![\"\"](\"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/1-14.jpg\")
<\/p>\nTS. Tr\u1ea7n Ch\u00ed Th\u00e0nh t\u1ea1i bu\u1ed5i h\u1ecdp b\u00e1o th\u01b0\u1eddng k\u1ef3 q\u00fay 2\/2024 do B\u1ed9 Khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c. (\u1ea2nh: Vinatom)<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n Nh\u1eefng nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng v\u1ec1 l\u00fd do ch\u00ednh m\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111ang d\u1ea7n t\u1eeb b\u1ecf \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n, trong khi c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111ang ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u00e0y?<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u00d4ng Tr\u1ea7n Ch\u00ed Th\u00e0nh: Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i n\u01b0\u1edbc hi\u1ec7n nay c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 \u0110\u1ee9c l\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc duy nh\u1ea5t ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c t\u1eeb b\u1ecf \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n. Ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch b\u1ecf \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c c\u00f3 t\u1eeb l\u00e2u, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu do li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb. Hi\u1ec7n nay gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec7n \u1edf \u0110\u1ee9c cao nh\u1ea5t ch\u00e2u \u00c2u, g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 cao g\u1ea5p ba so v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u1edf Ph\u00e1p. Khi thi\u1ebfu \u0111i\u1ec7n (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 khi ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o ph\u00e1t kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7), \u0110\u1ee9c v\u1eabn mua \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb Ph\u00e1p. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u01b0 Th\u1ee5y \u0110i\u1ec3n, hay Th\u1ee5y S\u1ef9 v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c duy tr\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n. Ph\u00e1p l\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n v\u1edbi t\u1ef7 tr\u1ecdng kho\u1ea3ng h\u01a1n 70% t\u1ed5ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e1t ra, do y\u00eau c\u1ea7u th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf v\u1ec1 an ninh n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng (kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n chi\u1ebfm t\u1ef7 tr\u1ecdng l\u1edbn), n\u00ean v\u00e0i n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u00e1p c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ebd xem x\u00e9t gi\u1ea3m t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n xu\u1ed1ng (d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn gi\u1ea3m xu\u1ed1ng 50%).<\/p>\n <\/p>\n B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, Ph\u00e1p \u0111ang tri\u1ec3n khai m\u1ea1nh c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n t\u1ea1i n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t t\u1ea1i Anh Qu\u1ed1c. Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n sau khi c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 Fukushima \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eeda t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 54 t\u1ed5 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 an to\u00e0n, sau \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ea5p ph\u00e9p ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecf \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n. Hi\u1ec7n nay Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 t\u00e1i kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 \u0111ang v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh 12 l\u00f2 h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n. Theo Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng hi\u1ec7n nay c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n s\u1ebd duy tr\u00ec \u1edf m\u1ee9c 20-22%, h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf t\u1ed1i \u0111a nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n than, \u0111\u1ebfn 2030 s\u1ebd \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eeda kho\u1ea3ng 100 t\u1ed5 m\u00e1y nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n than. \u0110i\u1ec7n t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o, \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00ed h\u00f3a l\u1ecfng (LNG) v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n s\u1ebd l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n C\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u l\u00fd do, t\u00f9y t\u1eebng n\u01b0\u1edbc. C\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00e2u \u00c2u \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c duy tr\u00ec v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, v\u00ec th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng, \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n \u1edf c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 an to\u00e0n, kinh t\u1ebf, kh\u00f4ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau trung h\u00f2a carbon v\u00e0 c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9. R\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u qu\u1ed1c gia khi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng, n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p\u2026 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd tr\u00ean con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u00f3a, hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i ho\u00e1. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00e2u \u00c2u, g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh l\u00e0 H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c, Trung Qu\u1ed1c, hay \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Hoa K\u1ef3 l\u00e0 qu\u1ed1c gia c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ed5 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi hi\u1ec7n nay (g\u1ea7n 100 t\u1ed5 m\u00e1y), \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p kho\u1ea3ng 20% s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c. Hoa K\u1ef3 v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n, g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 m\u00e1y m\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn III+ (AP1000). M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y c\u00f3 b\u1ecb ch\u1eadm tr\u1ec5 do nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n m\u1edbi, do c\u1ea3i t\u1ed5 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n, tuy nhi\u00ean cho \u0111\u1ebfn nay, vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111ang \u0111\u1ebfn giai \u0111o\u1ea1n k\u1ebft th\u00fac, v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u1ed5 m\u00e1y c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 AP1000 s\u1ebd v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i trong th\u1eddi gian s\u1eafp t\u1edbi.