{"id":10350,"date":"2022-12-09T16:03:04","date_gmt":"2022-12-09T09:03:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/?p=10350"},"modified":"2022-12-09T16:03:04","modified_gmt":"2022-12-09T09:03:04","slug":"nghien-cuu-phan-ung-bat-proton-p%ce%b3-o-nang-luong-thap","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/nghien-cuu-phan-ung-bat-proton-p%ce%b3-o-nang-luong-thap\/","title":{"rendered":"Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng b\u1eaft proton (p,\u03b3) \u1edf n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ea5p"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Sau v\u1ee5 n\u1ed5 Big Bang, \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a hi\u0111ro chi\u1ebfm kho\u1ea3ng 74% kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t to\u00e0n v\u0169 tr\u1ee5. Do \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n x\u1ea3y ra c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 tham gia c\u1ee7a hi\u0111ro lu\u00f4n chi\u1ebfm v\u1ecb tr\u00ed quan tr\u1ecdng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a v\u1ee5 tr\u1ee5. Trong \u0111\u00f3, ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng b\u1eaft b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n (<em>p,<\/em><em>\u03b3<\/em>) \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh v\u1eadt l\u00fd thi\u00ean v\u0103n kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n x\u1ea3y ra trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c sao, c\u00e1c v\u1ee5 n\u1ed5 sao m\u1edbi c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n v\u00e0 v\u1ee5 n\u1ed5 tia X lo\u1ea1i I [1] vv\u2026.V\u00ed d\u1ee5 g\u1ea7n g\u0169i nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 l\u1ebd l\u00e0 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi \u1edf th\u00e1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta, trong l\u00f5i m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi v\u1eabn \u0111ang \u00e2m \u1ec9 x\u1ea3y ra qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed1t ch\u00e1y (nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u l\u00e0 <sup>1<\/sup>H) t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p b\u1ed1n <sup>1<\/sup>H th\u00e0nh <sup>4<\/sup>He theo chu tr\u00ecnh p-p (H\u00ecnh 1) trong h\u00e0ng t\u1ef7 n\u0103m qua. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed1t ch\u00e1y n\u00e0y l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cung c\u1ea5p cho m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng v\u00e0 l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y \u1edf H\u00ecnh 1, hai ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng <sup>2<\/sup>H(<em>p,<\/em><em>\u03b3<\/em>)<sup>3<\/sup>He, <sup>7<\/sup>Be(<em>p,<\/em><em>\u03b3<\/em>)<sup>8<\/sup>B l\u00e0 hai m\u1eaft x\u00edch quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a chu\u1ed7i p-p. Ho\u1eb7c \u1edf nh\u1eefng ng\u00f4i sao c\u00f3 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi (kho\u1ea3ng 1.5 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi ), qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed1t ch\u00e1y <sup>1<\/sup>H t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p th\u00e0nh <sup>4<\/sup>He x\u1ea3y ra ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu qua chu tr\u00ecnh CNO (H\u00ecnh 2). Trong chu tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y, nhi\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng (<em>p,<\/em><em>\u03b3<\/em>) l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng m\u1eafc x\u00edch li\u00ean k\u1ebft trong chu tr\u00ecnh CNO.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0110\u1ec3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng thi\u00ean v\u0103n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u1edf tr\u00ean, \u0111\u1ea1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ti\u1ebft di\u1ec7n ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng (<em>p,<\/em><em>\u03b3<\/em>) l\u00e0 th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o quan tr\u1ecdng. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4i sao sinh ra trong 1s, ta c\u1ea7n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng x\u1ea3y ra trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng sao th\u00f4ng qua \u0111\u1ea1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ti\u1ebft di\u1ec7n ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ti\u1ebft di\u1ec7n ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh \u0111o c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng n\u00e0y \u1edf \u0111\u00fang \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00e1c ng\u00f4i sao. Tuy nhi\u00ean, vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m \u1edf \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0y l\u00e0 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi v\u1eadt l\u00fd h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n v\u1edbi ng\u00f4i sao c\u00f3 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1eb1ng kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u1edf l\u00f5i sao kho\u1ea3ng 0.015GK (1 GK t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng 1 t\u1ef7 \u0111\u1ed9), ta c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u0103ng trung b\u00ecnh c\u00e1c c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng 1.3 keV. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, r\u00e0o th\u1ebf Coulomb t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng <sup>12<\/sup>C(p,\u03b3)<sup>13<\/sup>N kho\u1ea3ng g\u1ea7n 2 MeV. V\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u0103ng \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t proton v\u00e0 Carbon kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua r\u00e0o th\u1ebf Coulomb \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n theo c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i qua hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u1ea7m v\u1edbi x\u00e1c su\u1ea5t r\u1ea5t b\u00e9. V\u00ec v\u1eady r\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh t\u00ednh to\u00e1n l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft gi\u00fap ti\u00ean \u0111o\u00e1n v\u1ec1 v\u00f9ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00e1c sao.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-10351\" src=\"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/09.12.22.1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"750\" height=\"391\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ta c\u00f3 ti\u1ebft di\u1ec7n ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng (p,\u03b3) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 v\u1edbi y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 ma tr\u1eadn [2,3]:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-10354\" src=\"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/09.12.22.4.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"609\" height=\"48\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Trong \u0111\u00f3, <em>\u03c8<sub>i<\/sub> <\/em>v\u00e0<em> \u03c8<sub>f<\/sub><\/em> \u00a0l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t l\u00e0 h\u00e0m s\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 proton-h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i ban \u0111\u1ea7u (tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i t\u00e1n x\u1ea1) v\u00e0\u00a0 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i cu\u1ed1i (tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i li\u00ean k\u1ebft), <em>\u03bb<\/em> l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111a c\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb, <em>M<sub>\u03bb <\/sub><\/em>l\u00e0 to\u00e1n t\u1eed d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb. Vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c ti\u1ebft di\u1ec7n ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng (p,\u03b3) ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00e0m s\u00f3ng t\u00e1n x\u1ea1 <em>\u03c8<sub>i<\/sub><\/em> v\u00e0 h\u00e0m s\u00f3ng li\u00ean k\u1ebft <em>\u03c8<sub>f<\/sub><\/em>. Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u h\u00e0m s\u00f3ng <em>\u03c8<\/em> v\u00e0 c\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng li\u00ean quan h\u00e0m s\u00f3ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1edfi nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u1ea1i trung t\u00e2m V\u00e2t l\u00fd H\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n &#8211; Vi\u1ec7n Khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m. Tuy nhi\u00ean, v\u00f9ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng quan t\u00e2m kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t c\u1ee7a nh\u00f3m th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n 10 MeV. Khi v\u1ec1 v\u00f9ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ea5p d\u01b0\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng Coulomb, h\u1ec7 t\u00e1n x\u1ea1 proton-h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb chi ph\u1ed1i b\u1edfi c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u1ed9ng h\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 ch\u00fang r\u1ea5t nh\u1ea1y v\u1edbi th\u1ebf t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh th\u1ebf chu\u1ea9n x\u00e1c m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u1ed9ng h\u01b0\u1edfng n\u00e0y. Do \u0111\u00f3, vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00e0m s\u00f3ng <em>\u03c8<sub>i<\/sub> <\/em>\u1edf v\u00f9ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y l\u00e0 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u. Tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c gi\u1eefa nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Pierre Descouvemont, \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Bruxelles, B\u1ec9 (<em>GS. Descouvemont l\u00e0 chuy\u00ean gia trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c thi\u00ean v\u0103n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n<\/em>), nh\u00f3m \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng th\u00eam h\u01b0\u1edbng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u00e0y d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 kinh ph\u00ed c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i c\u1ea5p b\u1ed9 \u201c<em>Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u vi m\u00f4 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng b\u1eaft nucleon (p,\u03b3) \u1edf n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ea5p trong h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c lu\u1eadn tr\u01b0\u1eddng trung b\u00ecnh h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n<\/em>\u201d .