{"id":14706,"date":"2024-03-11T15:40:45","date_gmt":"2024-03-11T08:40:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/?p=14706"},"modified":"2024-03-11T15:45:36","modified_gmt":"2024-03-11T08:45:36","slug":"xa-tri-proton","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/xa-tri-proton\/","title":{"rendered":"X\u1ea1 tr\u1ecb Proton"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>B\u00e0i n\u00e0y gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p x\u1ea1 tr\u1ecb proton, m\u1ed9t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt x\u1ea1 tr\u1ecb thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o lo\u1ea1i ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nay. B\u00e0i t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p nh\u1eefng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u1ea1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p proton, tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y nh\u1eefng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u SWOT \u2013 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u1ea1nh, \u0111i\u1ec3m y\u1ebfu, nguy c\u01a1 v\u00e0 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia Iran v\u1ec1 li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p x\u1ea1 tr\u1ecb proton. C\u0169ng trong b\u00e0i n\u00e0y, t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 c\u0169ng tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y nh\u1eefng khuy\u1ebfn c\u00e1o c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia Iran v\u00e0 IAEA li\u00ean quan t\u1edbi nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i xem x\u00e9t tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n x\u1ea1 tr\u1ecb Proton. Ngo\u00e0i ra, t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u00f4ng tin t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh li\u00ean quan t\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n x\u1ea1 tr\u1ecb proton t\u1eeb c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 thu nh\u1eadp t\u1ea5p v\u00e0 trung b\u00ecnh (LMIC). Hy v\u1ecdng c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin n\u00e0y g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n c\u00f3 c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn \u0111a chi\u1ec1u v\u1ec1 li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p x\u1ea1 tr\u1ecb proton.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>I. X\u1ea1 tr\u1ecb Proton (PRT):<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>I.1. Li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p proton<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p x\u1ea1 tr\u1ecb proton l\u00e0 li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p x\u1ea1 tr\u1ecb ngo\u00e0i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u00f9m h\u1ea1t proton (h\u1ea1t mang \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch d\u01b0\u01a1ng) c\u00f3 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao t\u1eeb 160-230 MeV c\u00f3 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1eb1ng kho\u1ea3ng 70-80% t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng. Ch\u00f9m h\u1ea1t proton ph\u00e1t ra nh\u1edd m\u00e1y gia t\u1ed1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 cyclotron ho\u1eb7c synchrotron. L\u1ee3i th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p proton l\u00e0 t\u1eadp trung x\u1ea1 v\u00e0o v\u1ecb tr\u00ed kh\u1ed1i u v\u00e0 tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a tia x\u1ea1 t\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u00f4 l\u00e0nh xung quanh.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ngo\u00e0i ra, vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng x\u1ea1 tr\u1ecb proton c\u00f2n cho ph\u00e9p t\u0103ng li\u1ec1u t\u1ea1i kh\u1ed1i u m\u00e0 v\u1eabn \u00edt \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u00f4 xung quanh d\u1eabn t\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf c\u00e1c t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5 v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t sinh ung th\u01b0 m\u1edbi do chi\u1ebfu x\u1ea1 g\u00e2y ra, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi gi\u1ea3m th\u1eddi gian \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb, t\u0103ng ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><em><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-14707\" src=\"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/3.11.24.1-300x265.