Sau h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 l\u01b0u gi\u1eef v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc nhi\u1ec5m ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m m\u00e1t c\u00e1c l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng sau tai n\u1ea1n nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n Fukushima, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh x\u1ea3 d\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y ra bi\u1ec3n, b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 8\/2023.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m d\u1ea5y l\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u cu\u1ed9c tranh lu\u1eadn: li\u1ec7u n\u01b0\u1edbc x\u1ea3 th\u1ea3i n\u00e0y c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1t ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n an to\u00e0n? li\u1ec7u n\u00f3 c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi? li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p n\u00e0o t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n?<\/strong><\/p>\n

B\u00e1o Khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 cu\u1ed9c trao \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1edbi TS. Nguy\u1ec5n H\u00e0o Quang (Vi\u1ec7n N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nguy\u00ean t\u1eed Vi\u1ec7t Nam), m\u1ed9t trong s\u1ed1 11 chuy\u00ean gia thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed9i \u0111\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec7m (The Task Force) do C\u01a1 quan N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nguy\u00ean t\u1eed qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf (IAEA) thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ecbnh, quan s\u00e1t, ki\u1ec3m tra qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n tr\u01b0\u1edbc, trong v\u00e0 sau x\u1ea3 th\u1ea3i.<\/p>\n

Ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1<\/strong><\/p>\n

Th\u01b0a \u00f4ng, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 c\u00e1ch x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? N\u00f3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u00e1ng lo ng\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng?<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, trong c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 r\u1ea5t ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd \u0111\u1ec3 thu gom c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 kh\u00e1c nhau, d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng r\u1eafn, d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng l\u1ecfng, d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng kh\u00ed. H\u1ecd ch\u1ec9 cho ph\u00e9p th\u1ea3i ch\u00fang ra ngo\u00e0i m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng khi c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh x\u1eed l\u00fd ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n an to\u00e0n trong x\u1ea3 th\u1ea3i ra m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Tuy kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 x\u1ea3 th\u1ea3i c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 ra m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1ec1 zero \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan ph\u00e1p quy h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n qu\u1ed1c gia v\u00e0 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t ra nh\u1eefng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 cho m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 x\u1ea3 th\u1ea3i c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 ra m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. M\u1ed9t khi, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 d\u01b0\u1edbi ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00ec h\u1ecd v\u1eabn cho ph\u00e9p x\u1ea3 ra m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u00f3 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y, ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc so s\u00e1nh t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng r\u1ee7i ro, thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i do x\u1ea3 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 d\u01b0\u1edbi ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0o m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i \u00edch m\u00e0 n\u00f3 \u0111em l\u1ea1i, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 khi th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c l\u1ee3i \u00edch n\u00f3 l\u1edbn h\u01a1n h\u1eb3n m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn cho ph\u00e9p th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng n\u00e0y. B\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n n\u00e0o c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc, \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 theo c\u00e1ch nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec th\u1ebf, s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eeb l\u00e2u r\u1ed3i v\u00e0 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi coi chuy\u1ec7n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec ph\u1ea3i b\u00e0n c\u00e3i. N\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n ven b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n, s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y ch\u00fang r\u1ea5t thanh b\u00ecnh, d\u00f9 m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 \u1edf m\u1ee9c cho ph\u00e9p v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea3i ra h\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

Ri\u00eang v\u1ec1 ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 d\u1ea1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc, v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n nay \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 hai v\u00f2ng n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0m m\u00e1t, m\u1ed9t l\u00e0 v\u00f2ng k\u00edn, n\u00f3 tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n \u1edf trong \u0111\u00f3 r\u1ed3i, v\u00f2ng th\u1ee9 hai th\u1ef1c ra n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 g\u00ec c\u1ea3. V\u00ec v\u1eady tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 l\u1ecfng \u1edf trong c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 b\u1ecb r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 trong c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng r\u1ed3i h\u1ecd thu th\u1eadp l\u1ea1i, x\u1eed l\u00fd ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ea9n ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 sau t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 x\u1eed l\u00fd tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi x\u1ea3 th\u1ea3i ra ngo\u00e0i.<\/p>\n

