Ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea5t trong c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c canh t\u00e1c n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng cao \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng, an ninh l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu kh\u00e1c. Tuy v\u1eady, \u1edf khu v\u1ef1c ch\u00e2u \u00c1 – Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng, nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1ec1 lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea5t, t\u1eadp qu\u00e1n canh t\u00e1c n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, gia t\u0103ng d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu khi\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t b\u1ecb suy tho\u00e1i tr\u00ean di\u1ec7n r\u1ed9ng, v\u1edbi h\u01a1n 80% con s\u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m v\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng 1,8 tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ebft h\u00e0ng n\u0103m v\u00ec c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01b0\u1edbc. \u00d4 nhi\u1ec5m n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00e1c nhau trong to\u00e0n khu v\u1ef1c, v\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m ch\u00ednh \u1edf m\u1ecdi qu\u1ed1c gia c\u00f3 n\u1ec1n n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p th\u00e2m canh. C\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m do n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, bao g\u1ed3m ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng (nit\u01a1, ph\u1ed1t pho v\u00e0 l\u01b0u hu\u1ef3nh), thu\u1ed1c tr\u1eeb s\u00e2u, tr\u1ea7m t\u00edch, carbon v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t h\u1eefu c\u01a1, v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t sinh, v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0 t\u00edch t\u1ee5 trong c\u00e1c l\u01b0u v\u1ef1c. \u00d4 nhi\u1ec5m n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng, ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ea1nh tranh c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n

Tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u00f3, C\u01a1 quan N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nguy\u00ean t\u1eed qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf (IAEA) \u0111\u00e3 tri\u1ec3n khai d\u1ef1 \u00e1n h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u00f9ng ch\u00e2u \u00c1 \u2013 Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng IAEA\/RCA\/RAS 5\/091 \u201c\u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u ch\u1ea5t \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p nh\u1eb1m c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea5t trong c\u00e1c l\u01b0u v\u1ef1c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1ecb t\u00edch h\u1ee3p\u201d (Assessing and Mitigating Agro-Contaminants to Improve Water Quality and Soil Productivity in Catchments Using Integrated Isotopic Approaches). D\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 tham gia c\u1ee7a 21 qu\u1ed1c gia khu v\u1ef1c ch\u00e2u \u00c1 \u2013 Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng, k\u00e9o d\u00e0i t\u1eeb 2022 \u2013 2025. D\u1ef1 \u00e1n n\u00e0y t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m do ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p trong c\u00e1c l\u01b0u v\u1ef1c nh\u1eb1m c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea5t b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1ecb t\u00edch h\u1ee3p. Th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c tham gia d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia trong khu v\u1ef1c ch\u00e2u \u00c1 \u2013 Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e2ng cao b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh, \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 theo d\u00f5i c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng do n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p b\u1edfi vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ed9 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1ecb. D\u1ef1 \u00e1n n\u00e0y s\u1ebd ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c, s\u1ef1 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00f3ng \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m do ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1ecb t\u00edch h\u1ee3p bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1ecb b\u1ec1n (\u03b4^{2<\/sup>H, \u03b4^{13<\/sup>C, \u03b4^{15<\/sup>N, \u03b4^{18<\/sup>O, \u03b4^{32<\/sup>S) k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1ecb b\u1ec1n trong c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng (\u03b4^{13<\/sup>C trong c\u00e1c acid b\u00e9o), v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1ecb ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 r\u01a1i l\u1eafng (^{137<\/sup>Cs, ^{210<\/sup>Pb) \u2026<\/p>\n}}}}}}}}

Trong khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 D\u1ef1 \u00e1n IAEA\/RCA\/RAS 5\/091, t\u1eeb ng\u00e0y 24\/7 \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y 28\/7\/2023, Vi\u1ec7n Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n (NCHN) \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi IAEA t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c kh\u00f3a \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o v\u1ec1: \u201cC\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1ecb t\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m do n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng\u201d. Tham d\u1ef1 l\u1edbp t\u1eadp hu\u1ea5n c\u00f3 23 h\u1ecdc vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb 14 qu\u1ed1c gia g\u1ed3m: \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, Bangladesh, Fiji, H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c, Indonesia, Malaysia, M\u00f4ng C\u1ed5, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Philippines, Th\u00e1i Lan, Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Kh\u00f3a t\u1eadp hu\u1ea5n do c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia g\u1ed3m: Ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 Joseph Adu-Gyamfi, Gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a IAEA; Ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 \u0110\u1eb7ng \u0110\u1ee9c Nh\u1eadn, Vi\u1ec7n N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nguy\u00ean t\u1eed Vi\u1ec7t Nam; \u00d4ng Carl Helander, \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Macquarie, Australia v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 Ph\u00f2ng Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1ecb \u2013 Vi\u1ec7n NCHN h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn. M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a kh\u00f3a \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o n\u00e0y l\u00e0: cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt l\u1ea5y m\u1eabu \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1ecb v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt b\u1ed5 tr\u1ee3 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc do c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m b\u1edfi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p trong c\u00e1c l\u01b0u v\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n

Th\u00f4ng qua kh\u00f3a h\u1ecdc, c\u00e1c h\u1ecdc vi\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb c\u00e1c ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u00e0 vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1ecb trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m do ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p l\u1ea5y m\u1eabu v\u00e0 l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch l\u1ea5y m\u1eabu, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p x\u1eed l\u00fd m\u1eabu v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch m\u1eabu, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, c\u00e1c h\u1ecdc vi\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m t\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p thu g\u00f3p m\u1eabu n\u01b0\u1edbc, chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb m\u1eabu n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1ecb. Ngo\u00e0i ra, c\u00e1c h\u1ecdc vi\u00ean c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u00e2n t\u00edch th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1ecb b\u1ec1n tr\u00ean h\u1ec7 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u00e2n t\u00edch t\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1ecb b\u1ec1n t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7n NCHN v\u00e0 Trung t\u00e2m \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c gi\u1ea3ng vi\u00ean v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc vi\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f9ng chia s\u1ebb c\u00e1c kinh nghi\u1ec7m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec3n khai t\u1ea1i m\u1ed7i qu\u1ed1c gia. K\u1ebft th\u00fac kh\u00f3a h\u1ecdc, Ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 Joseph Adu-Gyamfi hy v\u1ecdng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 kinh nghi\u1ec7m thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb kh\u00f3a h\u1ecdc, c\u00e1c h\u1ecdc vi\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tri\u1ec3n khai c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, n\u00e2ng cao m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00f9ng v\u1ec1 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng do c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u1edf c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh v\u1ec1 kh\u00f3a h\u1ecdc<\/strong><\/p>\n