{"id":90252,"date":"2026-04-10T21:15:20","date_gmt":"2026-04-10T14:15:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tcvn.gov.vn\/?p=90252"},"modified":"2026-04-10T21:15:22","modified_gmt":"2026-04-10T14:15:22","slug":"tieu-chuan-hoa-quyen-thiet-lap-tieu-chuan-trong-cong-nghe-chien-luoc-kinh-nghiem-quoc-te-va-mot-so-de-xuat-cho-viet-nam-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tcvn.gov.vn\/tieu-chuan-hoa-quyen-thiet-lap-tieu-chuan-trong-cong-nghe-chien-luoc-kinh-nghiem-quoc-te-va-mot-so-de-xuat-cho-viet-nam-2\/10\/04\/2026\/","title":{"rendered":"Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ho\u00e1, quy\u1ec1n thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c: Kinh nghi\u1ec7m qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t cho Vi\u1ec7t Nam"},"content":{"rendered":"

Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh c\u1ea1nh tranh c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng gia t\u0103ng, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c nh\u01b0 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o (AI), b\u00e1n d\u1eabn, m\u1ea1ng th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 m\u1edbi (5G\/6G) v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea1ch, ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a \u0111ang chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 sang c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng, chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7.<\/p>\n

1. Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u<\/strong><\/p>\n

Theo Blind [1], ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 nh\u01b0 \u201ch\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng m\u1ec1m\u201d c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf, gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed giao d\u1ecbch v\u00e0 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi. Trong c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 cao, ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u00f2n l\u00e0 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 l\u1ee3i \u00edch trong chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf c\u1ea1nh tranh d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n th\u00f4ng qua hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i [3], [4].<\/p>\n

Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh \u0111\u00f3, kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m \u201cquy\u1ec1n thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n\u201d (standard-setting power) ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u1ea1nh tranh c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7. Quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a qu\u1ed1c gia, doanh nghi\u1ec7p ho\u1eb7c li\u00ean minh th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf trong vi\u1ec7c tham gia, \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh n\u1ed9i dung ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n, qua \u0111\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 [2], [8]. Quy\u1ec1n thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u th\u00e0nh t\u1eeb b\u1ed1n tr\u1ee5 c\u1ed9t ch\u00ednh: n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c khoa h\u1ecdc – c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 tham gia th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng huy \u0111\u1ed9ng ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 quy m\u00f4 th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n

T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n mang l\u1ea1i hai nh\u00f3m l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00ednh: l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng (gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7, m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn v\u00e0 trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt trong th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i) v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 (cho ph\u00e9p \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u201ckh\u00f3a ch\u1eb7t\u201d th\u00f4ng qua h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch). Trong c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f3 t\u00ednh m\u00f4-\u0111un h\u00f3a v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng m\u1ea1ng m\u1ea1nh, ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u201ckh\u00f3a ch\u1eb7t\u201d, gi\u00fap c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn d\u1eaft duy tr\u00ec l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n [3], [5]. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch v\u00ec sao ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u00e0o chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia.<\/p>\n

M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111ang chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tham gia v\u00e0 gia t\u0103ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m r\u00f5 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7. B\u00e0i b\u00e1o \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p \u1edf hai \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh: (i) l\u00e0m r\u00f5 vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ea1ng quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf trong c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c; v\u00e0 (ii) \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn \u201ctham gia ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc\u201d nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p gi\u00fap n\u00e2ng cao v\u1ecb th\u1ebf Vi\u1ec7t Nam trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/div>\n

\u1ea2nh minh ho\u1ea1.<\/em><\/p>\n

2. Kinh nghi\u1ec7m qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf<\/strong><\/p>\n

Kinh nghi\u1ec7m qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf cho th\u1ea5y ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec3n khai theo ba m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ch\u00ednh, ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh c\u00e1c c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn kh\u00e1c nhau trong vi\u1ec7c c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng gi\u1eefa th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng, th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n

