{"id":14392,"date":"2024-01-18T21:25:26","date_gmt":"2024-01-18T14:25:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/?p=14392"},"modified":"2024-01-18T21:25:26","modified_gmt":"2024-01-18T14:25:26","slug":"hoi-sinh-nang-luong-hat-nhan-chau-au-se-bat-kip-my","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/hoi-sinh-nang-luong-hat-nhan-chau-au-se-bat-kip-my\/","title":{"rendered":"H\u1ed3i sinh n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n: Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u s\u1ebd b\u1eaft k\u1ecbp M\u1ef9"},"content":{"rendered":"

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T\u1ed5ng Gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i H\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, b\u00e0 Sama Bilbao y Le\u00f3n \u0111ang k\u00eau g\u1ecdi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh (decision makers)<\/em> thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u1ec1 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng m\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n mang l\u1ea1i, bao g\u1ed3m to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 chu\u1ed7i cung \u1ee9ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n kh\u00fac c\u00e1c l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng m\u00f4-\u0111un nh\u1ecf. Trong cu\u1ed9c ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n v\u1edbi Balkan Green Energy News, b\u00e0 b\u00e0y t\u1ecf l\u1ea1c quan khi ch\u00e2u \u00c2u n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 l\u00e0n s\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n m\u1edbi<\/strong>, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi cho bi\u1ebft ch\u00e2u \u00c2u s\u1ebd b\u1eaft k\u1ecbp c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh \u1edf Hoa K\u1ef3 v\u00e0 Canada<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

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C\u00e1c ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ty \u0111\u00e3 cam k\u1ebft t\u1ea1i H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb v\u1ec1 Bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i Kh\u00ed h\u1eadu c\u1ee7a Li\u00ean h\u1ee3p qu\u1ed1c COP28 s\u1ebd t\u0103ng g\u1ea5p ba c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n<\/strong> v\u00e0o gi\u1eefa th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 n\u00e0y, ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1 h\u1ed3i sinh c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh<\/strong>. C\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c2u h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1eadm l\u1ea1i trong v\u00e0i th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 qua, nh\u01b0ng th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u1ea5m d\u1ea7n l\u00ean khi v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2021, Li\u00ean minh ch\u00e2u \u00c2u \u0111\u01b0a n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n v\u00e0o B\u1ea3ng ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i xanh (green taxonomy<\/em>).<\/p>\n

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Theo b\u00e0 Sama Bilbao y Le\u00f3n, v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfn trong l\u1eadp ph\u00e1p g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, ch\u00e2u \u00c2u \u0111ang chuy\u1ec3n m\u00ecnh nh\u1eb1m theo k\u1ecbp nh\u1eefng \u01b0u \u00e1i m\u00e0 M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 Canada d\u00e0nh cho ng\u00e0nh n\u00e0y. Tuy nhi\u00ean, b\u00e0 nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c h\u01a1n n\u1eefa \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn t\u1edbi c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng c\u00e1cbon v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady 24\/7 v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3 ph\u1ea3i ch\u0103ng cho m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

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Sau \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u00e0i ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi T\u1ed5ng Gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i H\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, b\u00e0 Sama Bilbao y Le\u00f3n.<\/p>\n

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B\u1eafc M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u \u0111ang c\u1ea1nh tranh \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 kh\u1eed cacbon. Quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong><\/p>\n

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Nhi\u1ec1u qu\u1ed1c gia tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn ra, n\u1ebfu nghi\u00eam t\u00fac th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t m\u1ee9c ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i b\u1eb1ng 0, s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i xem x\u00e9t nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n. Cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ee9c t\u1ec9nh m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

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T\u1ea1i M\u1ef9, \u0110\u1ea1o lu\u1eadt Gi\u1ea3m l\u1ea1m ph\u00e1t<\/em> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c thi theo ki\u1ec3u t\u1eeb d\u01b0\u1edbi l\u00ean (bottom-up)<\/em>, \u0111em \u0111\u1ebfn \u01b0u \u0111\u00e3i cho t\u1eebng d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. Ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n, c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n s\u1ebd nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u1ee3 c\u1ea5p ho\u1eb7c t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ebf. Nh\u01b0ng ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 g\u00ec th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e1ng lo ng\u1ea1i l\u00e0, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n s\u1ebd mang l\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a r\u00f5 li\u1ec7u s\u1ebd t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i hay kh\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng c\u00e1c-bon v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady, cung c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec7n 24\/7 v\u00e0 v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3 ph\u1ea3i ch\u0103ng<\/em>.<\/p>\n