<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">M\u1ed9t trong c\u00e1c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd l\u00e0 nh\u00f3m \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh t\u00ednh ti\u1ebft di\u1ec7n ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng (<em>p,<\/em><em>\u03b3<\/em>). H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh t\u00ednh ti\u1ebft di\u1ec7n (<em>p,<\/em><em>\u03b3<\/em>) ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n nay tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi nh\u01b0 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh RADCAP [4], FRESCO [5] \u0111\u1ec1u \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p th\u1ebf t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c proton-h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecbnh x\u1ee9 (<em>local<\/em>). Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 th\u1ebf t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch R n\u1ed1i t\u1eeb proton \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00e2m h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n. Tuy nhi\u00ean, h\u1ec7 proton-h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 c\u00e1c fermion (<em>nucleon l\u00e0 c\u00e1c fermion<\/em>) v\u00e0 h\u00e0m s\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 ph\u1ea3i th\u1ecfa m\u00e3n t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t ph\u1ea3n x\u1ee9ng theo nguy\u00ean l\u00fd lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb Pauli. D\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ebf t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c proton-h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 phi \u0111\u1ecbnh x\u1ee9 (<em>nonlocal<\/em>), l\u00fac n\u00e0y th\u1ebf t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c proton-h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n ngo\u00e0i ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o bi\u1ebfn t\u1ecda \u0111\u1ed9 R, th\u1ebf t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c c\u00f2n ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o t\u1ecda \u0111\u1ed9 r, l\u00e0 t\u1ecda \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nucleon trong h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n. \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n trong t\u00ednh to\u00e1n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u01b0\u1eddng x\u1ea5p x\u1ec9 th\u1ebf phi \u0111\u1ecbnh x\u1ee9 n\u00e0y v\u1ec1 d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ecbnh x\u1ee9. \u0110i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh t\u00ednh ti\u1ebft di\u1ec7n (<em>p,<\/em><em>\u03b3<\/em>) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng b\u1edfi nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u l\u00e0 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho c\u1ea3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ecbnh x\u1ee9 v\u00e0 phi \u0111\u1ecbnh x\u1ee9. G\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, Tian v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf phi \u0111\u1ecbnh x\u1ee9 l\u00ean m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng nh\u01b0 <sup>48<\/sup>Ca(<em>n,<\/em><em>\u03b3<\/em>)<sup>49<\/sup>Ca, <sup>7<\/sup>Li(<em>p,<\/em><em>\u03b3<\/em>)<sup>8<\/sup>Li v\u00e0 <sup>12<\/sup>C(<em>p,<\/em><em>\u03b3<\/em>)<sup>13<\/sup>N [6]. Do \u0111\u00f3, v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 phi \u0111\u1ecbnh x\u1ee9 c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng (<em>p,<\/em><em>\u03b3<\/em>) l\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng tri\u1ec3n khai.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-10352\" src=\"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/09.12.22.2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"750\" height=\"416\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">D\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng phi \u0111\u1ecbnh x\u1ee9 l\u00ean th\u1eeba s\u1ed1 thi\u00ean v\u0103n S(E) m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng (<em>p,<\/em><em>\u03b3<\/em>) thu\u1ed9c chu tr\u00ecnh CNO (<em>th\u1eeba s\u1ed1 thi\u00ean v\u0103n S(E) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00f4ng qua ti\u1ebft di\u1ec7n ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng<\/em>). Trong \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch tr\u00ean c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng\u00a0 <sup>12<\/sup>C(<em>p,\u03b3<\/em>)<sup>13<\/sup>N, <sup>13<\/sup>C(<em>p,\u03b3<\/em>)<sup>14<\/sup>N\u00a0 v\u00e0 <sup>16<\/sup>O(<em>p,\u03b3<\/em>)<sup>17<\/sup>F (H\u00ecnh 3-5). Ta c\u00f3 th\u1eeba s\u1ed1 thi\u00ean v\u0103n S(E) c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng <sup>12<\/sup>C(<em>p,\u03b3<\/em>)<sup>13<\/sup>N \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chi ph\u1ed1i b\u1edfi \u0111\u1ec9nh c\u1ed9ng h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u00f3 spin=1\/2<sup>+ <\/sup>t\u1ea1i E<sub>R<\/sub>~0.422 MeV (H\u00ecnh 3). Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng\u00a0 <sup>13<\/sup>C(<em>p,\u03b3<\/em>)<sup>14<\/sup>N c\u00f3 \u00a0S(E) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chi ph\u1ed1i b\u1edfi hai \u0111\u1ec9nh c\u1ed9ng h\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1edbi spin=1<sup>&#8211;<\/sup> t\u1ea1i E<sub>R1<\/sub>~0.518 MeV v\u00e0 spin=0<sup>&#8211;<\/sup> t\u1ea1i E<sub>R2<\/sub>~1.225 MeV (H\u00ecnh 4). \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi hai ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng n\u00e0y, nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 ra r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n v\u1edbi th\u1ebf phi \u0111\u1ecbnh x\u1ee9 cho k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 S(E) l\u1edbn h\u01a1n kho\u1ea3ng 8% so v\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ecbnh x\u1ee9 \u1edf v\u00f9ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng thi\u00ean v\u0103n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi hai \u0111\u1ec9nh c\u1ed9ng h\u01b0\u1edfng E<sub>R1 <\/sub>v\u00e0 E<sub>R2 <\/sub>cho tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng <sup>13<\/sup>C(<em>p,\u03b3<\/em>)<sup>14<\/sup>N theo m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh th\u1ebf t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c (H\u00ecnh 4).<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng <sup>16<\/sup>O(<em>p,\u03b3<\/em>)<sup>17<\/sup>F (H\u00ecnh 5), \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p th\u00fa v\u1ecb v\u00ec h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n <sup>17<\/sup>F \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i k\u00edch th\u00edch 1\/2<sup>+<\/sup> c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac Halo (<em>\u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n Halo l\u00e0 h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n li\u00ean k\u1ebft r\u1ea5t y\u1ebfu v\u00e0 b\u00e1n k\u00ednh h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n l\u1edbn<\/em>). Khi \u0111\u00f3, h\u00e0m s\u00f3ng li\u00ean k\u1ebft proton-<sup>16<\/sup>O trong h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n <sup>17<\/sup>F c\u00f3 d\u1ea1ng \u0111u\u00f4i d\u00e0i \u1edf v\u00f9ng b\u00e1n k\u00ednh l\u1edbn. \u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n qua th\u1eeba s\u1ed1 S(E) \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng b\u1eaft proton v\u1ec1 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i k\u00edch th\u00edch 1\/2<sup>+<\/sup> c\u1ee7a <sup>17<\/sup>F t\u0103ng khi n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng E gi\u1ea3m v\u1ec1 0 (H\u00ecnh 5). Qua k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch, nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng phi \u0111\u1ecbnh x\u1ee9 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 l\u00ean th\u1eeba s\u1ed1 thi\u00ean v\u0103n S(E) \u1edf v\u00f9ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng thi\u00ean v\u0103n v\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng <sup>16<\/sup>O(<em>p,\u03b3<\/em>)<sup>17<\/sup>F. Sai kh\u00e1c S(E) gi\u1eefa t\u00ednh to\u00e1n th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ecbnh x\u1ee9 v\u00e0 phi \u0111\u1ecbnh x\u1ee9 ch\u1ec9 kho\u1ea3ng nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n 5%. C\u00e1c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch tr\u00ean c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng <sup>12<\/sup>C(<em>p,\u03b3<\/em>)<sup>13<\/sup>N, <sup>13<\/sup>C(<em>p,\u03b3<\/em>)<sup>14<\/sup>N v\u00e0 <sup>16<\/sup>O(<em>p,\u03b3<\/em>)<sup>17<\/sup>F (H\u00ecnh 3-5) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 tr\u00ean hai t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed qu\u1ed1c t\u00ea ISI uy t\u00edn Q2 [7,8].<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><em><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-10353\" src=\"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/09.12.22.3.