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, Hoa K\u1ef3 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n m\u1edbi (B\u1ed9 N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng – DOE). Trong \u0111\u00f3, ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 SMR), th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n, xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n, \u01b0u ti\u00ean b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh cho c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n\u2026 v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u0111\u01b0a ng\u00e0nh h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Hoa K\u1ef3 tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i v\u1ecb tr\u00ed s\u1ed1 1 (trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh Nga v\u00e0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c l\u00e0 c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ea1nh tranh m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd v\u1edbi Hoa K\u1ef3).<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Li\u00ean bang Nga l\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ngu\u1ed3n v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n. Li\u00ean X\u00f4 (tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y) \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 l\u00f2 VVER, l\u00f2 RBMK, l\u00f2 n\u01a1tron nhanh. Nga hi\u1ec7n nay v\u1eabn l\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n trong n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n ra n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i. Trong n\u01b0\u1edbc Nga, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n chi\u1ebfm kho\u1ea3ng 20% s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n, s\u1eafp t\u1edbi s\u1ebd t\u0103ng l\u00ean th\u00e0nh 30%. V\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u, Nga l\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i \u0111\u1ea7u trong xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 Li\u00ean X\u00f4 c\u00f2n t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i. Li\u00ean X\u00f4 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e2y nhi\u1ec1u l\u00f2 h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n \u1edf \u0110\u00f4ng \u00c2u v\u00e0 c\u00e1c l\u00f2 VVER-440 hi\u1ec7n nay v\u1eabn v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 r\u1ea5t kinh t\u1ebf. Hi\u1ec7n nay Li\u00ean bang Nga \u0111ang tri\u1ec3n khai nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u01b0: Trung Qu\u1ed1c, \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, Belarus, Th\u1ed5 Nh\u0129 K\u1ef3, Bangladesh, Ph\u1ea7n Lan, Slovakia, Hungary, Ai C\u1eadp v.v…<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf VVER c\u1ee7a Nga r\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t, an to\u00e0n, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m ch\u1ee9ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf qua nhi\u1ec1u n\u01a1i qua th\u1eddi gian. Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf VVER 1200 m\u1edbi th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 III+ \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i v\u00e0o v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u n\u01a1i. Li\u00ean bang Nga c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf v\u1ec1 khoa h\u1ecdc c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn, \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 gi\u1ecfi, h\u00f9ng h\u1eadu, nhi\u1ec1u chuy\u00ean gia h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, nhi\u1ec1u kinh nghi\u1ec7m trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n. ROSATOM l\u00e0 t\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1ec1 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nguy\u00ean t\u1eed \u0111ang tri\u1ec3n khai nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ef1 \u00e1n tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng Trung t\u00e2m Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u khoa h\u1ecdc c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n (CNST) t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u1edbi l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Trung Qu\u1ed1c l\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n m\u1ea1nh nh\u1ea5t, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n nhi\u1ec1u tham v\u1ecdng. Theo k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch, \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2030 s\u1ed1 l\u00f2 h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c s\u1ebd v\u01b0\u1ee3t M\u1ef9 (hi\u1ec7n nay M\u1ef9 c\u00f3 g\u1ea7n 100 l\u00f2 h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n), \u0111\u1ebfn 2050 Trung Qu\u1ed1c s\u1ebd c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng g\u1ea7n 280 l\u00f2. Ngo\u00e0i c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn, Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u00f2n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 l\u00f2 nhanh (FBR), \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n n\u1ed5i (FNPP), c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 l\u00f2 nh\u1ecf (m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch d\u00e2n s\u1ef1) v\u00e0 qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng (t\u00e0u ng\u1ea7m h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n, t\u00e0u s\u00e2n bay d\u00f9ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n).<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c ngo\u00e0i l\u00fd do cung c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng, an ninh n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, ch\u1ed1ng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu\u2026 c\u00f2n nh\u1eefng l\u00fd do kh\u00e1c li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn ti\u1ec1m l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an ninh qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng, c\u1ea1nh tranh qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf v\u00e0 c\u1ea1nh tranh v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c. Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111ang r\u1ea5t mu\u1ed1n xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n ra c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u sang Pakistan v\u00e0 k\u00fd k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi Argentina. Tuy nhi\u00ean, do h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf v\u1ec1 kinh nghi\u1ec7m, tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 khoa h\u1ecdc, v\u1ec1 t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n (chu tr\u00ecnh nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u kh\u00e9p k\u00edn), v\u1ec1 cam k\u1ebft tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 (th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng \u01b0\u1edbc IAEA), so v\u1edbi Li\u00ean bang Nga, n\u00ean hi\u1ec7n nay Trung Qu\u1ed1c m\u1edbi ch\u1ec9 xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00f2 h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n sang Pakistan. Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u0169ng \u0111ang \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n cho L\u00e0o.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n C\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an ninh n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c khoa h\u1ecdc, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n. \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 \u0111ang \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n. G\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n nh\u01b0: Th\u1ed5 Nh\u0129 K\u1ef3, Belarus, UAE, Bangladesh, Ai C\u1eadp, Ba Lan\u2026 UAE hi\u1ec7n nay \u0111\u00e3 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh 4 t\u1ed5 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n, c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t m\u1ed7i t\u1ed5 m\u00e1y 1.400 MWe. Ngo\u00e0i m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n khoa h\u1ecdc c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a UAE, h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 (ph\u00f3ng t\u00e0u v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 l\u00ean Sao H\u1ecfa).<\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n C\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia \u0111ang th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec Nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n Rostov. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 Nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed xa nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda Nam c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc Nga, n\u1eb1m b\u00ean h\u1ed3 Tsimlyansk, c\u00e1ch Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Volgodonsk 13 km. (\u1ea2nh: T\u1ea1p ch\u00ed N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam)<\/em><\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n hi\u1ec7n nay v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o, th\u01b0a \u00f4ng?<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u00d4ng Tr\u1ea7n Ch\u00ed Th\u00e0nh: C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n nh\u01b0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n, c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y, c\u01a1 kh\u00ed, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, luy\u1ec7n kim, t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n, h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc\u2026 Do \u0111\u00f3, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n (bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf) kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec5 thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn. Trong g\u1ea7n 50 n\u0103m l\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec1u. Tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n nay (c\u00e1c l\u00f2 \u0111ang v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh) ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 l\u00f2 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u00e1p l\u1ef1c, l\u00f2 n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f4i, l\u00f2 n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u1eb7ng v\u00e0 l\u00f2 n\u01a1tron nhanh (t\u1ea3i nhi\u1ec7t b\u1eb1ng kim lo\u1ea1i l\u1ecfng). \u0110a s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c l\u00f2 \u0111ang v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh hi\u1ec7n nay l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 l\u00f2 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u00e1p l\u1ef1c, v\u1edbi thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 II, III, c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 m\u00e1y m\u1edbi l\u00e0 th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 III+.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Trong khi nhi\u1ec1u l\u00f2 h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 II v\u00e0 III v\u1eabn v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh an to\u00e0n \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 mang l\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 kinh t\u1ebf cao, c\u00e1c l\u00f2 v\u1eeba m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c l\u00f2 \u0111ang x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ec1u d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u1edbi, ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 III+. C\u00e1c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u kh\u1eaft khe nh\u1ea5t, cao nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 an to\u00e0n m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0a ra, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh an to\u00e0n kinh t\u1ebf, v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ngay c\u1ea3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 x\u1ea3y ra. Do \u0111\u00f3, trong v\u00e0i th\u1eadp ni\u00ean ti\u1ebfp theo, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec3n khai v\u1eabn l\u00e0 l\u00f2 l\u00e0m m\u00e1t b\u1eb1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc (l\u00f2 \u00e1p l\u1ef1c l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh), thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 III+.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 l\u00f2 m\u00f4 \u0111un nh\u1ecf (SMR) \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 tri\u1ec3n khai. SMR ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p l\u00e0m m\u00e1t b\u1eb1ng kim lo\u1ea1i l\u1ecfng, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 v\u00e0i thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf l\u00e0m m\u00e1t b\u1eb1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc (nh\u01b0 Nuscale). C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 l\u00e0m m\u00e1t b\u1eb1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0 thu\u1ea7n th\u1ee5c tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, trong khi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 l\u00f2 l\u00e0m m\u00e1t b\u1eb1ng kim lo\u1ea1i l\u1ecfng l\u00e0 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u nhi\u1ec1u, c\u00f2n nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta ch\u01b0a n\u1eafm r\u00f5. Do \u0111\u00f3, tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng SMR v\u00e0o m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng cao trong v\u00e0i ch\u1ee5c n\u0103m t\u1edbi (ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb c\u00e1c l\u00f2 d\u00f9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0m m\u00e1t c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng cao h\u01a1n).