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C\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 \u1edf M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh th\u00eam \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft, \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau kh\u1eed c\u00e1c-bon.<\/strong><\/p>\n

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M\u1ef9 d\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf \u01b0u \u0111\u00e3i th\u00fa v\u1ecb cho ng\u00e0nh h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n m\u1edbi m\u00e0 c\u00f2n h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 chu tr\u00ecnh nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 chu\u1ed7i cung \u1ee9ng cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n

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Th\u1ee9 hai, c\u00e1c l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng m\u00f4-\u0111un nh\u1ecf (SMR) \u0111ang nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3.<\/p>\n

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\u0110i\u1ec3m quan tr\u1ecdng th\u1ee9 ba, M\u1ef9 th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn s\u00e2u s\u1eafc v\u1ec1 vai tr\u00f2 c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 m\u00e1y hi\u1ec7n nay v\u00e0 c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec m\u1ee9c c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

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Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u th\u00ec kh\u00e1c. C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn t\u1eeb tr\u00ean xu\u1ed1ng h\u01a1n (top-down). M\u1ed7i qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00e1c nhau, v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ri\u00eang v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n

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Nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch k\u00edch th\u00edch ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n<\/em> trong lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p ch\u00e2u \u00c2u kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p l\u1eafm v\u1edbi c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n. L\u01b0\u1ee3ng ti\u1ec1n c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng teo l\u1ea1i trong khi khung th\u1eddi gian kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p l\u1eafm.<\/p>\n

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SMR c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1ee3i t\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3, nh\u01b0ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng l\u1edbn c\u0169ng s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng.<\/p>\n

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M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho c\u00e1c l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng l\u1edbn l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong><\/p>\n

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Nh\u1eefng l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng l\u1edbn s\u1ebd c\u1ea7n c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh kh\u00e1c nhau. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u01a1 s\u1edf t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh (regulated asset base – RAB) <\/em>\u1edf V\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c Anh t\u1ea1o thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho c\u00e1c quan h\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c c\u00f4ng t\u01b0 h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n l\u1edbn h\u01a1n. Ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch (contracts for difference – CfD),<\/em> nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng nhi\u1ec1u.<\/p>\n

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Ngo\u00e0i ra, c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng mua b\u00e1n \u0111i\u1ec7n d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n (power purchase agreements – PPA)<\/em> khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0, b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh tr\u00e1i phi\u1ebfu xanh (green bonds).<\/em> Ontario \u1edf Canada \u0111ang g\u00e2y qu\u1ef9 cho n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n th\u00f4ng qua tr\u00e1i phi\u1ebfu xanh v\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd v\u01b0\u1ee3t m\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n

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Li\u00ean minh Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u n\u00ean t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y v\u00ec n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y.<\/p>\n

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EU c\u00f2n nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m ngo\u00e0i ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i xanh, c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lu\u1eadt g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00e1c?<\/strong><\/p>\n

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V\u00e2ng, kh\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u. C\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed \u0111i\u1ec7n quy d\u1eabn (levelized cost of electricity)<\/em> kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n chi ph\u00ed s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n. Hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0u ti\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed9ng, trong khi ph\u1ee5 t\u1ea3i c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn v\u1eabn c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng, do \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd c\u00f3 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng d\u01b0 th\u1eeba c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n k\u00e9m tin c\u1eady h\u01a1n v\u00e0 th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch \u0111i\u1ec7n s\u1eb5n c\u00f3.<\/p>\n

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Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u1edf EU \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch cho ph\u00e9p t\u00edch h\u1ee3p t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n?<\/strong><\/p>\n