V\u1eady c\u00f2n n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1edf nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n Fukushima sau tai n\u1ea1n do \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 s\u00f3ng th\u1ea7n n\u0103m 2011?<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Ph\u1ea3i n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1eb1m kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 l\u1edbn do t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean g\u00e2y ra. C\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng m\u00e0 n\u00f3i, trong l\u00fac kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n v\u1eabn l\u01b0u gi\u1eef c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00e0 c\u00f2n ch\u01b0a bi\u1ebft m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd hi\u1ec3u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1. Do \u0111\u00f3, h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 t\u00edch l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi th\u1ea3i ra m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng r\u1ea5t c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m trong vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n

Sau \u0111\u00f3, h\u1ecd nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u xem trong h\u01a1n 1.000 th\u00f9ng ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ea1nh nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y Fukushiam c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a nh\u1eefng nh\u00e2n ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 g\u00ec. \u0110\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, h\u1ecd d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o b\u1eb1ng l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft l\u00e0 khi \u0111\u1ed1t ch\u00e1y nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n trong nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 th\u00ec s\u1ebd sinh ra nh\u1eefng nh\u00e2n ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 g\u00ec? Khi n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi ngu\u1ed3n nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng nh\u1eefng nh\u00e2n ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 \u1ea5y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0o trong n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 bao nhi\u00eau? H\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n v\u00e0 \u0111o th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eefng t\u00ednh to\u00e1n \u0111\u00f3. C\u00f3 nh\u1eefng nh\u00e2n ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 h\u1ecd ti\u00ean \u0111o\u00e1n l\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i nh\u01b0ng tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf khi ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh \u0111o kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c do n\u00f3 qu\u00e1 nh\u1ecf, v\u00ec v\u1eady t\u00ednh to\u00e1n c\u00f3 ph\u1ea7n h\u01a1i d\u01b0 so v\u1edbi th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf. Nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 ti\u00ean \u0111o\u00e1n d\u01b0 l\u00ean c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e2n ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 r\u1ed3i h\u1ecd quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u1ea3i x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh t\u00e1ch l\u1ecdc, x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u00f3 v\u00e0 sau l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 l\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e2n ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 sau qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u1eed l\u00fd.<\/p>\n

V\u1eady \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf nh\u1eefng nh\u00e2n ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 \u0111\u00f3, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nh\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p g\u00ec?<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nh\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn (ASPL), m\u1ed9t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecd ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n r\u1ea5t nhanh v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh trong kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn. H\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ea5t ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecdc, c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1. Khi n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i qua m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u1ecdc ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y, g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1ecdc h\u1ebft 62 nh\u00e2n ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 m\u00e0 h\u1ecd d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o l\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng tho\u00e1t ra trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y.<\/p>\n

Con s\u1ed1 nh\u00e2n ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 tr\u00ean l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00ean t\u1edbi c\u1ea3 h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0n b\u1edfi v\u00ec khi h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n b\u1ecb ph\u00e2n h\u1ea1ch, n\u00f3 t\u1ea1o ra hai m\u1ea3nh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng m\u1ea3nh n\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 v\u1ebft th\u00f4i, t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i v\u1edbi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf \u1edf m\u1ee9c ph\u1ea7n tri\u1ec7u, ph\u1ea7n t\u1ec9 trong m\u1eabu. Th\u1ef1c ra, t\u00ednh to\u00e1n ti\u00ean l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng sai v\u1edbi th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf nhi\u1ec1u l\u1eafm \u0111\u00e2u.<\/p>\n

Ngo\u00e0i 62 nh\u00e2n ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 n\u00e0y, gi\u1edbi quan s\u00e1t lo ng\u1ea1i c\u00e1c nh\u00e2n ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 sinh ra do qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n h\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n trong l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 tritium v\u00e0 C-14. \u00d4ng ngh\u0129 g\u00ec v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y?<\/p>\n

