S\u00e1ng qua nghe hung tin r\u1eb1ng ch\u1ed3ng c\u1ee7a em h\u1ecd t\u00f4i m\u1edbi m\u1ea5t v\u00ec b\u1ec7nh ung th\u01b0. C\u0103n b\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eeba m\u1ed9t ai v\u00e0 c\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n
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Ng\u00e0y n\u00f3 th\u00e0nh h\u00f4n v\u1edbi em h\u1ecd t\u00f4i, t\u00f4i n\u00f3i n\u1eeda th\u1eadt n\u1eeda \u0111\u00f9a r\u1eb1ng ‘M\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t anh ch\u00e0ng may m\u1eafn, v\u00ec em tao l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi xinh \u0111\u1eb9p v\u00e0 con c\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a c\u1eadu T\u01b0 tao.’ N\u00f3 c\u01b0\u1eddi t\u01b0\u01a1i m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i g\u00ec. M\u00e0, t\u00f4i ngh\u0129 n\u00f3 may m\u1eafn th\u1eadt, b\u1edfi em h\u1ecd t\u00f4i h\u1ed3i \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee9a r\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eb9p g\u00e1i. Ch\u1eafc c\u1eadu T\u01b0 t\u00f4i bi\u1ebft hay sao m\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean cho n\u00f3 l\u00e0 ‘\u0110\u1eb9p’. Em h\u1ecd t\u00f4i l\u1edbn l\u00ean, h\u1ecdc h\u00e0nh, v\u00e0 l\u00e0m c\u00f4 gi\u00e1o. T\u00f4i c\u0169ng ngh\u0129 t\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi ngh\u1ec1 gi\u00e1o. C\u00f2n th\u1eb1ng em r\u1ec3 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o, n\u00f3 g\u1eb7p em t\u00f4i trong m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng trung h\u1ecdc (hay ti\u1ec3u h\u1ecdc) trong qu\u00ea, v\u00e0 v\u1eady l\u00e0 th\u01b0\u01a1ng nhau v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh h\u00f4n v\u1edbi nhau.<\/p>\n
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L\u00e0 th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 tr\u1ecdng r\u1ea5t cao, \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i l\u00e0 t\u1ef1 \u00e1i. N\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n l\u1ec7 thu\u1ed9c ai, kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n nh\u1eadn h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a ai. Ngh\u1ec9 d\u1ea1y h\u1ecdc, n\u00f3 l\u00e0m th\u1ee3 m\u1ed9c; khi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0m th\u1ee3 m\u1ed9c n\u00f3 \u0111i l\u00e0m trong h\u00e3ng x\u01b0\u1edfng. Ba t\u00f4i l\u00fac sanh ti\u1ec1n r\u1ea5t m\u1ebfn n\u00f3 v\u00e0 xem nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ee9a ch\u00e1u r\u1ec3 c\u00f3 c\u00e1 t\u00e1nh. C\u00f3 ti\u1ec7c t\u00f9ng l\u00e0 ba t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec1u k\u00eau n\u00f3 qua chung vui.<\/p>\n
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Nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i th\u00ec n\u00f3 l\u00e0m kh\u00e1c. M\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n t\u00f4i v\u1ec1 qu\u00ea, ng\u1ed3i nh\u00e2m nhi v\u1edbi anh em, t\u00f4i h\u1ecfi ‘Sao kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y th\u1eb1ng L l\u1ea1i ch\u01a1i?’ M\u1ea5y ng\u01b0\u1eddi em n\u00f3i ‘\u1ea2nh kh\u00f4ng qua \u0111\u00e2u, anh ph\u1ea3i g\u1ecdi \u0111i\u1ec7n \u1ea3nh m\u1edbi qua’. Ho\u00e1 ra, n\u00f3 ngh\u0129 [sai] r\u1eb1ng n\u1ebfu n\u00f3 qua ch\u01a1i n\u00f3 b\u1ecb mang ti\u1ebfng l\u00e0 ki\u1ebfm qu\u00e0 hay ti\u1ec1n. Tr\u1eddi! T\u00f4i c\u00f3 bao gi\u1edd ngh\u0129 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady \u0111\u00e2u, v\u00e0 trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf v\u1ee3 ch\u1ed3ng n\u00f3 ch\u01b0a 1 l\u1ea7n, su\u1ed1t 40 n\u0103m t\u00f4i xa nh\u00e0, nh\u1edd gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 g\u00ec c\u1ea3 m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 t\u00f4i bi\u1ebft gia \u0111\u00ecnh n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00e1.<\/p>\n
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Sau khi ngh\u1ec9 d\u1ea1y h\u1ecdc, c\u00f3 th\u1eddi gian n\u00f3 \u0111i l\u00e0m th\u1ee3 h\u1ed3, l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n trong h\u00e3ng l\u00e0m xu\u1ed3ng composite. C\u00e1i th\u1eddi gian n\u00f3 l\u00e0m \u1edf h\u00e3ng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m cho t\u00f4i lo l\u1eafng, nh\u01b0ng ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 d\u1ecbp n\u00f3i ra. Nay nghe tin n\u00f3 qua \u0111\u1eddi \u1edf tu\u1ed5i ngo\u00e0i 60 l\u00e0m t\u00f4i s\u1ed1c v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ea3m.<\/p>\n
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Trong y gi\u1edbi, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f3 c\u00e2u ‘Ung th\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eeba m\u1ed9t ai’, hay ‘b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 ai c\u0169ng c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e2n b\u1ecb ung th\u01b0.’ L\u00ed do l\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh kh\u00e1 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u1edf ng\u01b0\u1eddi cao tu\u1ed5i, v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 ai c\u0169ng bi\u1ebft b\u1ea1n b\u00e8 hay ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong gia \u0111\u00ecnh m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh ung th\u01b0. C\u00e2u n\u00e0y c\u0169ng \u0111\u00fang v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea1i gia \u0111\u00ecnh t\u00f4i. L\u00e2u l\u00e2u, nghe tin ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e2n m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh ung th\u01b0 l\u00e0m t\u00f4i gi\u1eadt m\u00ecnh. Nh\u01b0ng khi nghe c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n ung th\u01b0 th\u00ec v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 trong gia \u0111\u00ecnh, d\u00f2ng h\u1ecd, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng.<\/p>\n