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"519\" height=\"398\" \/>H\u00ecnh 5. S(E) c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng <sup>16<\/sup>O(p,\u03b3)<sup>17<\/sup>F<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">C\u00e1c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 tr\u00ean l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong h\u01b0\u1edbng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u thi\u00ean v\u0103n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n. C\u00e1c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u kh\u00edch l\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c tri\u1ec3n khai h\u01b0\u1edbng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u00fa v\u1ecb n\u00e0y trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. D\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 n\u00e0y, nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u s\u1ebd ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng (<em>p,\u03b3<\/em>) d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh t\u00ednh to\u00e1n vi m\u00f4 th\u1ebf t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c proton-h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n kh\u00e1c nhau. Nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u xin ch\u00e2n th\u00e0nh c\u1ea3m \u01a1n Ban L\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o Vi\u1ec7n Khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n, Vi\u1ec7n N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nguy\u00ean t\u1eed Vi\u1ec7t Nam, \u0111\u00e3 quan t\u00e2m h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u00f4ng qua \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i c\u1ea5p B\u1ed9 \u201c<em>Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u vi m\u00f4 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng b\u1eaft nucleon (p,\u03b3) \u1edf n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ea5p trong h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c lu\u1eadn tr\u01b0\u1eddng trung b\u00ecnh h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n<\/em>\u201d.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><strong>Nguy\u1ec5n Ho\u00e0ng Ph\u00fac<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><strong>Trung t\u00e2m V\u1eadt l\u00fd h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n, Vi\u1ec7n Khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">[1] Carl R. Brune1 and Barry Davids, \u201c<em>Radiative Capture Reactions in Astrophysics<\/em>\u201d, Annu. Rev. Nucl. Part. Sci. 2015. 65:87\u2013112(2015).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">[2] J.T. Huang, C.A. Bertulani, V. Guimaraes, \u201c<em>Radiative capture of nucleons at astrophysical energies with single-particle states<\/em>\u201d, At. Data Nucl. Data Tables 96 (2010) 824.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">[3] Bruno Marques Braizinha, PhD. Thesis, \u201c<em>Calculation of nuclear reaction rates in astrophysical processes<\/em>\u201d, University of Lisbon (2004).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">[4] C.A. Bertulani, \u201c<em>A potential model tool for direct capture reactions<\/em>\u201d, Comput. Phys. Commun. 156 (2003) 123.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">[5] I. J. Thompson, \u201c<em>Coupled Reaction Channels Calculations in Nuclear Physics<\/em>\u201d, Comput. Phys. Rep. 7, 167 (1988);\u00a0 <a href=\"http:\/\/www.fresco.org.uk\">http:\/\/www.fresco.org.uk<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">[6] Y. Tian, D.Y. Pang, Z.Y. Ma, \u201c<em>Effects of nonlocality of nuclear potentials on direct capture reactions<\/em>\u201d, Phys. Rev. C 97 (2018) 064615.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">[7] N. L. Anh, N. H. Phuc, D. T. Khoa, L. H. Chien and N. T. T. Phuc, \u201c<em>Folding model approach to the elastic p+<sup>12,13<\/sup>C scattering at low energies and radiative capture<br \/>\n<sup>12,13<\/sup>C(p,\u03b3) reactions<\/em>\u201d, Nuclear Physics A 1006 (2021) 122078.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">[8] N. H. Phuc, N. T. T. Phuc, D. C. Cuong, \u201c<em>Study of nonlocality effects in direct capture reactions with Lagrange-mesh R-matrix method<\/em>\u201d, Journal of Modern Physics E<br \/>\n30, (2021) 2150079.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Sau v\u1ee5 n\u1ed5 Big Bang, \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a hi\u0111ro chi\u1ebfm kho\u1ea3ng 74% kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t to\u00e0n v\u0169 tr\u1ee5. Do \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n x\u1ea3y ra c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 tham gia c\u1ee7a hi\u0111ro lu\u00f4n chi\u1ebfm v\u1ecb tr\u00ed quan tr\u1ecdng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a v\u1ee5 tr\u1ee5. Trong \u0111\u00f3, ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng b\u1eaft b\u1ee9c [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":10353,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[24],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-10350","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tin-hoat-dong-cua-vien"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10350","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10350"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10350\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10350"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=10350"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=10350"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}