$\"\"$ $\"\"$ \u0110\u1ed9i \u0111\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a IAEA l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1i Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n.<\/em><\/p>\n

Tritium v\u00e0 C-14 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nh\u1eadt x\u1ebfp lo\u1ea1i ri\u00eang ngo\u00e0i nh\u00f3m 62 nh\u00e2n ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 b\u1edfi v\u00ec r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 t\u00e1ch ch\u00fang ra kh\u1ecfi n\u01b0\u1edbc. V\u00ec v\u1eady trong n\u01b0\u1edbc nhi\u1ec5m x\u1ea1 \u1edf Fukushima sau x\u1eed l\u00fd th\u00ec n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a Tritium l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t, tuy nhi\u00ean ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft l\u00e0 nh\u00e2n ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 n\u00e0y l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p li\u1ec1u chi\u1ebfu x\u1ea1 cho con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng r\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf. Theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a WHO th\u00ec n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9 Tritium trong n\u01b0\u1edbc u\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 10000 Bq\/l\u00edt c\u00f2n n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 qua x\u1eed l\u00fd hi\u1ec7n nay v\u00e0 \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea3i ra bi\u1ec3n l\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng 200 Bq\/l\u00edt c\u00f2n quy \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 tritium th\u1ea3i ra bi\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt b\u1ea3n kh\u00f4ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 1500 Bq\/l\u00edt.<\/p>\n

V\u1edbi carbon-14, n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 trong n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 qua x\u1eed l\u00fd l\u00e0 0,02 Bq\/l\u00edt, th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n l\u00e0 2000 Bq\/l\u00edt c\u00f2n ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a WHO \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u00e2n ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 100 Bq\/l\u00edt.<\/p>\n

S\u1ef1 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t c\u1ee7a IAEA v\u1edbi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng x\u1ea3 th\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n<\/strong><\/p>\n

D\u01b0 lu\u1eadn qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf quan ng\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng khai ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ee9a ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 qua x\u1eed l\u00fd. V\u1eady c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 quan n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ee7 th\u1ea9m quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng, th\u01b0a \u00f4ng?<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u1eed l\u00fd v\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ee9a ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u01a1 quan an to\u00e0n ph\u00e1p quy h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t m\u00e0 c\u00f2n m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf quan tr\u1ecdng v\u1edbi ng\u00e0nh h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u l\u00e0 IAEA gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t th\u00f4ng qua m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 \u0111\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec7m g\u1ed3m 11 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2021. Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9i \u0111\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec7m n\u00e0y, nh\u01b0 tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5ng gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c IAEA l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o th\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp v\u00e0 kh\u00e1ch quan vi\u1ec7c tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf v\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt trong c\u00e1c th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, trong v\u00e0 sau khi x\u1ea3 th\u1ea3i.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed9i \u0111\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec7m c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. Th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 th\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn x\u1ea3 th\u1ea3i ra m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec3 xem l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c an to\u00e0n m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng hi\u1ec7n nay kh\u00f4ng? \u0110\u1ed9i \u0111\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i l\u1eadt \u0111i l\u1eadt l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng g\u00ec h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 xem c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y c\u00f3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n an to\u00e0n hi\u1ec7n nay m\u00e0 IAEA khuy\u1ebfn c\u00e1o d\u00e0nh cho c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n hay kh\u00f4ng? Th\u1ee9 hai l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 ch\u1ee9ng th\u1ef1c kh\u00e1ch quan, x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 Nh\u1eadt b\u1ea3n b\u00e1o c\u00e1o l\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang v\u00e0 tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00fang theo quy tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f3, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh quan tr\u1ecdng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i ch\u1ee9a ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 nh\u01b0 quy tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n t\u00edch m\u1eabu, quy tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ec3m tra ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc sau x\u1eed l\u00fd, quy tr\u00ecnh x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 x\u1eed l\u00fd m\u1eabu, c\u00e1c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 quy tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 h\u1ecd n\u00f3i kh\u00f4ng\u2026<\/p>\n