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"265\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/3.11.24.1-300x265.png 300w, https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/3.11.24.1-150x133.png 150w, https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/3.11.24.1.png 346w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/>X\u1ea1 tr\u1ecb Proton gi\u1ea3m li\u1ec1u t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 cho b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Hi\u1ec7n nay c\u00f3 2 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt x\u1ea1 tr\u1ecb proton ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn l\u00e0:<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt chi\u1ebfu x\u1ea1 b\u1eb1ng t\u00e1n x\u1ea1 k\u00e9p (double- scattering irradiation<\/strong>):\u00a0s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng 2 l\u00e1 t\u00e1n x\u1ea1 \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ch\u00f9m tia ph\u00e1t ra t\u1eeb m\u00e1y gia t\u1ed1c sau \u0111\u00f3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh ch\u00f9m tia theo chi\u1ec1u d\u1ecdc v\u00e0 chi\u1ec1u s\u00e2u \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ch\u00f9m proton bao tr\u1ecdn l\u00ean kh\u1ed1i u, kh\u00f4ng chi\u1ebfu ra c\u00e1c m\u00f4 l\u00e0nh xung quanh. K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu cho c\u00e1c kh\u1ed1i u l\u1edbn, n\u1eb1m \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u00edt g\u1ea7n c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u01b0 u gan, ph\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt qu\u00e9t ch\u00f9m \u0111i\u1ec3m (spot scanning irradiation<\/strong>):\u00a0ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u01a1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp ch\u00f9m tia ph\u00e1t ra t\u1eeb m\u00e1y gia t\u1ed1c chi\u1ebfu l\u00ean t\u1eebng \u0111i\u1ec3m tr\u00ean kh\u1ed1i u, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chi\u1ebfu x\u1ea1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u00ean k\u1ebft tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng kh\u1ed1i u do \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u0103ng li\u1ec1u cao khi chi\u1ebfu v\u00e0o gi\u1eefa kh\u1ed1i u v\u00e0 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf t\u1ed1i \u0111a vi\u1ec7c chi\u1ebfu v\u00e0o c\u00e1c m\u00f4 l\u00e0nh. K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.vinmec.com\/vi\/tin-tuc\/thong-tin-suc-khoe\/suc-khoe-tong-quat\/u-nao-nhung-dieu-can-biet\/\">u n\u00e3o<\/a>, u \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ed5, ung th\u01b0 \u1edf tr\u1ebb em,&#8230;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Tuy nhi\u00ean c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n ung th\u01b0 m\u00e0 c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 nh\u01b0 b\u1ec7nh b\u1ea1ch c\u1ea7u,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.vinmec.com\/vi\/ung-buou-xa-tri\/thong-tin-suc-khoe\/benh-lymphoma-lien-quan-den-aids\/?link_type=related_posts\">b\u1ec7nh lymphoma<\/a>\u00a0\u00e1c t\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p proton \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>I.2 \u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p proton trong \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Trong x\u1ea1 tr\u1ecb truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u00f9m photon (h\u1ea1t kh\u00f4ng mang \u0111i\u1ec7n) \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb tia X khi \u0111i qua kh\u1ed1i u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i cho c\u00e1c m\u00f4 v\u00e0 c\u01a1 quan kh\u1ecfe m\u1ea1nh xung quanh v\u00fa g\u00e2y h\u1ecfng m\u00f4 tim ho\u1eb7c ph\u1ed5i. Do \u0111\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p proton gi\u00fap x\u1ea1 tr\u1ecb ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c h\u01a1n, t\u1eadp trung c\u00e1c ch\u00f9m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0o kh\u1ed1i u m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3 \u0111i