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B\u1ec7nh ung th\u01b0 \u0111ang t\u0103ng \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/strong><\/p>\n <\/p>\n T\u1ea1i sao t\u00f4i n\u00f3i nh\u01b0 v\u1eady? T\u1ea1i v\u00ec t\u00f4i v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 em trong nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u1edf VN \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m v\u00e0i nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u d\u1ecbch t\u1ec5 h\u1ecdc, v\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ch\u1ec9 ra xu h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u0103ng \u1edf g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 lo\u1ea1i ung th\u01b0. Tuy nhi\u00ean, m\u1ed9t h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 theo d\u00f5i b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n xem ai c\u00f2n ai m\u1ea5t sau khi ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb. Do \u0111\u00f3, ch\u01b0a ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eed vong \u1edf b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n ung th\u01b0 \u1edf VN ra sao. D\u00f9 v\u1eady, theo T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c Y t\u1ebf Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u00ec t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 t\u1eed vong v\u00ec ung th\u01b0 \u1edf VN cao nh\u1ee9t nh\u00ec th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi!<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Nh\u1edd s\u1ef1 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 c\u1ee7a B\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n Ung b\u01b0\u1edbu Tphcm ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 ung th\u01b0 trong th\u1eddi gian 20 n\u0103m qua \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Nam. D\u1ef1a v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t b\u00e0i b\u00e1o tr\u00ean c\u00e1c t\u1eadp san qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf [1-3]. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ph\u00e2n t\u00edch d\u1ecbch t\u1ec5 h\u1ecdc g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u1edf VN.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n B\u00e0i \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o ung th\u01b0 v\u00fa, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 \u1edf n\u1eef gi\u1edbi. T\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 m\u1eafc ung th\u01b0 v\u00fa trong th\u1eddi gian 2011-2015 l\u00e0 107 tr\u00ean 100,000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi, t\u0103ng 70% so v\u1edbi th\u1eddi gian 1996-2000.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao ung th\u01b0 t\u0103ng, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 v\u1ec1 ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n, nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i ngh\u0129 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. R\u00f5 r\u00e0ng l\u00e0 l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00e3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec1u trong th\u1eddi gian tr\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi 50 n\u0103m qua. Ch\u00fang ta \u00edt v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ec3 l\u1ef1c h\u01a1n, \u0103n u\u1ed1ng k\u00e9m l\u00e0nh m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n, m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m h\u01a1n, v.v. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh m\u00e3n t\u00ednh, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 ung th\u01b0.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 n\u00e0o li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn ung th\u01b0?<\/strong><\/p>\n <\/p>\n Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng ung th\u01b0 l\u00e0 do di truy\u1ec1n, nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang. \u0110a s\u1ed1 ung th\u01b0 l\u00e0 do y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i do di truy\u1ec1n. Khi n\u00f3i ‘m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng’ \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y, t\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1i m\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng Anh g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ‘environments’, m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng, bao g\u1ed3m ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i, \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed, nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00f9ng, v.v. C\u00f3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 57 h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn ung th\u01b0. L\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y bao g\u1ed3m th\u00f3i quen nh\u01b0 h\u00fat thu\u1ed1c l\u00e1, d\u00f9ng bia r\u01b0\u1ee3u, luy\u1ec7n t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 l\u1ef1c, th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m \u0103n u\u1ed1ng. C\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u (kh\u00f3 li\u1ec7t k\u00ea ra h\u1ebft \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y) r\u1eb1ng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn kho\u1ea3ng 90-95% ca ung th\u01b0. T\u00f4i tin r\u1eb1ng ch\u1ed3ng em h\u1ecd t\u00f4i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ca nh\u01b0 v\u1eady.