2.1. Hoa K\u1ef3: M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn d\u1eaft<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Hoa K\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a phi t\u1eadp trung, trong \u0111\u00f3 khu v\u1ef1c t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea1o. C\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 l\u1edbn tham gia s\u00e2u v\u00e0o qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n t\u1ef1 nguy\u1ec7n v\u00e0 li\u00ean minh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt c\u1ee7a m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh n\u00e0y l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 g\u1eafn k\u1ebft ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd gi\u1eefa ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a, R&D v\u00e0 s\u1edf h\u1eefu tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7. Vi\u1ec7c n\u1eafm gi\u1eef c\u00e1c b\u1eb1ng s\u00e1ng ch\u1ebf thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu (SEPs) cho ph\u00e9p doanh nghi\u1ec7p khai th\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ee3i kinh t\u1ebf d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean, m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh n\u00e0y ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0o n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u1ed9i sinh v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i doanh nghi\u1ec7p ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n; trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh thi\u1ebfu c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0y, vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 l\u1ec7 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o c\u00e1c chu\u1ea9n m\u1ef1c b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, s\u1ef1 chi ph\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n l\u1edbn c\u0169ng ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n nguy c\u01a1 thi\u00ean l\u1ec7ch l\u1ee3i \u00edch v\u00e0 gia t\u0103ng r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n gia nh\u1eadp th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n

2.2. Li\u00ean minh ch\u00e2u \u00c2u: M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf – gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Li\u00ean minh ch\u00e2u \u00c2u ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn \u201cquy chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a th\u00f4ng qua ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n\u201d, trong \u0111\u00f3 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 th\u1ef1c thi c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch c\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, an to\u00e0n s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. C\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn n\u00e0y gi\u00fap EU t\u1ea1o ra \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u (\u201cBrussels effect\u201d) th\u00f4ng qua quy m\u00f4 th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf [12]. So v\u1edbi Hoa K\u1ef3, m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh EU \u01b0u ti\u00ean t\u00ednh ch\u00ednh danh th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i h\u01a1n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng thu\u1ea7n t\u00fay.<\/p>\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean, s\u1ef1 g\u1eafn k\u1ebft ch\u1eb7t v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e1p l\u00fd c\u0169ng l\u00e0m t\u0103ng chi ph\u00ed tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m ch\u1eadm \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n

2.3. Trung Qu\u1ed1c: M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc d\u1eabn d\u1eaft<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

Trung Qu\u1ed1c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0o chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 qu\u1ed1c gia. Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 trung t\u00e2m trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ed1i v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u201cxu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n\u201d. Xu h\u01b0\u1edbng n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n r\u00f5 trong c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n qu\u1ed1c gia g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y [9]. M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p huy \u0111\u1ed9ng ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 nhanh trong c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c nh\u01b0 5G, AI v\u00e0 IoT.<\/p>\n

So v\u1edbi EU v\u00e0 Hoa K\u1ef3, m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh Trung Qu\u1ed1c nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ed1i t\u1eadp trung nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ea1t m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c trong th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn.<\/p>\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean, hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn c\u1ee7a c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, do ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi t\u00ednh minh b\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn cao.<\/p>\n

2.4. Nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

Ba m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh c\u00e1c c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn kh\u00e1c nhau v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed5i gi\u1eefa hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi, t\u00ednh ch\u00ednh danh th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y, kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh t\u1ed1i \u01b0u ph\u1ed5 qu\u00e1t; thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng qu\u1ed1c gia.<\/p>\n

3. T\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/strong><\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7t Nam hi\u1ec7n ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn theo \u201ch\u00e0i h\u00f2a ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n\u201d, trong \u0111\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf tham kh\u1ea3o ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf (ISO, IEC, ITU). C\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n gi\u1ea3m r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp kinh t\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf [7].<\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc tham gia v\u00e0o c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p \u00fd ki\u1ebfn v\u00e0o c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 th\u1ea3o ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf v\u00e0 tham gia c\u00e1c ban k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt. Tuy nhi\u00ean, m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 tham gia n\u00e0y v\u1eabn ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u1edf vai tr\u00f2 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p mang t\u00ednh d\u1eabn d\u1eaft ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n m\u1edbi \u1edf quy m\u00f4 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf. Theo ITU [10], \u0111\u00e2y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, khi vi\u1ec7c tham gia ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu d\u1eebng \u1edf m\u1ee9c ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed1i li\u00ean k\u1ebft gi\u1eefa ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam ch\u01b0a th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn doanh nghi\u1ec7p trong n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7, thay v\u00ec c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eafn v\u1edbi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng R&D v\u00e0 s\u1edf h\u1eefu tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7.<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00fd gi\u1ea3i t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 mang t\u00ednh c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac, bao g\u1ed3m: ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb r\u00f5 trong ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7; s\u1ef1 tham gia c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f2n h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf do ch\u01b0a nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y l\u1ee3i \u00edch kinh t\u1ebf tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp t\u1eeb tham gia ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, trong khi chi ph\u00ed tham d\u1ef1 c\u00e1c ban k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, duy tr\u00ec chuy\u00ean gia v\u00e0 theo \u0111u\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n th\u01b0\u1eddng cao v\u00e0 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i; v\u00e0 thi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 chuy\u00ean gia c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i gi\u1eefa k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, ph\u00e1p l\u00fd v\u00e0 th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n