qua c\u00e1c m\u00f4 b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p proton c\u00e0ng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i khi\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.vinmec.com\/vi\/benh\/ung-thu-vu-2924\/\">ung th\u01b0 v\u00fa<\/a>\u00a0\u1edf b\u00ean tr\u00e1i v\u00e0 g\u1ea7n tim. Li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p proton th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh cho c\u00e1c d\u1ea1ng ung th\u01b0 v\u00fa sau:<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>Ung th\u01b0 v\u00fa giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 1,2,3;<\/li>\n<li>C\u00f3 th\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 estrogen v\u00e0 progesterone d\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00ednh ho\u1eb7c \u00e2m t\u00ednh;<\/li>\n<li>HER2 d\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00ednh ho\u1eb7c \u00e2m t\u00ednh; ung th\u01b0 v\u00fa c\u00f3 vi\u00eam nhi\u1ec5m; ung th\u01b0 bi\u1ec3u m\u00f4 \u1ed1ng t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7; ung th\u01b0 bi\u1ec3u m\u00f4 \u1ed1ng x\u00e2m l\u1ea5n;ung th\u01b0 bi\u1ec3u m\u00f4 ti\u1ec3u thu\u1ef3 x\u00e2m l\u1ea5n;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Tuy nhi\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng x\u1ea1 proton c\u0169ng v\u1eabn s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>Tu\u1ed5i t\u00e1c, s\u1ee9c kho\u1ebb t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3; giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ung th\u01b0 v\u00fa; lo\u1ea1i ung th\u01b0 v\u00fa; c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u1ed1i u; c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ung th\u01b0 v\u00fa tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Khi n\u00e0o ch\u00fang ta n\u00ean xem x\u00e9t li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p proton?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p proton n\u00ean xem x\u00e9t cho c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n sau:<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>B\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n tr\u1ebb tu\u1ed5i, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 tr\u1ebb em, v\u00ec nguy c\u01a1 m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh ung th\u01b0 th\u1ee9 hai s\u1ebd \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb li\u1ec1u cao h\u01a1n;<\/li>\n<li>C\u00e1c kh\u1ed1i u kh\u00e1ng tia x\u1ea1 c\u1ea7n t\u0103ng li\u1ec1u, v\u00ed d\u1ee5: chordoma, chondrosarcoma;<\/li>\n<li>C\u00e1c kh\u1ed1i u \u1edf nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac quan tr\u1ecdng g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f3, v\u00ed d\u1ee5: ung th\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ed5, u n\u00e3o;<\/li>\n<li>Khi li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u0103ng v\u1ecdt v\u1edbi x\u1ea1 tr\u1ecb th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5 h\u01a1n, v\u00ed d\u1ee5: chi\u1ebfu x\u1ea1 s\u1ecd n\u00e3o.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1ea5t, li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p ch\u00f9m tia proton \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ung th\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 c\u1ed5, nh\u01b0ng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eafm \u0111\u00edch v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ung th\u01b0 c\u1ed9t s\u1ed1ng, v\u00fa, sarcoma, n\u00e3o v\u00e0 tuy\u1ebfn ti\u1ec1n li\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>I.3 Nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd khi \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p x\u1ea1 tr\u1ecb Proton<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u SWOT ( \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u1ea1nh, \u0111i\u1ec3m y\u1ebfu, th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i) v\u1ec1 x\u1ea1 tr\u1ecb Proton c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia IRAN \u0111\u0103ng tr\u00ean <a href=\"#_ftn1\" name=\"_ftnref1\"><strong>[1]<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-14708 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/3.11.24.2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"878\" height=\"486\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/3.11.24.2.jpg 