V\u1eady \u0111\u1ed9i \u0111\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec7m \u0111\u00e3 ki\u1ec3m tra v\u00e0 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t nh\u1eefng g\u00ec?<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

To\u00e0n b\u1ed9 quy tr\u00ecnh li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c h\u1ecd x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem x\u00e9t k\u1ef9 l\u01b0\u1ee1ng, qua \u0111\u00f3 th\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ednh an to\u00e0n c\u1ee7a l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn t\u1eeb Nh\u1eadt b\u1ea3n. Th\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ba nh\u00f3m nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 ch\u00ednh, bao g\u1ed3m: 1) \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n, nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p m\u00e0 ph\u00eda Nh\u1eadt b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong vi\u1ec7c x\u1ea3 th\u1ea3i n\u00e0y v\u00e0 xem x\u00e9t c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p tr\u00ean hai ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n, m\u1ed9t l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 an to\u00e0n c\u00f3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00f4ng? hai l\u00e0 an to\u00e0n cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng; 2) \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 quan ph\u00e1p quy. Ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ng\u00e0y m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y hai b\u1edfi theo d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt b\u1ea3n, vi\u1ec7c x\u1ea3 th\u1ea3i n\u01b0\u1edbc qua x\u1eed l\u00fd ra bi\u1ec3n s\u1ebd k\u00e9o d\u00e0i trong v\u00f2ng 30 n\u0103m. V\u1edbi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh d\u00e0i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf th\u00ec c\u00e1c c\u00e1ch m\u00e0 c\u01a1 quan ph\u00e1p quy Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t n\u00f3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 cam k\u1ebft trong ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n kh\u00f4ng?; 3) L\u1ea5y m\u1eabu \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9ng th\u1ef1c c\u00e1c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u00e0 l\u1ea5y m\u1eabu \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u1ed5ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1c nh\u00e2n ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 c\u00f3 trong c\u00e1c b\u1ed3n ch\u1ee9a m\u00e0 Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n c\u00f3 \u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh x\u1ea3 ra, ngo\u00e0i ra c\u00f2n l\u1ea5y m\u1eabu m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng xung quanh (n\u01b0\u1edbc, sinh v\u1eadt, n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t, tr\u1ea7m t\u00edch).<\/p>\n

L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean trong \u0111\u1ed9i \u0111\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec7m, \u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn g\u00ec v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 trung th\u1ef1c trong b\u00e1o c\u00e1o c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n?<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

C\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9i \u0111\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec7m \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm ra c\u00e1c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ec1u mang t\u00ednh kh\u00e1ch quan kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 gian l\u1eadn, l\u1eeba d\u1ed1i g\u00ec. Ngo\u00e0i ra, h\u1ecd n\u00f3i r\u1ea5t chi ti\u1ebft trong b\u00e1o c\u00e1o \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng x\u1ea3 th\u1ea3i. Trong \u0111o\u00e0n c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u chuy\u00ean gia trong nh\u1eefng l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c nhau, khi nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 g\u00ec c\u00f2n ch\u01b0a r\u00f5, h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec1u ch\u1ea5t v\u1ea5n nguy c\u01a1 r\u1ee7i ro ho\u1eb7c ch\u01b0a l\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea7n tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi r\u1ea5t chi ti\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

V\u1eady v\u1edbi k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch x\u1ea3 th\u1ea3i n\u00e0y, ngo\u00e0i c\u00f4ng ty v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh l\u00e0 Tepco th\u00ec t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c n\u00e0o \u1edf Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n li\u00ean quan tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh x\u1ea3 th\u1ea3i?<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh x\u1ea3 th\u1ea3i n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 qua x\u1eed l\u00fd ra bi\u1ec3n, \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n ra m\u1ed9t ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 4\/2021, trong \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn x\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc ra bi\u1ec3n. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt b\u1ea3n, t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng cho c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a qu\u1ed1c gia n\u00e0y th\u1ef1c thi, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh h\u1ecd s\u1ebd tri\u1ec3n khai v\u00e0 c\u01a1 quan ph\u00e1p quy Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n s\u1ebd gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t. C\u00f2n IAEA c\u00f3 tham gia v\u00e0o qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng th\u00ec IAEA kh\u00f4ng tham gia v\u00e0o qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec3 xem l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t an to\u00e0n v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft l\u00e0 Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 ra n\u0103m ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n kh\u00e1c nhau cho v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u01b0ng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, h\u1ecd g\u00fat l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 hai c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u00f4i, m\u1ed9t l\u00e0 bay h\u01a1i to\u00e0n b\u1ed9, hai l\u00e0 x\u1ea3 ra bi\u1ec3n. Sau nh\u1eefng c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc v\u00e0 xem x\u00e9t tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh kh\u00e1c nhau th\u00ec h\u1ecd th\u1ea5y vi\u1ec7c x\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 qua x\u1eed l\u00fd ra bi\u1ec3n v\u1eabn t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

