0 \u201cgi\u1edbi\u201d l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u00f3a x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1eefng k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef v\u00e0 nam gi\u1edbi \u2013 v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u00e0 c\u1ea3 hai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n l\u00e0 c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 quan tr\u1ecdng. \u0110\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng minh \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng n\u00e0y l\u00ean m\u1ed9t ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xem x\u00e9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 b\u1ebfp n\u1ea5u.<\/p>\n

B\u1ebfp n\u1ea5u b\u1eb1ng nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u r\u1eafn (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: than, ph\u00e2n, v.v.) v\u00e0 d\u1ea7u h\u1ecfa l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ch\u00ednh g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m trong nh\u00e0. \u00d4 nhi\u1ec5m trong nh\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y ra 3,8 tri\u1ec7u ca t\u1eed vong s\u1edbm h\u00e0ng n\u0103m.<\/p>\n

Tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a, ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef v\u00e0 tr\u1ebb em b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1 b\u1edfi t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m trong gia \u0111\u00ecnh. Do c\u00e1c chu\u1ea9n m\u1ef1c v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u1ec1 gi\u1edbi, ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian h\u01a1n cho vi\u1ec7c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb th\u1ee9c \u0103n, l\u00e0m t\u0103ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m c\u00f3 h\u1ea1i. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng do s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t sinh h\u1ecdc, \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m g\u00e2y ra m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe cho ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef l\u1edbn h\u01a1n nam gi\u1edbi. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p b\u1ebfp n\u1ea5u, s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 gi\u1edbi t\u00ednh v\u00e0 gi\u1edbi khi\u1ebfn ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef g\u1eb7p nhi\u1ec1u r\u1ee7i ro h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

N\u0103m 2018, T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf (ISO) \u0111\u00e3 ban h\u00e0nh h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn m\u1edbi v\u1ec1 b\u1ebfp n\u1ea5u. C\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed trong nh\u00e0 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1ec1 gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c n\u1ea5u \u0103n kh\u00f4ng an to\u00e0n. C\u00e1c s\u00e1ng ki\u1ebfn chung, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c gi\u1eefa ISO, Li\u00ean minh N\u1ea5u \u0103n S\u1ea1ch (CCA) (tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 Li\u00ean minh B\u1ebfp s\u1ea1ch To\u00e0n c\u1ea7u) v\u00e0 T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c Y t\u1ebf Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi (WHO), l\u00e0 ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1edfi Ban k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ISO\/TC 285 “B\u1ebfp s\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p n\u1ea5u \u0103n s\u1ea1ch” v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ed9i th\u1ea3o chung cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m b\u1ebfp n\u1ea5u v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh kh\u00f4ng an to\u00e0n.<\/p>\n

C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cho r\u1eb1ng, tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p b\u1ebfp n\u1ea5u kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 duy nh\u1ea5t, trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n, c\u1ea7n xem x\u00e9t \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a gi\u1edbi t\u00ednh.<\/p>\n\n\n

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T\u1ea1i sao gi\u1edbi t\u00ednh l\u1ea1i quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebfu s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng v\u1ec1 gi\u1edbi trong ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y ra m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3. C\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cc\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng v\u00f4 h\u00ecnh\u201d; ch\u00fang ch\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ecdi kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta, th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0, khi c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng v\u1ec1 gi\u1edbi th\u00ec t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 lan r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Khi h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e3 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf ho\u1eb7c b\u1ecb hi\u1ec3u sai l\u00e0 \u201cs\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t ti\u1ec7n nh\u1eb9\u201d. L\u1ea5y v\u00ed d\u1ee5 c\u00f3 v\u1ebb l\u00e0nh t\u00ednh v\u1ec1 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3 v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng, trong khi c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh trao \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a nam gi\u1edbi th\u01b0\u1eddng khi\u1ebfn ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y l\u1ea1nh trong v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng, th\u00ec t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f2n v\u01b0\u1ee3t xa s\u1ef1 tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n. C\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng minh r\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef. V\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y, vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn doanh nghi\u1ec7p k\u00e9m c\u1ea1nh tranh, n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebfu s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng v\u1ec1 gi\u1edbi trong ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng. Ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 thi\u1ec7t m\u1ea1ng trong m\u1ed9t v\u1ee5 tai n\u1ea1n \u00f4 t\u00f4 cao h\u01a1n 73% so v\u1edbi nam gi\u1edbi v\u00ec h\u00ecnh n\u1ed9m th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m va ch\u1ea1m d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nh\u00e2n tr\u1eafc h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a nam gi\u1edbi. M\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u01b0u c\u1ee7a C\u01a1 quan Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n Canada (SCC) cho th\u1ea5y tr\u00ean 99 qu\u1ed1c gia, c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 t\u1eed vong do v\u00f4 \u00fd \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nam gi\u1edbi, nh\u01b0ng n\u1eef gi\u1edbi l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i \u00edch t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a..<\/p>\n