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Ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n xem x\u00e9t chi ph\u00ed c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, nh\u1eefng g\u00ec c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nhau v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, linh ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u1ea3i ch\u0103ng cho m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

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C\u00e1c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang th\u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3. Trong nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, c\u00e1i sai th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n \u1edf ch\u1ed7 gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u1edbn h\u01a1n gi\u00e1 th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng. C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a kilowatt gi\u1edd cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 t\u1eeb kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed1t t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1eaft. V\u00ec v\u1eady, m\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t ta c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn \u201ctr\u00ean tr\u1eddi r\u01a1i xu\u1ed1ng\u201d, nh\u01b0ng m\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111ang kh\u00f4ng khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch m\u1ee9c t\u1ea3i c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady.<\/p>\n

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Nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf v\u1ec1 l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u00e0nh h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n?<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n, \u1edf c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u01b0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c, Th\u1ed5 Nh\u0129 K\u1ef3 v\u00e0 H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c, khung th\u1eddi gian trung b\u00ecnh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i m\u1edbi ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 5 ho\u1eb7c 6 n\u0103m. M\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u01b0u \u00fd l\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng g\u1ea7n c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1ee3i t\u1eeb m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng s\u1eb5n – \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf khi xem x\u00e9t h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf ch\u00ednh v\u1ec1 l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft l\u00e0 C\u00e1c Ti\u1ec3u v\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c \u1ea2 R\u1eadp Th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t s\u1ebd \u0111i t\u1eeb con s\u1ed1 0 l\u00ean 25% n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd ch\u1ec9 sau 12 n\u0103m. Bangladesh s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea1t 10% trong v\u00f2ng ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ea7y 10 n\u0103m.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t cao c\u1ee7a l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o.<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n r\u1ea5t linh ho\u1ea1t. C\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng 24\/7 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t. 75% c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t \u1edf Ph\u00e1p l\u00e0 h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u00ean xu\u1ed1ng c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t khi c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, SMR th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng gi\u1ea3m r\u1ea5t nhanh.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Ngo\u00e0i ra, c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 m\u00e1y h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec7t, ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 s\u01b0\u1edfi \u1ea5m khu v\u1ef1c ho\u1eb7c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao cho c\u00f4ng ty h\u00f3a d\u1ea7u, ho\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n hydro v\u00e0 amoniac. V\u00ec v\u1eady, b\u00e2y gi\u1edd ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh kinh doanh ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00e1c v\u00ec t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y s\u1ebd ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

C\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 ng\u00e0y nay nh\u1edd s\u1ef1 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00ed h\u00f3a to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

C\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i l\u00f9i l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc. C\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 ng\u00e0y nay v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00ed h\u00f3a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n giao th\u00f4ng v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng, v.v. Nhu c\u1ea7u s\u1ebd t\u0103ng l\u00ean.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i t\u00e1o b\u1ea1o, th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf v\u00e0 xem x\u00e9t t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn. C\u1ea7n l\u00ean k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1ec1 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, \u0111\u1ec3 xem ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i ch\u00e2u \u00c2u.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty ch\u00e2u \u00c2u c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ea1nh tranh v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 kh\u00f4ng? Sau l\u00e0n s\u00f3ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1m d\u1eebng, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ngo\u1ea1i l\u1ec7. \u0110\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e3 ra kh\u1ecfi th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng. C\u00f9ng l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty M\u1ef9 \u0111ang t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng v\u00e0o ch\u00e2u \u00c2u, t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng t\u00ean tu\u1ed5i c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n SMR nh\u01b0 NuScale Power cho \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00f4ng ty kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p.<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ty \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 t\u1eeb ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Hoa K\u1ef3 trong khi ch\u00e2u \u00c2u \u0111ang loay hoay m\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf. Nh\u01b0ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111ang c\u00f3 chuy\u1ec3n bi\u1ebfn t\u00edch c\u1ef1c, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 V\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c Anh, Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a S\u00e9c.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u s\u1ebd b\u1eaft k\u1ecbp th\u00f4i. Ngh\u1ecb vi\u1ec7n Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 th\u00f4ng qua B\u00e1o c\u00e1o S\u00e1ng ki\u1ebfn Ri\u00eang v\u1ec1 L\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng M\u00f4-\u0111un Nh\u1ecf, x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u, trong khi H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0nh chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i 0 r\u00f2ng.<\/p>\n