<\/p>\n <\/p>\n V\u1ec1 an to\u00e0n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n, xin \u00f4ng cho bi\u1ebft nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u1ec1 ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n hi\u1ec7n nay, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai? Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi g\u00ec v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p an to\u00e0n \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n t\u1eeb qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf?<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u00d4ng Tr\u1ea7n Ch\u00ed Th\u00e0nh: Trong ng\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n, c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 l\u1edbn x\u1ea3y ra l\u00e0 Three Miles Irland (TMI) n\u0103m 1979, Chernobyl n\u0103m 1986 v\u00e0 Fukushima n\u0103m 2011. TMI x\u1ea3y ra sau th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 tri\u1ec3n khai m\u1ea1nh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, an to\u00e0n ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng, ph\u00e1p quy h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 nh\u01b0 b\u00e2y gi\u1edd. S\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 x\u1ea3y ra \u0111\u00e3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t an to\u00e0n. Chernobyl x\u1ea3y ra do con ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh (\u00fd ch\u00ed ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb). Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u1ee7a l\u00f2 n\u00e0y (RBMK) c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 l\u1ed7i. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o k\u1ef9 l\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00e1p quy ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5n ch\u1ec9nh m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd sau s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3. S\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 Fukushima x\u1ea3y ra do con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e1p quy l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh. Sau khi s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 Fukushima x\u1ea3y ra, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i t\u1ed5 C\u01a1 quan Ph\u00e1p quy H\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n (x\u00f3a NISA v\u00e0 l\u1eadp ra c\u01a1 quan ph\u00e1p quy m\u1edbi l\u00e0 NRA). T\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean, Fukushima x\u1ea3y ra c\u0169ng do y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 thi\u00ean tai (s\u00f3ng th\u1ea7n), r\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm khi x\u1ea3y ra.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n B\u00e0i h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y l\u00e0 ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ngu\u1ed3n nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, c\u1ea7n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e1p quy h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n t\u1ed1t, \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 v\u00e0 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 ki\u1ec3m tra gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 an to\u00e0n, thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y (c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb), qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u0169ng l\u00e0 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u1ea7n con ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1ecfi, kinh nghi\u1ec7m. V\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, do thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra b\u1edfi c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, ho\u1eb7c c\u00f4ng ty v\u1ec1 h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn, c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, n\u00ean v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam (n\u1ebfu c\u00f3) l\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00ednh ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u01a1 quan ph\u00e1p quy h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp (n\u1ebfu quay l\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n), ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ngu\u1ed3n nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 chuy\u00ean gia h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n. Nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 l\u00e0 ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a cho s\u1ef1 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u00d4ng \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 xu th\u1ebf gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n?<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u00d4ng Tr\u1ea7n Ch\u00ed Th\u00e0nh: Do c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 an to\u00e0n, n\u00ean trong c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf III+ hi\u1ec7n nay c\u00f3 th\u00eam nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng an to\u00e0n, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0m m\u00e1t. Do \u0111\u00f3 gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 t\u0103ng l\u00ean. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o v\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady l\u1edbn v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh l\u00e2u d\u00e0i. L\u00f2 h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh 60 n\u0103m, sau \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i th\u00eam 20 n\u0103m (t\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng 80 n\u0103m), ho\u1eb7c l\u00e2u h\u01a1n. V\u1edbi th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, n\u00ean gi\u00e1 \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n hi\u1ec7n nay tuy cao, nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn n\u1eb1m trong khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n T\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam, theo t\u00ednh to\u00e1n (\u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3), gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1eaft h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n than n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba, nh\u01b0ng r\u1ebb h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n than nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u. Gi\u00e1 \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u0169ng r\u1ebb h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00ed h\u00f3a l\u1ecfng (LNG). C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y khi \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ebft tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 30-40 n\u0103m), n\u1ebfu v\u1eabn t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 qua \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 an to\u00e0n, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5p ph\u00e9p ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh, ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n, th\u00ec gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec7n s\u1ebd r\u1ebb. (Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ed5 m\u00e1y hi\u1ec7n nay tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111ang v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh \u1edf th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 sau khi h\u1ebft tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd ban \u0111\u1ea7u, mang l\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 kinh t\u1ebf l\u1edbn).