878w, https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/3.11.24.2-300x166.jpg 300w, https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/3.11.24.2-150x83.jpg 150w, https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/3.11.24.2-768x425.jpg 768w, https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/3.11.24.2-696x385.jpg 696w, https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/3.11.24.2-759x420.jpg 759w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 878px) 100vw, 878px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">10 c\u00e2n nh\u0103\u0301c ch\u00ednh li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n PRT d\u01b0\u0323a tr\u00ean quan \u0111i\u00ea\u0309m cu\u0309a c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia xa\u0323 tri\u0323 Iran (k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch SWOT) v\u00e0 c\u00e1c khuy\u00ea\u0301n nghi\u0323 cu\u0309a IAEA \u0111\u00f4\u0301i v\u01a1\u0301i vi\u1eb9\u0302c th\u00e0nh l\u1ea1\u0302p d\u1ef1 \u00e1n PBT (x\u1ea1 tr\u1ecb Proton) \u01a1\u0309 Iran \u0111u\u031b\u01a1\u0323c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y<strong><sup>1<\/sup><\/strong>:<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>Tru\u031b\u01a1\u0301c khi th\u00e0nh l\u1ea1\u0302p co\u031b s\u01a1\u0309 PBT, pha\u0309i tu\u00e2n thu\u0309 vi\u1eb9\u0302c ph\u00e2n ph\u00f4\u0301i \u0111\u00f4\u0300ng \u0111\u00ea\u0300u ho\u031bn c\u00e1c thi\u00ea\u0301t bi\u0323\/co\u031b s\u01a1\u0309 xa\u0323 tri\u0323 ti\u00eau chu\u00e2\u0309n (v\u01a1\u0301i m\u00e1y \u0111i\u00ea\u0300u tri\u0323 linac hi\u1eb9\u0302n \u0111a\u0323i) tr\u00ean to\u00e0n qu\u00f4\u0301c \u0111\u00ea\u0309 vi\u1eb9\u0302c l\u0103\u0301p \u0111\u1ea1\u0306t m\u00e1y tri\u0323 li\u1eb9\u0302u proton tr\u01a1\u0309 n\u00ean h\u01a1\u0323p l\u00fd ho\u031bn.<\/li>\n<li>D\u01b0\u0323 \u00e1n PBT n\u00ean \u0111u\u031b\u01a1\u0323c c\u00f4ng nh\u1ea1\u0302n v\u00e0 chia se\u0309 v\u01a1\u0301i &#8216;t\u00e2\u0301t ca\u0309&#8217; c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 \u0111\u00e2\u0300u tu\u031b trong nu\u031b\u01a1\u0301c c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan.<\/li>\n<li>Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00ea\u0300 nghi\u0323 t\u00e2\u0301t ca\u0309 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 \u0111\u00e2\u0300u tu\u031b li\u00ean quan v\u00e0 co\u031b quan qua\u0309n l\u00fd qu\u00f4\u0301c gia c\u00f3 ky\u0303 na\u0306ng qua\u0309n l\u00fd c\u00e2\u0300n thi\u00ea\u0301t n\u00ean tham gia v\u00e0o bu\u031b\u01a1\u0301c b\u0103\u0301t \u0111\u00e2\u0300u cu\u0309a d\u01b0\u0323 \u00e1n PBT.<\/li>\n<li>C\u1ea7n c\u00f3 c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m ch\u00ednh nh\u01b0 b\u00e1c si\u0303 xa\u0323 tr\u1ecb, nh\u00e0 v\u1ea1\u0302t l\u00fd y khoa, qua\u0309n tri\u0323 vi\u00ean y t\u00ea\u0301 c\u00f3 ky\u0303 na\u0306ng \u0111a ng\u00e0nh v\u00e0 kinh nghi\u1eb9\u0302m \u0111\u1ea1\u0306c bi\u1eb9\u0302t.<\/li>\n<li>N\u00ean th\u01b0\u0323c hi\u1eb9\u0302n m\u1ecd\u0302t nghi\u00ean c\u01b0\u0301u to\u00e0n di\u1eb9\u0302n tru\u031b\u01a1\u0301c khi b\u0103\u0301t \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 m\u1ecd\u0302t d\u01b0\u0323 \u00e1n PBT m\u01a1\u0301i (bao g\u00f4\u0300m di\u0323ch t\u00ea\u0303 ho\u0323c v\u00e0 chi\u0309 \u0111i\u0323nh v\u00ea\u0300 ung thu\u031b, v\u00e2\u0301n \u0111\u00ea\u0300 ti\u00ea\u0301p c\u1ea1\u0302n, k\u00ea\u0301t n\u00f4\u0301i v\u01a1\u0301i b\u1eb9\u0302nh vi\u1eb9\u0302n ung thu\u031b v\u00e0 hi\u1eb9\u0302p h\u1ecd\u0302i khoa ho\u0323c v\u00e0 chuy\u00ean ng\u00e0nh).<\/li>\n<li>B\u0103\u0301t bu\u1ecd\u0302c pha\u0309i c\u00f3 chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n tru\u031b\u01a1\u0301c v\u00ea\u0300 xa\u0323 tri\u0323 th\u00f4ng thu\u031b\u01a1\u0300ng (v\u00ed du\u0323 Xa\u0323 tri\u0323 \u0111i\u00ea\u0300u chi\u0309nh c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ecd\u0302 (IMRT)) tru\u031b\u01a1\u0301c khi th\u00e0nh l\u1ea1\u0302p m\u1ecd\u0302t trung t\u00e2m PBT m\u01a1\u0301i, nh\u01b0 m\u1ecd\u0302t trung t\u00e2m xa\u0323 tri\u0323 ti\u00ean ti\u00ea\u0301n.