\n

T\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb COP28, 24 qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u00e3 k\u00fd Tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 t\u0103ng g\u1ea5p ba l\u1ea7n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2050. C\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau m\u1edbi?<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Sau tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng, h\u01a1n 120 c\u00f4ng ty \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch k\u00fd Cam k\u1ebft Ng\u00e0nh C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p H\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n Net Zero (Net Zero Nuclear Industry Pledge).<\/em> Gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y, c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch v\u1ec1 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o s\u00e2n ch\u01a1i b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00e1c-bon v\u00e0 c\u00e1c-bon th\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

B\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfp theo l\u00e0 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0. Nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n. H\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn k\u00e9o d\u00e0i 4 ho\u1eb7c 5 n\u0103m cho nhi\u1ec7m k\u1ef3 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7. C\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho ng\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n. Kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 chu\u1ed7i cung \u1ee9ng v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u1edbi chu tr\u00ecnh nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c m\u1ea3nh gh\u00e9p kh\u00e1c, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 SMR.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ea5p ph\u00e9p ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea9y nhanh nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 an to\u00e0n<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u th\u1ee9 ba l\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea5p ph\u00e9p. C\u00e1c ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i b\u00e1o hi\u1ec7u cho c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1eb1ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec3n khai m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ed1i \u01b0u. T\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean, c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea9y nhanh qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ea5p ph\u00e9p v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00e1c l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng m\u1edbi, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111i t\u1eaft v\u00e0 v\u1eabn ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 an to\u00e0n.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

T\u0103ng g\u1ea5p ba l\u1ea7n c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n<\/em> ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng m\u1edbi, 40 GW m\u1ed7i n\u0103m trong 25 n\u0103m – m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3, trong \u0111\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda s\u1ebd l\u00e0 l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda l\u00e0 l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng nh\u1ecf.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t k\u1ef3 t\u00edch to l\u1edbn. Hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, ch\u00fang ta m\u1edbi \u0111ang x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng 10 GW m\u1ed7i n\u0103m.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 ngay b\u00e2y gi\u1edd<\/strong> \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n n\u00e0y, v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng. Trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 r\u01b0\u1ee1i qua, l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb thu h\u1eb9p, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 \u1edf T\u00e2y \u00c2u, do kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ef1 \u00e1n m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec5n c\u1ea3nh n\u00e0o cho l\u00e0n s\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n m\u1edbi \u1edf \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c2u?<\/strong><\/p>\n

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Bulgaria v\u00e0 Romania \u0111ang xem x\u00e9t th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng hai l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng l\u1edbn t\u1ea1i m\u1ed7i n\u01b0\u1edbc\u2013 Croatia s\u1ebd l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng s\u1edf h\u1eefu v\u00e0 Serbia c\u0169ng l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 nhanh ch\u00f3ng hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 l\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee9c 0 r\u00f2ng v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2050 n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u00eam c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n.<\/p>\n

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Th\u1ed5 Nh\u0129 K\u1ef3 d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn s\u1ebd v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean trong n\u0103m nay. C\u1ea3 b\u1ed1n qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111ang t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t ho\u1eb7c \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n SMR.<\/p>\n

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Bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch: Ph\u1ea1m Th\u1ecb Thu Trang, Ban KH&QLKH<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

  T\u1ed5ng Gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i H\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, b\u00e0 Sama Bilbao y Le\u00f3n \u0111ang k\u00eau g\u1ecdi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh (decision makers) thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u1ec1 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng m\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n mang l\u1ea1i, bao g\u1ed3m to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 chu\u1ed7i cung \u1ee9ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n kh\u00fac c\u00e1c l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":14393,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[25],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-14392","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tin-quoc-te"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14392","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14392"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14392\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":14395,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14392\/revisions\/14395"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/14393"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14392"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=14392"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=14392"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}