\u1ede g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3, Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111ang \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp t\u1eeb v\u1ecb th\u1ebf \u201cti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n\u201d sang t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e2ng cao vai tr\u00f2 tham gia. Tuy nhi\u00ean, ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 c\u1ea1nh tranh chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khai th\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7.<\/p>\n

4. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t cho Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/strong><\/p>\n

Tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf kinh nghi\u1ec7m qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf v\u00e0 b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y nh\u1eb1m g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n n\u00e2ng cao vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a trong c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n

Th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, c\u1ea7n chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb \u201ch\u00e0i h\u00f2a th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng\u201d sang \u201ctham gia ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc\u201d: Vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a theo h\u01b0\u1edbng th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ebd kh\u00f3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u n\u00e2ng cao n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ea1nh tranh trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i nhanh. Thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u1ea7n t\u1eadp trung ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf v\u00e0 c\u00f3 doanh nghi\u1ec7p d\u1eabn d\u1eaft, qua \u0111\u00f3 t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e2ng cao kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng tham gia \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n.<\/p>\n

Th\u1ee9 hai, t\u00edch h\u1ee3p ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a v\u00e0o ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft, trong c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 KH&CN c\u1ea5p qu\u1ed1c gia, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ed5 sung ti\u00eau ch\u00ed \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p v\u00e0o x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: tham gia ban k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n m\u1edbi ho\u1eb7c chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u00e0nh d\u1ef1 th\u1ea3o ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n).<\/p>\n

Theo \u0111\u00f3, ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea7u ra c\u1ee7a ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng R&D, th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c b\u1ed5 sung c\u00e1c ti\u00eau ch\u00ed \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p v\u00e0o x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n trong c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 [8], [11]. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, trong c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 R&D, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xem x\u00e9t \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u01b0u ti\u00ean ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch ho\u1eb7c k\u00e9o d\u00e0i th\u1eddi gian t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u00f3 l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh tham gia ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c nh\u01b0 ISO, IEC v\u00e0 ITU.<\/p>\n

Th\u1ee9 ba, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u201cli\u00ean minh ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u2013 doanh nghi\u1ec7p \u2013 vi\u1ec7n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u\u201d: v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh theo t\u1eebng l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u1edbi doanh nghi\u1ec7p d\u1eabn d\u1eaft nhu c\u1ea7u th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng – vi\u1ec7n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u cung c\u1ea5p n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt – nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m l\u1ee3i \u00edch th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c s\u00e1ng ch\u1ebf n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba tham gia ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n. C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf n\u00e0y gi\u00fap t\u0103ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u00e0nh ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c tham gia d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n

Th\u1ee9 t\u01b0, n\u00e2ng cao n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c tham gia t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf: l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ban k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u01b0u ti\u00ean, g\u1eafn v\u1edbi c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng ho\u1eb7c l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i s\u1ed1, n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o, n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p th\u00f4ng minh), t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 tham gia t\u1eeb \u201cth\u00e0nh vi\u00ean O\u201d l\u00ean \u201cth\u00e0nh vi\u00ean P\u201d, ti\u1ebfn t\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec7m vai tr\u00f2 ch\u1ee7 tr\u00ec k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt (chair\/co-chair ho\u1eb7c convenor nh\u00f3m c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c) trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 h\u1eb9p nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 t\u00ednh chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb \u201cti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n\u201d sang ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p n\u1ed9i dung k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u trong n\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1eb7c nhu c\u1ea7u th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. G\u1eafn c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i\/d\u1ef1 \u00e1n R&D tr\u1ecdng \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea7u ra ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, thay v\u00ec ch\u1ec9 d\u1eebng \u1edf c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 khoa h\u1ecdc. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ea7n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 chuy\u00ean gia ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u00f2ng c\u1ed1t, c\u00f3 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n