M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00e0 c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n kh\u00f4ng xem x\u00e9t \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c minh h\u1ecda m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n th\u00f4ng qua c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n B\u1ec1n v\u1eefng (SDG) c\u1ee7a Li\u00ean h\u1ee3p qu\u1ed1c. Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a SCC cho th\u1ea5y ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 2% ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n qu\u1ed1c gia c\u1ee7a Canada \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p cho M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng 5 v\u1ec1 “B\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng gi\u1edbi”.<\/p>\n

Kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebfu s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng v\u1ec1 gi\u1edbi trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a. Do kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 v\u00e0 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p c\u1ee7a ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef \u2013 gia \u0111\u00ecnh, doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 qu\u1ed1c gia b\u1ecb gi\u1ea3m s\u00fat.<\/p>\n

Ai c\u1ea7n h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng gi\u1edbi trong ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng b\u1edfi c\u00e1c ban k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ho\u1eb7c nh\u00f3m chuy\u00ean gia \u2013 c\u00e1c b\u00ean quan t\u00e2m c\u00f3 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 kinh nghi\u1ec7m li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ho\u1eb7c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c ban k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu s\u1ef1 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, qu\u1ed1c gia ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan kh\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh kh\u00e1c nhau th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n (SDO).<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0\/ho\u1eb7c c\u01a1 quan x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc tham gia v\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh m\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7. C\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd, c\u01a1 quan x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1edbi t\u00ednh.<\/p>\n

L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi gi\u1edbi?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1edbi trong ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p t\u1eeb t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c b\u00ean. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng gi\u1edbi l\u00e0 \u201cv\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1eef gi\u1edbi\u201d, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. Khi b\u1ea5t b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng gi\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 trao quy\u1ec1n cho ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef th\u00ec gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p l\u00e0 \u201ct\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o n\u1eef gi\u1edbi\u201d. Tuy nhi\u00ean, b\u1ea5t b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng gi\u1edbi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 mang t\u00ednh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u. c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia v\u1ec1 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u1ea7n ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ebfn hai v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 sau nh\u1eb1m c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n t\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n:<\/p>\n

1) L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef trong ban k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n.<\/p>\n

2) L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1edbi, \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp v\u1edbi th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a ban k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt.<\/p>\n

Tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 ECE v\u1ec1 Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng gi\u1edbi khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u00ean x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1ec1 gi\u1edbi. Vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1ec1 gi\u1edbi k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi hai v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00eau tr\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap n\u00e2ng cao t\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng gi\u1edbi trong ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n. Trong th\u1eddi gian t\u1edbi, c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 c\u01a1 quan ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n qu\u1ed1c gia, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u1ea7n ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch tri\u1ec3n khai vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng c\u1ee7a UN, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau s\u1ed1 5 v\u1ec1 “B\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng gi\u1edbi”.<\/p>\n

Theo ISO<\/strong><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

C\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho m\u1ecdi gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 an to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng. C\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng gi\u1edbi xem x\u00e9t gi\u1edbi t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n. Vai tr\u00f2 gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 c\u00e1c kh\u00eda […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[21,22],"tags":[],"acf":{"linh-vuc":"\u0110o l\u01b0\u1eddng"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tcvn.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/80116"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tcvn.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tcvn.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tcvn.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tcvn.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=80116"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/tcvn.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/80116\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id"119,"href":"https:\/\/tcvn.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/80116\/revisions\/80119"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tcvn.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=80116"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tcvn.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=80116"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tcvn.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=80116"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}