{"id":17955,"date":"2025-08-22T11:43:24","date_gmt":"2025-08-22T04:43:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/?p=17955"},"modified":"2025-08-24T12:00:02","modified_gmt":"2025-08-24T05:00:02","slug":"lo-phan-ung-nghien-cuu-moi-cho-viet-nam-vi-sao-can-co-som","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/lo-phan-ung-nghien-cuu-moi-cho-viet-nam-vi-sao-can-co-som\/","title":{"rendered":"L\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u m\u1edbi cho Vi\u1ec7t Nam: V\u00ec sao c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 s\u1edbm?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Trong l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nguy\u00ean t\u1eed v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n, ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u1ea1i c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u m\u1edbi nh\u01b0 hi\u1ec7n nay. T\u1ea1i sao l\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, khi Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \u0110\u00e0 L\u1ea1t?<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\"\"Ph\u00f3 Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng Th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1ef1c Nguy\u1ec5n H\u00f2a B\u00ecnh nghe TS. Nguy\u1ec5n Ki\u00ean C\u01b0\u1eddng, Ph\u00f3 Vi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1edfng Vi\u1ec7n Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n \u0110\u00e0 L\u1ea1t trao \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1ec1 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng. \u1ea2nh: VGP\/Nguy\u1ec5n Ho\u00e0ng<\/em><\/p>\n

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Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngo\u00e0i ng\u00e0nh n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nguy\u00ean t\u1eed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi n\u00e0y, khi nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean b\u00e1o ch\u00ed v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn \u0111\u00e2u \u0111\u00f3 trong nhi\u1ec1u di\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e0n v\u1ec1 l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng m\u1edbi, m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee1 l\u1edbn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0o t\u00e2m \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n Trung t\u00e2m Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u KH&CN h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n Qu\u1ed1c gia (CNEST). C\u00f3 v\u1ebb nh\u01b0 c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi n\u00e0y c\u0169ng c\u00f3 l\u00fd, khi l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u duy nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam, l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \u0110\u00e0 L\u1ea1t, d\u00f9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1961, cho \u0111\u1ebfn nay v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh b\u1ec1n b\u1ec9 v\u00e0 \u0111em l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ea1ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m kh\u00e1c nhau cho ng\u00e0nh v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, t\u1eeb nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u khoa h\u1ecdc thu\u1ea7n t\u00fay \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng tri\u1ec3n khai v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1ecb v\u00e0 d\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5t ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 y t\u1ebf, t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng m\u1edbi v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 ki\u1ec3m chu\u1ea9n c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 v\u00e0 h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n, ki\u1ec3m nghi\u1ec7m ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 v\u1ec7 sinh an to\u00e0n th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m, \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 v\u00e0 c\u1ea5p ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a… \u0110\u1ebfn C\u01a1 quan N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nguy\u00ean t\u1eed Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf (IAEA) c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \u0110\u00e0 L\u1ea1t l\u00e0 l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 b\u1eadc nh\u1ea5t trong c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n

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N\u1ebfu v\u1eady, c\u00f3 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u m\u1edbi thu\u1ed9c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n Trung t\u00e2m Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u KH&CN h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n Qu\u1ed1c gia? Hay \u0111\u00e2y ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh th\u1eeba th\u00e3i v\u00e0 t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m v\u1ec1 kinh ph\u00ed? N\u1ed7i nghi ng\u1edd c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngo\u00e0i cu\u1ed9c, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed ch\u01b0a \u0111\u00fang b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t, v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0nh, m\u1ed9t l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u, \u0111\u00f4i khi l\u00e0m d\u1ea5y l\u00ean nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi phi l\u00fd nh\u01b0 v\u1eady.<\/p>\n

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Khi nh\u00ecn l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0110\u00e0 L\u1ea1t trong v\u00f2ng s\u00e1u th\u1eadp ni\u00ean ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nguy\u00ean t\u1eed Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t n\u00f3 v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nguy\u00ean t\u1eed kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng theo qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn, nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 v\u1edbi ng\u00e0nh m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u1ea3 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u01a1i s\u00e1ng v\u00e0 nhu c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u m\u1edbi m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch th\u1ea5u \u0111\u00e1o.<\/p>\n

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L\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \u0110\u00e0 L\u1ea1t, m\u1ed9t l\u1ecbch s\u1eed ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3i h\u1ebft<\/strong><\/p>\n