5. K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a trong c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t ra ngo\u00e0i ph\u1ea1m vi k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt thu\u1ea7n t\u00fay, tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. Vi\u1ec7c tham gia v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u00fap thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp \u201clu\u1eadt ch\u01a1i\u201d m\u00e0 c\u00f2n t\u1ea1o l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf c\u1ea1nh tranh d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n cho qu\u1ed1c gia v\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Vi\u1ec7t Nam, chuy\u1ec3n d\u1ecbch t\u1eeb v\u1ecb th\u1ebf \u201cth\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng\u201d sang \u201cch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng tham gia ki\u1ebfn t\u1ea1o ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n\u201d l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u mang t\u00ednh chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c \u01b0u ti\u00ean, t\u00edch h\u1ee3p ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 c\u00f3 tr\u1ecdng \u0111i\u1ec3m cho ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c chuy\u00ean gia.<\/p>\n

Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u \u0111ang t\u00e1i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac, ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh v\u1ecb th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam trong c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ea1nh tranh c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u \u0111ang chuy\u1ec3n d\u1ecbch m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd. Trong d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n, n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c tham gia thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n s\u1ebd l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 d\u1ea5u quan tr\u1ecdng ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o qu\u1ed1c gia.<\/p>\n

T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o:<\/strong><\/p>\n

[1] Blind, K. (2013). The impact of standardization and standards on innovation. Nesta Working Paper No. 13\/15, Nesta.<\/p>\n

[2] Mattli, W., & B\u00fcthe, T. (2003). Setting international standards: Technological rationality or primacy of power? World Politics, 56(1), 1 – 42.<\/p>\n

[3] Gandal, N. (2002). Compatibility, standardization, and network effects: Some policy implications. Oxford Review of Economic Policy, 18(1), 80\u201391.<\/p>\n

[4] Farrell, J., & Saloner, G. (1988). Coordination through committees and markets. The RAND Journal of Economics, 19(2), 235\u2013252.
\n[5] Tassey, G. (2000). Standardization in technology-based markets. Research Policy, 29(4\u20135), 587\u2013602.<\/p>\n

[6] Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (2021). Standards and innovation policy. Paris: OECD Publishing.<\/p>\n

[7] World Trade Organization (2020). Standards and Trade Development Facility Report. Geneva: WTO.<\/p>\n

[8] Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (2023). Technology governance and standards. Paris: OECD Publishing.<\/p>\n

[9] State Council of the People’s Republic of China (2021). National Standardization Development Outline.<\/p>\n

[10] International Telecommunication Union (2023). Measuring digital development: Facts and figures 2023.<\/p>\n

[11] World Economic Forum (2022). Shaping the future of technology governance.<\/p>\n

[12] Bradford, A. (2020). The Brussels Effect: How the European Union Rules the World. New York: Oxford University Press.<\/p>\n

TS. Tri\u1ec7u Vi\u1ec7t Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng – ThS. \u0110o\u00e0n Th\u1ecb Thanh V\u00e2n<\/strong><\/p>\n

(Vi\u1ec7n Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n Ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam)<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh c\u1ea1nh tranh c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng gia t\u0103ng, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c nh\u01b0 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o (AI), b\u00e1n d\u1eabn, m\u1ea1ng th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 m\u1edbi (5G\/6G) v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea1ch, ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a \u0111ang chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 sang c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[16,22],"tags":[],"acf":{"linh-vuc":"\u0110o l\u01b0\u1eddng"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tcvn.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/90252"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tcvn.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tcvn.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tcvn.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tcvn.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=90252"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/tcvn.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/90252\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":90253,"href":"https:\/\/tcvn.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/90252\/revisions\/90253"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tcvn.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=90252"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tcvn.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=90252"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tcvn.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=90252"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}