<\/li>\n<li>Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ea1\u0306c bi\u1eb9\u0302t khuy\u00ea\u0301n nghi\u0323 \u0111\u00e0o ta\u0323o t\u00e2\u0301t ca\u0309 nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean tri\u0323 li\u1eb9\u0302u b\u0103\u0300ng ha\u0323t, bao g\u00f4\u0300m b\u00e1c si\u0303 xa\u0323 tr\u1ecb, nh\u00e0 v\u1ea1\u0302t l\u00fd y khoa, nh\u00e0 sinh ho\u0323c b\u1ee9c xa\u0323 v\u00e0 y t\u00e1 xa\u0323 tri\u0323. Ho\u031bn n\u01b0\u0303a, \u0111\u00e0o ta\u0323o t\u01b0\u0300 xa (e-learning), giao ti\u00ea\u0301p v\u00e0 ho\u0323c b\u00f4\u0309ng th\u01b0\u0323c t\u00ea\u0301 \u0111\u00ea\u0300u r\u00e2\u0301t c\u00e2\u0300n thi\u00ea\u0301t v\u00e0 pha\u0309i \u0111u\u031b\u01a1\u0323c ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh th\u00f4ng qua \u0111\u00e0o ta\u0323o n\u1ecd\u0302i b\u1ecd\u0302.<\/li>\n<li>Khuy\u00ea\u0301n nghi\u0323 t\u00e2\u0301t ca\u0309 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 cung c\u00e2\u0301p PBT, bao g\u00f4\u0300m c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty, nh\u00e0 ph\u00e2n ph\u00f4\u0301i v\u00e0 \u0111a\u0323i l\u00fd xem x\u00e9t c\u00e1c kh\u00f3a \u0111\u00e0o ta\u0323o kh\u00e1c nhau li\u00ean quan \u0111\u00ea\u0301n PBT.<\/li>\n<li>\u0110\u00f4\u0301i v\u01a1\u0301i c\u00e1c nu\u031b\u01a1\u0301c \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u00ea\u0309n, m\u00e1y gia t\u00f4\u0301c ha\u0323t nho\u0309 go\u0323n (cyclotron v\u00e0 synchrotron) \u0111u\u031b\u01a1\u0323c u\u031ba chu\u1ecd\u0302ng ho\u031bn do chi ph\u00ed th\u00e2\u0301p ho\u031b<\/li>\n<li>Cu\u00f4\u0301i c\u00f9ng, trong khi \u01a1\u0309 c\u00e1c nu\u031b\u01a1\u0301c thu nh\u1ea1\u0302p th\u00e2\u0301p v\u00e0 trung b\u00ecnh (LMIC), ty\u0309 l\u1eb9\u0302 s\u01b0\u0309 du\u0323ng xa\u0323 tri\u0323 se\u0303 cao ho\u031bn, s\u00f4\u0301 \u0111\u01a1\u0323t \u0111i\u00ea\u0300u tri\u0323 tr\u00ean m\u00f4\u0303i m\u00e1y se\u0303 cao ho\u031bn v\u00e0 ty\u0309 l\u1eb9\u0302 t\u00e1i \u0111i\u00ea\u0300u tri\u0323 cu\u0303ng se\u0303 th\u00e2\u0301p ho\u031bn. V\u00ec v\u1ea1\u0302y, c\u00f3 th\u00ea\u0309 d\u01b0\u0323 \u0111o\u00e1n s\u00f4\u0301 lu\u031b\u01a1\u0323ng m\u00e1y xa\u0323 tri\u0323 se\u0303 ta\u0306ng l\u00ean \u0111\u00ea\u0309 \u0111\u00e1p \u01b0\u0301ng nhu c\u00e2\u0300u cu\u0309a ngu\u031b\u01a1\u0300i b\u1eb9\u0302nh.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>Chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 cho c\u01a1 s\u1edf PBT \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng 140 tri\u1ec7u euro<\/em><em> cho 1 c\u01a1 s\u1edf g\u1ed3m 4-5 ph\u00f2ng)<\/em><em>; \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 v\u1ebb kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi LMIC<\/em><em> (c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 thu nh\u1eadp th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 trung b\u00ecnh)<\/em>. Ho\u1eb7c 40 tri\u1ec7u US $ cho m\u1ed9t trung t\u00e2m PRT m\u1ed9t ph\u00f2ng \u0111\u01a1n. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn h\u1ee3p l\u00fd ngay c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 thu nh\u1eadp cao (HIC). L\u1ee3i th\u1ebf v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd, GDP, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 nhu c\u1ea7u cao v\u1ec1 RT c\u1ee7a Mexico<strong><a href=\"#_ftn2\" name=\"_ftnref2\">[2]<\/a><\/strong> \u00a0khi\u1ebfn n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t \u1ee9ng c\u1eed vi\u00ean l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, m\u1ed9t trung t\u00e2m PBT nh\u01b0 v\u1eady s\u1ebd chi\u1ebfm kho\u1ea3ng 1\/3 chi ti\u00eau y t\u1ebf h\u00e0ng n\u0103m c\u1ee7a Mexico v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2021 (31,700 tri\u1ec7u US $). C\u1ea3 khu v\u1ef1c t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p kinh ph\u00ed.