<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Xin \u00f4ng cho bi\u1ebft v\u00e0i n\u00e9t ch\u00ednh v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft v\u00e0 vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai? Theo \u00f4ng, Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f2n thi\u1ebfu nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00e1i kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n?<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u00d4ng Tr\u1ea7n Ch\u00ed Th\u00e0nh: Nh\u01b0 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft, \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t l\u1edbn (1.000 MWe, ho\u1eb7c l\u1edbn h\u01a1n). \u0110i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u01b0 thu\u1ef7 \u0111i\u1ec7n, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n than. Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhi\u1ec1u ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o (\u0111i\u1ec7n gi\u00f3, \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi). Nh\u01b0ng h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p, c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, n\u00ean s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ra t\u1eeb c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n n\u00e0y \u00edt h\u01a1n kho\u1ea3ng 4 l\u1ea7n so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00f3i tr\u00ean. T\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ebd l\u00e0m cho h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1ea5t c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1, n\u1ebfu m\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n s\u1ebd l\u00e0m cho c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf c\u1ea7n d\u00f9ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1ecb thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u00e0nh nh\u01b0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t Chip l\u00e0 ng\u00e0nh m\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111ang h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi, khi s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh trong th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i. N\u1ebfu \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, c\u00e1c m\u1ebb s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t s\u1ebd b\u1ecb h\u1ecfng v\u00e0 thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn, h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c tri\u1ec7u USD. Do \u0111\u00f3 ng\u00e0nh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t Chip kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o. Ng\u00e0nh n\u00e0y c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n than (hay kh\u00ed), v\u00ec s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ra \u201cch\u1ee9a\u201d nhi\u1ec1u carbon th\u00ec s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u sang n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, khi ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch Carbon Foot Print – d\u1ea5u ch\u00e2n c\u00e1c bon \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh thu\u1ef7 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khai th\u00e1c g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 h\u1ebft, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n than \u0111ang b\u1ecb h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf do \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau gi\u1ea3m t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu (CO2), vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ebd g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n l\u00e0m t\u1ed1t vi\u1ec7c cung c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 thu h\u00fat \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i. (Cung c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 xem x\u00e9t khi l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0).<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Ngo\u00e0i ra, \u0111i\u1ec7n than ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0o cung c\u1ea5p than (than nh\u1eadp) v\u00e0 d\u1ef1 tr\u1eef than kh\u00f3 h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u cho m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n than so v\u1edbi nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n d\u1ef1 tr\u1eef nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n (c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 tr\u1eef nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m). Do \u0111\u00f3, theo t\u00f4i, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Theo suy ngh\u0129 c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i, vi\u1ec7c d\u1eebng \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n n\u0103m 2016 tuy l\u00e0 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft, nh\u01b0ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng kh\u00e1 \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00e2m l\u00fd, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c, \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 trong ng\u00e0nh h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n v.v… Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 trong chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb v\u00e0 tri\u1ec3n khai ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n, vi\u1ec7c d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i, tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft s\u1ebd l\u00e0m m\u1ea5t d\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 m\u1ea5t d\u1ea7n nh\u1eefng g\u00ec ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m. Do \u0111\u00f3, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 quay l\u1ea1i ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n, trong v\u00e0i ba n\u0103m n\u1eefa, s\u1ebd m\u1ea5t h\u1ebft to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 c\u00e1n b\u1ed9. Th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, khi c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc quay l\u1ea1i m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n, c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1edbi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n, th\u00ec vi\u1ec7c s\u1edbm quay l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o nh\u1eefng thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i trong h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c, chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb k\u1ef9 l\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf cho s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n\u2026 S\u1ef1 ch\u1eadm tr\u1ec5 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 c\u00e1i gi\u00e1 r\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eaft.