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50 n\u0103m sau ng\u00e0y th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n \u0110\u00e0 L\u1ea1t – t\u1ecda l\u1ea1c \u1edf s\u1ed1 1 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng Nguy\u00ean T\u1eed L\u1ef1c, ph\u01b0\u1eddng L\u00e2m Vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 cao nguy\u00ean \u0110\u00e0 L\u1ea1t – tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh nh\u00e0 v\u00f4 \u0111\u1ecbch trong s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u trong nh\u00f3m c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. N\u0103m n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, trong \u0111\u1ea1i d\u1ecbch COVID, l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t 500 kwt n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 g\u1ed3ng m\u00ecnh v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ec3 li\u00ean ti\u1ebfp t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng m\u1ebb d\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5t ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 cho c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf y h\u1ecdc h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n tr\u00ean c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc, b\u1edfi r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n ung th\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ra n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i kh\u00e1m ch\u1eefa b\u1ec7nh do vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ng\u1eebng \u0111i l\u1ea1i ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t d\u1ecbch b\u1ec7nh. \u201cL\u00f2 \u0111\u00e3 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh kho\u1ea3ng 4.300 gi\u1edd trong n\u0103m 2020, g\u1ea5p g\u1ea7n ba l\u1ea7n trung b\u00ecnh nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 1.500 gi\u1edd (n\u1ebfu t\u00ednh gi\u1edd \u0111i l\u00e0m theo ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh, m\u1ed7i c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 vi\u00ean ch\u1ee9c ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c g\u1ea7n 2.000 gi\u1edd\/n\u0103m)\u201d, TS. Phan S\u01a1n H\u1ea3i, nguy\u00ean Vi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1edfng Vi\u1ec7n Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n (Vi\u1ec7n N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nguy\u00ean t\u1eed Vi\u1ec7t Nam) trao \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1edbi Tia S\u00e1ng v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m 2021. Nh\u1edd v\u1eady, khi s\u1ef1 gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a chu\u1ed7i cung c\u1ea5p d\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5t ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 l\u00e0m suy gi\u1ea3m s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1c ca ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ung th\u01b0 tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u00ec c\u00e1c trung t\u00e2m y h\u1ecdc h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 \u1ed1c \u0111\u1ea3o y\u00ean b\u00ecnh b\u1edfi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1ecb ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng t\u1eeb l\u00f2 \u0110\u00e0 L\u1ea1t v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u1eadt l\u00fd v\u00e0 sinh h\u00f3a c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap h\u1ecd ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n, ch\u1ee5p \u1ea3nh ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb nh\u1eefng b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd ung th\u01b0. \u00dd ngh\u0129a v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 t\u00ecnh ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf m\u1ed9t l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb theo c\u00e1ch nh\u01b0 v\u1eady.<\/p>\n

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M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u00e0 ng\u00e0nh n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nguy\u00ean t\u1eed kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 h\u00f3a gi\u1ea3i l\u00e0 khi l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \u0110\u00e0 L\u1ea1t k\u1ebft th\u00fac vai tr\u00f2 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, s\u1ebd c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng m\u1edbi v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t l\u1edbn h\u01a1n, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c \u00fd ngh\u0129a h\u01a1n n\u1eefa. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch d\u1eebng l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n \u0110\u00e0 L\u1ea1t s\u1ebd c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00ean song song v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch kh\u00e1c, m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n l\u1edbn v\u1ec1 Trung t\u00e2m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u KH&CN h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n qu\u1ed1c gia v\u1edbi l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng m\u1edbi \u0111a m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau 10 MWt, m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea5c m\u01a1 m\u00e0 ng\u00e0nh n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nguy\u00ean t\u1eed x\u00e2y \u0111\u1eafp h\u01a1n hai th\u1eadp ni\u00ean qua.<\/strong><\/p>\n

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Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1eb7t k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch cho l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \u0110\u00e0 L\u1ea1t. L\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \u0110\u00e0 L\u1ea1t b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1960, t\u1eeb Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh Nguy\u00ean t\u1eed v\u00ec m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 M\u1ef9 v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed3ng minh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd khi \u1ea5y l\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7t Nam C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a. H\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam theo c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 TRIGA – MARK II c\u1ee7a h\u00e3ng General Atomics Corporation t\u1ea1i San Diego, California – t\u1eeb thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf TRIGA c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft Edward Teller, ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c v\u1ec1 h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n sau m\u1ed9t chu\u1ed7i th\u1eddi gian nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00f9ng nh\u1eefng t\u00ean tu\u1ed5i l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt l\u00fd th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi trong khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n Manhattan, v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1.<\/p>\n