<a href=\"#_ftn3\" name=\"_ftnref3\"><strong>[3]<\/strong><\/a> Ngo\u00e0i ra, c\u00f2n c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn chi ph\u00ed b\u1ea3o h\u00e0nh h\u00e0ng n\u0103m, chi ph\u00ed v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean\u2026<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng, \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n x\u1ea1 tr\u1ecb proton th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang ta c\u00f2n c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ea3i chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb, t\u1eeb c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch, t\u1edbi ngu\u1ed3n v\u1ed1n v\u00e0 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb ngu\u1ed3n nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c. <strong><em>Ngay c\u1ea3 khi vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o c\u01a1 s\u1edf v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng c\u00f3 v\u1ebb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi \u00a0l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tr\u1edf ng\u1ea1i quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t, th\u00ec vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 chuy\u00ean gia y t\u1ebf v\u00e0 c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ee7 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1eb1m cung c\u1ea5p ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb, ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n an to\u00e0n, b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 x\u1ea1 tr\u1ecb, c\u0169ng s\u1ebd l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn n\u1ebfu x\u00e9t \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\"><strong>[1]<\/strong><\/a> A Comprehensive Survey of Proton Beam Therapy Research and Development in Iran<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Frontiers in Biomedical Technologies Vol. 8, No. 1 (2021) 9-19; DOI: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18502\/fbt.v8i1.5853<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref2\" name=\"_ftn2\"><strong>[2]<\/strong><\/a> Mexico c\u00f3 d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 l\u00e0 126 tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi (2021); GDP kho\u1ea3ng 2,4 trillion U.S. dollars (2021); GDP (PPP) tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi: 18,804 U.S. dollars.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref3\" name=\"_ftn3\"><strong>[3]<\/strong><\/a> Proton Therapy in Lower-Middle-Income Countries: From Facts and Reality to Desire, Challenges and Limitations<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.intechopen.com\/predownload\/75221\">https:\/\/www.intechopen.com\/predownload\/75221<\/a>;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">DOI: http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.5772\/intechopen.95984.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><strong>TS. \u0110\u1eb7ng Thanh L\u01b0\u01a1ng, Tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Nguy\u1ec5n T\u1ea5t Th\u00e0nh<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>B\u00e0i n\u00e0y gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p x\u1ea1 tr\u1ecb proton, m\u1ed9t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt x\u1ea1 tr\u1ecb thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o lo\u1ea1i ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nay. B\u00e0i t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p nh\u1eefng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u1ea1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p proton, tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y nh\u1eefng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u SWOT \u2013 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u1ea1nh, \u0111i\u1ec3m y\u1ebfu, nguy c\u01a1 v\u00e0 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":14707,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[26],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-14706","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tin-tong-hop"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14706","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14706"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14706\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":14712,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14706\/revisions\/14712"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/14707"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14706"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=14706"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=14706"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}