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n C\u0169ng nh\u01b0 bao ng\u00e0nh kh\u00e1c, \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 l\u00e0 ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng cho ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n. D\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n l\u00e2u, nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o con ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n c\u00f2n c\u1ea7n th\u1eddi gian l\u00e2u d\u00e0i h\u01a1n. Do \u0111\u00f3, c\u1ea7n s\u1edbm c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u l\u1ea1i. V\u00ec theo t\u00f4i, \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho Vi\u1ec7t Nam trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. \u0110\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 ti\u1ec1m l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u00d4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cho bi\u1ebft, nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u cho \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? Khi Vi\u1ec7t Nam ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u00e0y, vi\u1ec7c nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c l\u1edbn v\u00e0o b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i hay kh\u00f4ng?<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u00d4ng Tr\u1ea7n Ch\u00ed Th\u00e0nh: Nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u cho \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n hi\u1ec7n nay c\u0169ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u tu\u1ef3 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o lo\u1ea1i l\u00f2. C\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1edbn tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi nh\u01b0 M\u1ef9, Nga, hay Ph\u00e1p, Trung Qu\u1ed1c, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c\u2026 \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u cho l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n. Nga c\u0169ng \u0111ang nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u cho l\u00f2 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, M\u1ef9 c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3, \u0111ang ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u cho l\u00f2 VVER c\u1ee7a Nga.<\/p>\n T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng cho r\u1eb1ng, n\u1ebfu l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i. V\u00ec c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 n\u00f3 nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c h\u00e0ng ho\u00e1 d\u00e2n d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n T\u00ednh lan t\u1ecfa, th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n khoa h\u1ecdc c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt khi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi n\u00f3i chung v\u00e0 \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam n\u00f3i ri\u00eang nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o, th\u01b0a \u00f4ng?<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u00d4ng Tr\u1ea7n Ch\u00ed Th\u00e0nh: Nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 n\u00eau, khi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n, m\u1ed9t l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c \u0111a ng\u00e0nh (v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng), do y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi khi tri\u1ec3n khai, n\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 r\u1ea5t th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c khoa h\u1ecdc c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng, c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n. Ti\u1ec1m l\u1ef1c khoa h\u1ecdc c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n sau khi tri\u1ec3n khai th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n. V\u1ec1 ph\u00e1p quy, ngu\u1ed3n nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n theo. (V\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh cho vi\u1ec7c th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y khoa h\u1ecdc, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00e2u \u00c2u th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 chi\u1ebfn tranh l\u1ea1nh, H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y v\u00e0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c, \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 b\u00e2y gi\u1edd).<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 \u0111ang l\u00e0m r\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t vi\u1ec7c th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh khoa h\u1ecdc, ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng, nh\u01b0 c\u01a1 kh\u00ed, ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u (th\u00e9p v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p kim), h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc, t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n\u2026 Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec th\u1ebf, g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y khi ch\u00fang t\u00f4i sang \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, h\u1ecd t\u1ef1 h\u00e0o v\u1ec1 ng\u00e0nh h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n, h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ef1 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n. V\u00e0 h\u1ecd c\u0169ng t\u1ef1 h\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00f3ng v\u1ec7 tinh v\u1edbi chi ph\u00ed r\u1ebb nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. G\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e1p t\u00e0u v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 xu\u1ed1ng n\u1eeda t\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a M\u1eb7t tr\u0103ng.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n T\u00f4i ngh\u0129 Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n, th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y v\u00e0 \u201clan to\u1ea3\u201d khoa h\u1ecdc c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng t\u1eeb ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n G\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n n\u1ed5i tr\u00ean bi\u1ec3n. \u00d4ng \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o v\u1ec1 lo\u1ea1i m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh n\u00e0y?