G\u1ea7n 70% l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt khai th\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2050 s\u1ebd c\u1ea7n th\u00eam 19% n\u1eefa \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c cho d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u01b0\u1edbc hi\u1ec7n nay tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ch\u1ec9 d\u01b0\u1edbi 40%. V\u00ec v\u1eady, nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ea5p thi\u1ebft l\u00e0 n\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u0103ng n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e2y c\u00e0 ph\u00ea, n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng cho nhu c\u1ea7u ra hoa, \u0111\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 m\u00e0 c\u00f2n t\u0103ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00f4 h\u1ea1n v\u00e0 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y c\u00e0 ph\u00ea. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t T\u00e2y Nguy\u00ean, canh t\u00e1c c\u00e0 ph\u00ea ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu theo h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c th\u00e2m canh, \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u01b0\u1edbc cao, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 v\u00e0o c\u00e1c th\u00e1ng m\u00f9a kh\u00f4. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tra cho th\u1ea5y ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u01b0a h\u1ee3p l\u00fd, g\u00e2y t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t v\u00e0 c\u1ea1n ki\u1ec7t ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean n\u01b0\u1edbc. C\u00e1c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu di\u1ec5n ra ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd, l\u00e0m cho t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng gi\u1ea3m, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn nguy c\u01a1 thi\u1ebfu n\u01b0\u1edbc. C\u1ea7n c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u01b0\u1edbi ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 khoa h\u1ecdc k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nh\u1eb1m s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi \u0111em l\u1ea1i n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao. Theo k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7n Khoa h\u1ecdc K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt N\u00f4ng L\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p T\u00e2y Nguy\u00ean, n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e0 ph\u00ea \u1edf T\u00e2y Nguy\u00ean c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u01b0\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi nhu c\u1ea7u th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y c\u00e0 ph\u00ea. Trong khi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng khuy\u1ebfn c\u00e1o, k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u1edf m\u1ee9c 100 m^{3<\/sup>\/ ha\/l\u1ea7n t\u01b0\u1edbi. \u01af\u1edbc t\u00ednh m\u1ed7i n\u0103m, ng\u00e0nh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e0 ph\u00ea \u1edf T\u00e2y Nguy\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed tr\u00ean 180 tri\u1ec7u m^{3<\/sup> n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u01b0\u1edbi trong m\u00f9a kh\u00f4. Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u01b0\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft g\u00e2y l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed ngu\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7t, s\u1ee5t gi\u1ea3m m\u1ef1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ea7m, th\u1ea5t tho\u00e1t ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng trong \u0111\u1ea5t do r\u1eeda tr\u00f4i v\u00e0 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 kinh t\u1ebf trong canh t\u00e1c.<\/p>\n}}

L\u00e2m \u0110\u1ed3ng – m\u1ed9t trong c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh khu v\u1ef1c T\u00e2y Nguy\u00ean, l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ee9ng th\u1ee9 2 c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc (sau \u0110\u1eafk L\u1eafk) v\u1ec1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e2y c\u00e0 ph\u00ea. L\u00e2m \u0110\u1ed3ng c\u00f3 hai m\u00f9a r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t v\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u01b0a ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u trong n\u0103m. M\u01b0a t\u1eadp trung ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 5 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 11. Trong m\u00f9a kh\u00f4 t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 12 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 4 n\u0103m sau, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u01b0a kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn nguy c\u01a1 thi\u1ebfu n\u01b0\u1edbc nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng cho s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 nhu c\u1ea7u t\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eb1m t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u01b0\u1edbc trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 khu v\u1ef1c canh t\u00e1c th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf nh\u01b0 sinh l\u00fd c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng, c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00ed h\u1eadu, v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u1eef n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

M\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y, Vi\u1ec7n Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u201cNghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u01b0\u1edbc (WUE) cho c\u00e2y c\u00e0 ph\u00ea d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1ecb b\u1ec1n \u03b4^{13<\/sup>C\u201d <\/strong>v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 WUE d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1ecb b\u1ec1n \u03b4^{13<\/sup>C \u0111\u1ec3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa s\u1ef1 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 carbon c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y c\u00e0 ph\u00ea v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 th\u1ea5t tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 ra r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1ecb carbon b\u1ec1n v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a l\u00e1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft kh\u00f4 h\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e2y c\u00e0 ph\u00ea. Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1ecb b\u1ec1n carbon l\u00e0m ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb cho t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng h\u1ea1n h\u00e1n \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0: khi ph\u00e2n t\u00edch th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1ecb b\u1ec1n \u03b4^{13<\/sup>C trong l\u00e1 c\u00e2y, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e2y c\u00f3 b\u1ecb stress do \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00f4 h\u1ea1n hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n}}}

