{"id":15022,"date":"2024-04-23T14:15:13","date_gmt":"2024-04-23T07:15:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/?p=15022"},"modified":"2024-04-23T14:25:46","modified_gmt":"2024-04-23T07:25:46","slug":"chuyen-doi-tu-dien-than-sang-dien-hat-nhan-cau-chuyen-cua-hoa-ky-co-goi-y-cho-viet-nam","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/chuyen-doi-tu-dien-than-sang-dien-hat-nhan-cau-chuyen-cua-hoa-ky-co-goi-y-cho-viet-nam\/","title":{"rendered":"Chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec7n than sang \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n – C\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a Hoa K\u1ef3, c\u00f3 g\u1ee3i \u00fd cho Vi\u1ec7t Nam?"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Xu h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eebng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n than c\u0169 do ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch chuy\u1ec3n d\u1ecbch sang n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea1ch nh\u1eb1m b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111ang lan t\u1ecfa \u1edf r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u qu\u1ed1c gia. T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n than v\u00e0o s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng gi\u1ea3m, n\u0103m 2023 \u0111i\u1ec7n than \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p 675 t\u1ef7 kWh, v\u00e0 ch\u00fang \u0111ang d\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thay th\u1ebf b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c (s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00ed t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, ho\u1eb7c n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o).<\/p>\n

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N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u1ea1ch r\u1ea5t ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho vai tr\u00f2 thay th\u1ebf c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n than. \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 c\u00e1c l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n d\u1ea1ng m\u00f4-\u0111un c\u1ee1 nh\u1ecf (SMR) thay th\u1ebf cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n than \u0111\u00e3 c\u0169, ho\u1eb7c d\u1eebng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111ang l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng gi\u00fap m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i cacbon c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u1ea3 thi.<\/p>\n

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B\u00e1o c\u00e1o \u201c\u0110i\u1ec1u tra v\u1ec1 l\u1ee3i \u00edch v\u00e0 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y than ng\u1eebng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng sang nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n\u201d \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c B\u1ed9 N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Hoa K\u1ef3 (DOE) th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2022. C\u00e1c nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a DOE \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 OR-SAGE k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 GIS \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 v\u00e0 s\u00e0ng l\u1ecdc c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u ti\u00eau ch\u00ed kh\u00e1c nhau bao g\u1ed3m: M\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e2n s\u1ed1, ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ea5n, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ng\u1eadp l\u1ee5t v\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch g\u1ea7n v\u1edbi ngu\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0m m\u00e1t, c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i nguy hi\u1ec3m trong b\u00e1n k\u00ednh 0,8km \u0111\u1ebfn 1,6km \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00ednh ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn. C\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 n\u00e0y mang l\u1ea1i t\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n m\u00e0 c\u00f2n cho c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

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K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 157 \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y than \u0111\u00e3 ng\u1eebng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 237 \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y than \u0111ang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u1ee9ng c\u1eed vi\u00ean ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i. 80% trong s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn (bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 vi\u1ec7c trang b\u1ecb th\u00eam t\u1ed5 m\u00e1y h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y than hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh, ho\u1eb7c ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t l\u1edbn).<\/p>\n

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B\u1ea3ng d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n than c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem x\u00e9t khi chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i sang nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n:<\/p>\n

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B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m, DOE \u0111\u00e3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00e1c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u1edf khu v\u1ef1c Trung T\u00e2y Hoa K\u1ef3 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c k\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a NuScale v\u00e0 TerraPower. C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty n\u00e0y \u0111ang n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i h\u00f3a v\u00e0 tri\u1ec3n khai c\u00e1c l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng SMR v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m (c\u00f3 m\u1ee9c v\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 ban \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 t\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m cao h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t l\u1edbn truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng).<\/p>\n

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TerraPower \u0111ang c\u00f3 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n tr\u00ecnh di\u1ec5n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng mu\u1ed1i Natri g\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n than s\u1eafp ng\u1eebng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf Kemmerer, bang Wyoming. \u0110\u00e2y s\u1ebd l\u00e0 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a Hoa K\u1ef3.<\/p>\n

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T\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m t\u1eeb 15% \u0111\u1ebfn 35% khi so s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1edbi nh\u1edd vi\u1ec7c t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n than. Nh\u1eefng t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3, c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n than (\u0111\u1ea5u n\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n, tr\u1ea1m ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i v.v…), h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng cung c\u1ea5p n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0m m\u00e1t, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kh\u1eed kho\u00e1ng, n\u01b0\u1edbc d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00f2ng ch\u00e1y ch\u1eefa ch\u00e1y v\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng d\u00e2n d\u1ee5ng (nh\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u00e1 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00f2a nh\u00e0).<\/p>\n