<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u00d4ng Tr\u1ea7n Ch\u00ed Th\u00e0nh: Hi\u1ec7n nay Nga \u0111ang v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n n\u1ed5i (mang t\u00ean Lomonoxop). Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111ang c\u00f3 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh l\u1edbn thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o kho\u1ea3ng 20 nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n n\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u00ean bi\u1ec3n (trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 Bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng).<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u0110i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n n\u1ed5i l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi, ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n r\u1ee7i ro li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ednh ki\u1ec3m ch\u1ee9ng, an to\u00e0n, li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 thi\u00ean tai, y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, giao th\u00f4ng tr\u00ean bi\u1ec3n\u2026 Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n n\u1ed5i v\u1eeba c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 d\u00e2n d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng, hay g\u00e2y \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ecba ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, t\u00f9y v\u00e0o m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n V\u00e2ng, xin c\u1ea3m \u01a1n \u00f4ng!<\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n BBT T\u1ea0P CH\u00cd N\u0102NG L\u01af\u1ee2NG VI\u1ec6T NAM (TH\u1ef0C HI\u1ec6N)<\/strong><\/p>\n <\/p>\n [*] TS. Tr\u1ea7n Ch\u00ed Th\u00e0nh sinh ng\u00e0y 15\/8\/1965 t\u1ea1i x\u00e3 \u0110\u1ee9c Giang, huy\u1ec7n V\u0169 Quang, t\u1ec9nh H\u00e0 T\u0129nh. T\u1eeb n\u0103m 1983 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1989 \u00f4ng theo h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 ng\u00e0nh Nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb t\u1ea1i Tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Matxc\u01a1va, Li\u00ean X\u00f4 (tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y). Sau khi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, \u00f4ng v\u1ec1 Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e0m c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 Ph\u00f3 Gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c Trung t\u00e2m T\u01b0 v\u1ea5n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n, \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng – Vi\u1ec7n N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng (B\u1ed9 C\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng).<\/p>\n <\/p>\n T\u1eeb n\u0103m 2005 – 2009, \u00f4ng gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecdc b\u1ed5ng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u sinh chuy\u00ean ng\u00e0nh An to\u00e0n \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Ho\u00e0ng gia (Th\u1ee5y \u0110i\u1ec3n). Sau \u0111\u00f3, ch\u00ednh lu\u1eadn \u00e1n Ti\u1ebfn s\u1ef9 \u201cM\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed1i l\u01b0u hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a b\u1ec3 nhi\u00ean v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y \u1edf \u0111\u00e1y th\u00f9ng \u00e1p l\u1ef1c l\u00f2 n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eb9\u201d c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trao Gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng Sigvard Eklund (Th\u1ee5y \u0110i\u1ec3n) v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2011 d\u00e0nh cho Lu\u1eadn \u00e1n Ti\u1ebfn s\u1ef9 xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc nh\u1ea5t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee5y \u0110i\u1ec3n li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m t\u1eeb 2010 – 2016, TS. Tr\u1ea7n Ch\u00ed Th\u00e0nh \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f9ng c\u00e1c c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1 tham gia t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n v\u1ec1 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch an to\u00e0n \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n cho B\u00e1o c\u00e1o nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u kh\u1ea3 thi (FS) D\u1ef1 \u00e1n Nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n Ninh Thu\u1eadn 1 v\u00e0 2, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi l\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c vi\u00ean khoa h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a khoa An to\u00e0n \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n – \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Ho\u00e0ng Gia (Th\u1ee5y \u0110i\u1ec3n) trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u00e2n t\u00edch an to\u00e0n l\u00f2 n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f4i (BWR).<\/p>\n <\/p>\n T\u1eeb n\u0103m 2012 \u0111\u1ebfn nay, TS. Tr\u1ea7n Ch\u00ed Th\u00e0nh l\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1edfng Vi\u1ec7n N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nguy\u00ean t\u1eed Vi\u1ec7t Nam (VinAtom) – B\u1ed9 Khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7.\/.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Ti\u1ebfp theo \u201cC\u00e1c \u2018\u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u1ea7n\u2019 \u0111\u1ec3 Vi\u1ec7t Nam b\u1ed5 sung \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n v\u00e0o Quy ho\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n VIII\u201d, chuy\u00ean gia T\u1ea1p ch\u00ed N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 cu\u1ed9c ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n \u00f4ng Tr\u1ea7n Ch\u00ed Th\u00e0nh – Vi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1edfng Vi\u1ec7n N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nguy\u00ean t\u1eed Vi\u1ec7t Nam [*]. N\u1ed9i dung \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp nh\u1eb1m tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":15803,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[26],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-15800","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tin-tong-hop"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15800","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15800"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15800\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":15807,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15800\/revisions\/15807"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/15803"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15800"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=15800"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=15800"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}\n\n
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