\u0110\u1ec1 t\u00e0i n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u tr\u00ean c\u00e2y c\u00e0 ph\u00ea Robusta t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t v\u01b0\u1eddn canh t\u00e1c t\u1ea1i huy\u1ec7n \u0110\u1ee9c Tr\u1ecdng, t\u1ec9nh L\u00e2m \u0110\u1ed3ng. M\u1eabu l\u00e1 c\u00e0 ph\u00ea \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu g\u00f3p theo nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ee3t kh\u00e1c nhau trong n\u0103m, m\u1eabu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5y theo m\u00f9a t\u01b0\u1edbi, ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 t\u01b0\u1edbi v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1ea7ng l\u00e1 c\u00e2y. C\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u01b0a, \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m trong khu v\u1ef1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu th\u1eadp th\u00f4ng qua thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb quan tr\u1eafc l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t t\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c so s\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu v\u1edbi c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u kh\u00ed t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a Tr\u1ea1m Quan tr\u1eafc kh\u00ed t\u01b0\u1ee3ng thu\u1ef7 v\u0103n huy\u1ec7n \u0110\u1ee9c Tr\u1ecdng, t\u1ec9nh L\u00e2m \u0110\u1ed3ng.<\/p>\n

D\u1ef1a v\u00e0o c\u00e1c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u vi kh\u00ed h\u1eadu (nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m v\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u01b0a) quan tr\u1eafc t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7, s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u03b4^{13<\/sup>C v\u00e0 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng carbon c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c m\u1eabu l\u00e1 c\u00e0 ph\u00ea, gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb t\u00ednh to\u00e1n h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t t\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 carbon \u0394^{13<\/sup>C v\u00e0 WUE t\u1ea1i v\u1ecb tr\u00ed nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, c\u00e1c ki\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan \u03b4^{13<\/sup>C, h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng carbon, WUE v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 vi kh\u00ed h\u1eadu. Ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u01b0\u1edbc WUE v\u00e0 \u03b4^{13<\/sup>C t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan d\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m v\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u01b0a; trong khi h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng carbon t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan \u00e2m. \u0110\u1ec1 t\u00e0i c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u01b0\u1edbc cho c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng theo m\u00f9a canh t\u00e1c. Qua kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t, \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u01b0\u1edbc theo th\u1eddi gian ch\u0103m s\u00f3c theo th\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ec3 theo d\u00f5i qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u01b0\u1edbc cho c\u00e2y sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1eeb t\u1ec9a c\u00e0nh v\u00e0 m\u1edbi thu ho\u1ea1ch, v\u00e0o m\u00f9a kh\u00f4 c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb WUE ~ 0,153 r\u1ed3i t\u0103ng l\u00ean v\u00e0o m\u00f9a m\u01b0a WUE ~ 2. V\u00e0o c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n canh t\u00e1c v\u00e0 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c c\u00e2y kh\u00e1c nhau, c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u01b0\u1edbc trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng.<\/p>\n}}}}

Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1ecb b\u1ec1n \u03b4^{13<\/sup>C trong m\u1eabu l\u00e1 c\u00e2y c\u00e0 ph\u00ea t\u1ea1i khu v\u1ef1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng t\u00ednh to\u00e1n ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u01b0\u1edbc theo th\u1eddi gian c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y c\u00e0 ph\u00ea v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 kh\u00ed h\u1eadu (nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u01b0a v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m) \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 th\u1ea5t tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y c\u00e0 ph\u00ea.<\/p>\n}

Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n, x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u01b0\u1edbi ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho c\u00e2y c\u00e0 ph\u00ea. Trong khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 kinh ph\u00ed \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i, nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u00e0y b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u03b4^{13<\/sup>C c\u1ee7a l\u00e1 c\u00e2y v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh WUE d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean \u03b4^{13<\/sup>C. Vi\u1ec7c kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t, \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y c\u00e0 ph\u00ea t\u1ea1i L\u00e2m \u0110\u1ed3ng n\u00f3i ri\u00eang v\u00e0 T\u00e2y Nguy\u00ean n\u00f3i chung c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e2y c\u00e0 ph\u00ea kh\u00e1c nhau, tr\u00ean c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9 tu\u1ed5i kh\u00e1c nhau v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00ed h\u1eadu kh\u00e1c nhau. Tr\u00ean c\u1edf s\u1edf \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u00e1c khuy\u1ebfn c\u00e1o gi\u00fap n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n v\u1ec1 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 t\u01b0\u1edbi sao cho hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a v\u01b0\u1eddn c\u00e0 ph\u00ea l\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u nh\u1ea5t, t\u0103ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 kinh t\u1ebf trong canh t\u00e1c c\u00e0 ph\u00ea v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i n\u00f4ng s\u1ea3n kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n}}