V\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 qua x\u1eed l\u00fd v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n an to\u00e0n c\u1ee7a WHO v\u00e0 Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n th\u00ec t\u1ea1i sao, k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch x\u1ea3 th\u1ea3i l\u1ea1i k\u00e9o d\u00e0i trong 30 n\u0103m?<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t an to\u00e0n th\u00ec Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 qua x\u1eed l\u00fd trong th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn h\u01a1n nh\u01b0ng Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n r\u1ea5t quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn danh ti\u1ebfng ngh\u1ec1 c\u00e1 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00ean h\u1ecd ch\u1ecdn qu\u00e3ng th\u1eddi gian 30 n\u0103m ch\u1ee9 v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t an to\u00e0n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3 nhanh h\u01a1n th\u1ebf nhi\u1ec1u.<\/p>\n

H\u1ecd hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng, hi\u1ec7n nay \u0111a ph\u1ea7n ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn v\u1ec1 ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 m\u1ed9t c\u1ed1c n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a tritium \u1edf m\u1ee9c n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 an to\u00e0n nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ai d\u00e1m u\u1ed1ng c\u1ea3. \u0110\u1ea5y l\u00e0 v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t t\u00e2m l\u00fd, do m\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eadn l\u00e0 v\u1edbi n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 tritium nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf c\u1ed1c n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111em l\u1ea1i m\u1ee9c r\u1ee7i ro l\u00e0 bao nhi\u00eau. M\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng chi\u00eam nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1i r\u1ee7i ro m\u00e0 c\u1ed1c n\u01b0\u1edbc tritium \u0111em l\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 c\u00e1ch m\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi r\u1ee7i ro kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

V\u1eady t\u1ea1i sao v\u1eabn c\u00f2n c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u00fd ki\u1ebfn quan ng\u1ea1i t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 qu\u1ed1c gia ho\u1eb7c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y, th\u01b0a \u00f4ng?<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

T\u00f4i ngh\u0129 s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i l\u00e0 t\u1eeb c\u00e1c quan \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c nhau v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y, gi\u1eefa quan \u0111i\u1ec3m b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u1ef1c \u0111oan v\u1edbi c\u00e1c quan \u0111i\u1ec3m s\u1ed1ng h\u00e0i h\u00f2a. Ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0o c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng xung quanh.<\/p>\n

Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, t\u00f4i l\u01b0u \u00fd l\u00e0 n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00e1c nh\u00e2n ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 trong n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 qua x\u1eed l\u00fd kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00e0 nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n so v\u1edbi x\u1ea3 th\u1ea3i ra m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n hi\u1ec7n nay \u1edf Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 nhi\u1ec1u qu\u1ed1c gia kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n m\u1ee9c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a WHO v\u1ec1 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 trong n\u01b0\u1edbc u\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n

Xin c\u1ea3m \u01a1n \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 chia s\u1ebb!<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