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n M\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ph\u00e2n t\u00edch t\u1eeb MD Anderson (trung t\u00e2m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 ung th\u01b0 n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi) li\u1ec7t k\u00ea c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ‘ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m’ cho kho\u1ea3ng 90-95% ca t\u1eed vong v\u00ec ung th\u01b0 nh\u01b0 sau [4]:<\/p>\n <\/p>\n * h\u00fat thu\u1ed1c l\u00e1: 25-30%<\/p>\n * \u0103n u\u1ed1ng: 30-35%<\/p>\n * b\u00e9o ph\u00ec: 10-20%<\/p>\n * truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec5m: 15-20%<\/p>\n * bia r\u01b0\u1ee3u: 4-6%<\/p>\n * l\u00ed do kh\u00e1c: 10-15%<\/p>\n <\/p>\n H\u00fat thu\u1ed1c l\u00e1 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 m\u1edbi, v\u00ec khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng t\u1eeb th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 1960 qua nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a Richard Doll v\u00e0 Bradford Hill. H\u00fat thu\u1ed1c l\u00e1 l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a 14 lo\u1ea1i ung th\u01b0. Ri\u00eang ung th\u01b0 ph\u1ed5i, g\u1ea7n 90% l\u00e0 do h\u00fat thu\u1ed1c l\u00e1, c\u00f2n c\u00e1c d\u1ea1ng ung th\u01b0 kh\u00e1c th\u00ec t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 n\u00e0y dao \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb 25-30%. Ch\u1ed3ng em t\u00f4i thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o nh\u00f3m nguy c\u01a1 n\u00e0y: h\u00fat thu\u1ed1c l\u00e1.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m ch\u00fang ta \u0103n u\u1ed1ng ‘ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m’ cho kho\u1ea3ng 30-35% t\u1eed vong v\u00ec ung th\u01b0. Con s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 do nh\u00e0 d\u1ecbch t\u1ec5 h\u1ecdc Richard Doll v\u00e0 Richard Peto \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh. Ri\u00eang \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ung th\u01b0 ru\u1ed9t, ‘ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9’ \u0103n u\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn 70% ca b\u1ec7nh, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf li\u00ean quan. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ung th\u01b0 nh\u01b0 nitrates, nitrosamines, pesticides, and dioxins c\u00f3 trong th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 “gi\u00fap” ch\u00fang ta b\u1ecb ung th\u01b0.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n B\u00e9o ph\u00ec, \u00edt ai bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 nguy c\u01a1 c\u1ee7a ung th\u01b0. Theo m\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u qui m\u00f4 t\u1eeb M\u0129 th\u00ec kho\u1ea3ng 14% t\u1eed vong do ung th\u01b0 \u1edf nam gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 20% t\u1eed vong do ung th\u01b0 \u1edf n\u1eef gi\u1edbi l\u00e0 c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn b\u00e9o ph\u00ec. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a th\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 “b\u00e9o ph\u00ec” \u1edf ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n C\u00e1c t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec5m (infectious agents) c\u0169ng l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n hay y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn ung th\u01b0. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ung th\u01b0 nh\u01b0 ung th\u01b0 c\u1ed5 t\u1eed cung ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n l\u00e0 do truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec5m. Theo \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia ung th\u01b0 h\u1ecdc, kho\u1ea3ng 20% ca ung th\u01b0 tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi l\u00e0 do c\u00e1c t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec5m nh\u01b0 HPV, Epstein Barr virus, HIV, HBV, HCV, v.v. \u1ede c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u01b0 Vi\u1ec7t Nam, t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 ung th\u01b0 do t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec5m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cao h\u01a1n 20%.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Bia r\u01b0\u1ee3u l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 nguy c\u01a1 ung th\u01b0, v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y th\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e0n \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u00e1 l\u00e2u. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 ung th\u01b0 th\u1ef1c qu\u1ea3n v\u00e0 ung th\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u00eau h\u00f3a n\u00f3i chung ch\u1ecbu \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1eeb bia r\u01b0\u1ee3u kh\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u. Khi n\u00f3i “bia r\u01b0\u1ee3u” t\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn u\u1ed1ng bia r\u01b0\u1ee3u qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u (h\u1ee7 ch\u00ecm), ti\u1ebfng Anh g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 excessive intakes, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i lo\u1ea1i u\u1ed1ng bia r\u01b0\u1ee3u b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng (kho\u1ea3ng 1 li r\u01b0\u1ee3u \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y hay m\u1ed9t lon bia m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y). Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a bia r\u01b0\u1ee3u \u0111\u1ebfn ung th\u01b0 th\u00ec th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c. Theo \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u b\u00ean M\u0129, kho\u1ea3ng 4% ca ung th\u01b0 v\u00fa l\u00e0 do d\u00f9ng bia r\u01b0\u1ee3u qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n “C\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c” \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, hay ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m c\u00e1c h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y ngo\u00e0i s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u1eefng thu\u1ed1c tr\u1eeb s\u00e2u di\u1ec7t c\u1ecf, dioxin, carbon particles nh\u01b0 PAH, kh\u00f3i thu\u1ed1c, benzene, butadiene, nitrates, pesticides, organochlorines, thu\u1ed1c men, v\u00e0 m\u0129 ph\u1ea9m m\u00e0 ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef d\u00f9ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 n\u00e0y “ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m kho\u1ea3ng 10-15% ca ung th\u01b0.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Nh\u1eefng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u00f4i t\u00f3m l\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y hi v\u1ecdng \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap cho c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 g\u00e2y hay li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ec7nh ung th\u01b0. Nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin trong b\u00e0i n\u00e0y n\u00f3i l\u00ean m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 ung th\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ec7nh do y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu. \u00dd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a th\u00f4ng tin n\u00e0y l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba ung th\u01b0 n\u1eb1m trong m\u1ed7i c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n ch\u00fang ta: thay \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng cho l\u00e0nh m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n M\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch thay \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 ng\u01b0ng h\u00fat thu\u1ed1c l\u00e1, gi\u1ea3m li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng bia r\u01b0\u1ee3u, c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng gi\u1ea3m nguy c\u01a1 truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec5m, c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng, gi\u1ea3m ch\u1ea5t b\u00e9o, v\u00e0 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0103n u\u1ed1ng nhi\u1ec1u tr\u00e1i c\u00e2y (xem h\u00ecnh). C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, b\u1edfi v\u00ec \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc. \u0110\u1ec3 cho c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti k\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 l\u00e0m \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh cho c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xem l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i t\u1ed9i. B\u1ec7nh truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00e0n lan. \u0110\u00f3 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 b\u1ee9c tranh chung c\u1ee7a n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n Vi\u1ec7t Nam ng\u00e0y nay.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n T\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 xu\u1ed1ng c\u1ea5p m\u00f4i sinh ch\u1eb3ng kh\u00e1c g\u00ec qu\u1ea3 bom y t\u1ebf n\u1ed5 ch\u1eadm. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00f2ng b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u00fang ngay t\u1eeb b\u00e2y gi\u1edd th\u00ec vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng th\u00eam b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n hay nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u m\u00e1y m\u00f3c m\u1eafc ti\u1ec1n ch\u1eb3ng gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00ec c\u1ea3, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u01b0 em r\u1ec3 t\u00f4i s\u1ebd c\u00f2n ra \u0111i \u1edf tu\u1ed5i m\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1ng l\u1ebd v\u1eabn c\u00f2n c\u1ed1ng hi\u1ebfn cho \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n ___<\/p>\n [1] https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12885-021-08023-z<\/a><\/p>\n Trends in incidence and histological pattern of thyroid cancer in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam (1996\u20132015): a population-based study<\/p>\n