$\"\"$ S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng khi chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1eeb nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n than sang nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n (Ngu\u1ed3n: Internet).<\/em><\/p>\n

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K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n cho tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p thay th\u1ebf m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n than c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t 1.200 MWe b\u1eb1ng l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n 924 MWe c\u1ee7a NuScale cho th\u1ea5y: D\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00eam 650 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m m\u1edbi l\u00e2u d\u00e0i cho \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 \u0111em l\u1ea1i 275 tri\u1ec7u USD nh\u1edd c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kinh t\u1ebf m\u1edbi. Nh\u1eefng ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p s\u1ebd thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ee3i \u00edch l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t t\u1eeb qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1eeb than sang h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n (bao g\u1ed3m k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n, nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng, k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt vi\u00ean h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n, \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 an ninh, gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t v.v…). C\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n n\u00e0y c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1ee3i t\u1eeb l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m trong c\u00e1c c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng xung quanh c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n than ng\u1eebng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n

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Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a b\u00e1o c\u00e1o \u0111\u00e3 n\u00eau b\u1eadt nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c, c\u00f9ng nh\u01b0 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng ng\u00e0nh than trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i sang c\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp.<\/p>\n

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$\"\"$ S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p BLS v\u00e0 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p IMPLAN cho th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3m 150 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m trong ng\u00e0nh than v\u00e0 gia t\u0103ng 350 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m trong ng\u00e0nh h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n. [2]<\/em><\/p>\n

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Theo B\u1ed9 N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Hoa K\u1ef3: Hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 t\u1edbi 11 bang c\u00f4ng khai b\u00e0y t\u1ecf s\u1ef1 quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n than c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd cho n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n. Nh\u1eefng ti\u1ec3u bang n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m: Arizona, Colorado, Kentucky, Maryland, Montana, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, Utah, West Virginia, Wyoming v\u00e0 Wisconsin. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1eeb than sang h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u0103ng t\u1ed5ng c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n \u1edf Hoa K\u1ef3 l\u00ean h\u01a1n 350 GW so v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i l\u00e0 95 GW v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfm m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n s\u1ea1ch c\u1ee7a qu\u1ed1c gia n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

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G\u1ee3i \u00fd hay cho Vi\u1ec7t Nam trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai g\u1ea7n:<\/strong><\/p>\n

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Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u0169ng \u0111ang trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd nh\u1eb1m gi\u1ea3m \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed, gi\u1ea3m ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng theo c\u00e1c cam k\u1ebft v\u1edbi c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n

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Vi\u1ec7c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Vi\u1ec7t Nam nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc. C\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 cho th\u1ea5y nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m \u01b0u vi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n. Trong \u0111\u00f3 bao g\u1ed3m s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i kh\u00ed nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh khi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n \u0111ang c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n nh\u01b0 vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ea3i vay v\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn, s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i, ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u, lo ng\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 an to\u00e0n b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n khi s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 v.v\u2026 \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i d\u1eebng ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 2016. Sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c h\u1ee7y b\u1ecf \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n.<\/p>\n

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Quy tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m cho nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n hi\u1ec7n r\u1ea5t ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd v\u00e0 ch\u01b0a ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t l\u00f2 to, hay nh\u1ecf. Nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang ta th\u1ea5y, g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n m\u00f4 \u0111un nh\u1ecf (SMR) \u0111ang l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00fang ta xem x\u00e9t vi\u1ec7c thay th\u1ebf c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n than c\u0169 b\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n

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Do \u0111\u00f3, chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1eeb nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n than sang nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n – c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a Hoa K\u1ef3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng g\u1ee3i \u00fd hay cho Vi\u1ec7t Nam trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai g\u1ea7n.\/.<\/p>\n

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Ph\u1ea1m \u0110\u1ee9c Trung (T\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p, l\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch)<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o:<\/strong><\/p>\n

[1] PowerEngineering. DOE study finds hundreds of U.S. coal plants could convert to nuclear.\u00a0https:\/\/www.power-eng.com\/nuclear\/doe-study-finds-hundreds-of-u-s-coal-plants-could-convert-to-nuclear\/<\/a><\/p>\n

[2] DOE. Investigating Benefits and Challenges of Converting Retiring Coal Plants into Nuclear Plants.\u00a0 https:\/\/fuelcycleoptions.inl.gov\/SiteAssets\/SitePages\/Home\/C2N2022Report.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n

[3] PowerEngineering. Nearly a dozen U.S. states considering coal-to-nuclear transitions.\u00a0 https:\/\/www.power-eng.com\/nuclear\/nearly-a-dozen-u-s-ten-states-considering-coal-to-nuclear-transitions\/<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"