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$\"\"$ \u1ee8ng c\u1ee9u s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 t\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n Fukushima sau th\u1ea3m h\u1ecda k\u00e9p \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t, s\u00f3ng th\u1ea7n. \u1ea2nh: AFP<\/em><\/p>\n
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M\u1ed9t tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t c\u01a1n s\u00f3ng th\u1ea7n v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 11\/3\/2011 \u0111\u00e3 \u1eadp xu\u1ed1ng nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n Fukushima, ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0m m\u00e1t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng s\u1ed1 1 v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 2. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n khi\u1ebfn cho c\u00e1c l\u00f5i l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng b\u1ecb n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0 l\u00e0m nhi\u1ec5m x\u1ea1 n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u00ean trong nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y v\u1edbi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 cao.<\/em><\/p>\n
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\u0110\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd tai n\u1ea1n n\u00e0y, c\u00f4ng ty qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n Tepco \u0111\u00e3 b\u01a1m n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n v\u00e0o l\u00e0m m\u00e1t c\u00e1c thanh nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u trong l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y khi\u1ebfn m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y, ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0m m\u00e1t c\u1ee7a Fukushima \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc nhi\u1ec5m x\u1ea1. Do \u0111\u00f3, Tepco \u0111\u00e3 l\u01b0u gi\u1eef n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y v\u00e0o h\u01a1n 1.000 th\u00f9ng ch\u1ee9a v\u1edbi kho\u1ea3ng 1,3 tri\u1ec7u t\u1ea5n n\u01b0\u1edbc, m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 b\u01a1m \u0111\u1ea7y 500 b\u1ec3 b\u01a1i \u0111\u1ea1t ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n Olympic.<\/em><\/p>\n
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Mark Foreman, m\u1ed9t chuy\u00ean gia h\u00f3a h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n \u1edf \u0110H C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Chalmers, Th\u1ee5y \u0110i\u1ec3n cho r\u1eb1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc x\u1ea3 th\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n t\u0103ng n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n m\u1ee9c hi\u1ec7n nay c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c li\u1ec1u ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 h\u1eb1ng n\u0103m t\u1eeb ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng x\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ee9a ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 \u0111\u00e3 qua x\u1eed l\u00fd ra bi\u1ec3n th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c tia X v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u1edf c\u00e1c ph\u00f2ng kh\u00e1m r\u0103ng ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c ph\u00f2ng chi\u1ebfu ch\u1ee5p b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n ung th\u01b0 v\u00fa, an to\u00e0n v\u1edbi c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0103n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ea3i s\u1ea3n.<\/em><\/p>\n
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Tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi tr\u00ean Nature v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 6\/2023, Jim Smith, m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ea1i \u0110H Portsmouth, Anh, n\u00f3i nguy c\u01a1 mang l\u1ea1i cho c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia xung quanh Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3. \u201cT\u00f4i lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n ng\u1eadp ng\u1eebng khi n\u00f3i nguy c\u01a1 b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng nh\u01b0ng th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t th\u00ec n\u00f3 r\u1ea5t g\u1ea7n v\u1edbi \u0111\u00f3\u201d, \u00f4ng n\u00f3i. \u201cH\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o g\u1ea7n [n\u01a1i x\u1ea3 th\u1ea3i] nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng 2.000 km\u201d.<\/em><\/p>\n
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\u201cN\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i ra ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t gi\u1ecdt n\u01b0\u1edbc trong \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng, theo ngh\u0129a c\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1eabn ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1, Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1ecb ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 c\u1ef1c th\u1ea5p nh\u01b0 v\u1eady l\u1ea1i t\u1ea1o ra \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1ea5t l\u1ee3i v\u1edbi s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe\u201d, chuy\u00ean gia b\u1ec7nh h\u1ecdc ph\u00e2n t\u1eed Gerry Thomas, \u0110H Ho\u00e0ng gia London tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi BBC.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n
Thanh Nh\u00e0n & nh\u00f3m c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Sau h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 l\u01b0u gi\u1eef v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc nhi\u1ec5m ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m m\u00e1t c\u00e1c l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng sau tai n\u1ea1n nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n Fukushima, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh x\u1ea3 d\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y ra bi\u1ec3n, b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 8\/2023. Quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":12135,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[26],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-11695","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tin-tong-hop"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11695","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11695"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11695\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12138,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11695\/revisions\/12138"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/12135"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11695"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11695"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11695"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}