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Theo t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a IAEA, l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng TRIGA l\u00e0 t\u00ean vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o, nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1ecb, nguy\u00ean t\u1eed n\u00f3i chung) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf theo ki\u1ec3u b\u1ec3 b\u01a1i, ph\u1ea7n l\u00f5i l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng g\u1ed3m 60 \u0111\u1ebfn 100 thanh nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u h\u00ecnh tr\u1ee5 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh 37 mm, chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i 722 mm. Lo\u1ea1i l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh an to\u00e0n t\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u1ee9c n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u1ea5t cao trong v\u00f2ng ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ea7y m\u1ed9t gi\u00e2y. V\u1edbi lo\u1ea1i nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u h\u1ee3p kim hydride uranium-zirconium c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u00e0u U-235 d\u01b0\u1edbi 20% \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0y, t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng trong l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3m nhanh ch\u00f3ng n\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u1edf l\u00f5i l\u00f2 t\u0103ng l\u00ean nhanh ch\u00f3ng. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf quan tr\u1ecdng g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n l\u00e0m n\u00ean s\u1ef1 an to\u00e0n c\u1ee7a l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng TRIGA c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \u0110\u00e0 L\u1ea1t \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh, k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1961.<\/p>\n

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Sau h\u01a1n hai n\u0103m x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i t\u1edbi h\u1ea1n v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 26\/2\/1963 v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c \u0111i v\u00e0o v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 3\/3\/1963 v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 g\u1ed3m 48 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 15 nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 9 nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt. Tuy nhi\u00ean, theo l\u1eddi k\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Yuka Tsuchiya, tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Ehime, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, trong m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 phim t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u do \u0110\u00e0i truy\u1ec1n h\u00ecnh Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n NHK th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2015 th\u00ec \u201cph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn chuy\u1ec7n l\u00e0 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng do M\u1ef9 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf t\u1ea1i mi\u1ec1n Nam Vi\u1ec7t Nam\u201d.<\/p>\n

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Nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn chuy\u1ec3n tr\u00ean chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng mi\u1ec1n Nam \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e1o hi\u1ec7u m\u1ed9t vi\u1ec5n c\u1ea3nh t\u0103m t\u1ed1i cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 khi\u1ebfn h\u1ecd nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng, k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh c\u0169ng s\u1ebd b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fd do m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 \u0111\u00e3 cho d\u1eebng v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1968, d\u1eabu v\u1eady c\u00e1c thanh nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u ch\u00e1y d\u1edf v\u1eabn c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i nguy\u00ean v\u1ecb nh\u01b0 v\u1eady trong l\u00f5i l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng.<\/p>\n

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Cho \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m 1975, tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ecnh th\u1ebf thua cu\u1ed9c kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n S\u00e0i G\u00f2n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u00ednh th\u1ebf vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u00ed quy\u1ebft c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 M\u1ef9 s\u1ebd l\u1ecdt v\u00e0o tay Li\u00ean X\u00f4, m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed3ng minh quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam. V\u00ec v\u1eady, v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 24\/3\/1975, ngo\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1edfng M\u1ef9 Henry Kissingger \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eedi m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edn m\u1eadt t\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea1i s\u1ee9 qu\u00e1n M\u1ef9 \u1edf S\u00e0i G\u00f2n v\u1edbi n\u1ed9i dung ph\u1ea3i l\u1ea5y g\u1ea5p nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u ra kh\u1ecfi l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng. Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5, hai chuy\u00ean gia Wallu Hendrikson, m\u1ed9t chuy\u00ean gia nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m Qu\u1ed1c gia Idaho, v\u00e0 John Horan, m\u1ed9t chuy\u00ean gia v\u1ec1 v\u1eadt l\u00fd y sinh t\u1eebng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1i Nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y x\u1eed l\u00fd h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t Idaho \u0111\u00e3 t\u1edbi \u0110\u00e0 L\u1ea1t v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 30\/3 v\u00e0 v\u00e0o hai gi\u1edd s\u00e1ng ng\u00e0y 31\/3 \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t vi\u1ec7c th\u00e1o d\u1ee1. B\u00f3 nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n b\u1eb1ng m\u00e1y bay tr\u1ef1c th\u0103ng t\u1edbi h\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ed9i M\u1ef9 \u0111\u1eadu \u1edf Philippines r\u1ed3i v\u1ec1 M\u1ef9 sau hai th\u00e1ng. Ng\u00e0y nay, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin m\u1eadt n\u00e0y l\u00e0 nh\u1edd v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 d\u1ea7n b\u1ea1ch h\u00f3a th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 phim t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a NHK.<\/p>\n

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Khi h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh l\u1eadp l\u1ea1i, \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng khai th\u00e1c l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \u0110\u00e0 L\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t ra. \u201cV\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1975, Li\u00ean X\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd gi\u00fap Vi\u1ec7t Nam kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \u0110\u00e0 L\u1ea1t, nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t trong ch\u00edn c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c tr\u1ecdng \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00fd k\u1ebft gi\u1eefa hai ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7\u201d, gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Ph\u1ea1m Duy Hi\u1ec3n, nguy\u00ean Vi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1edfng Vi\u1ec7n Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n \u0110\u00e0 L\u1ea1t, nh\u1edb l\u1ea1i. T\u1eeb s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd n\u00e0y m\u00e0 v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 26\/4\/1976, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp Vi\u1ec7n Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n (\u0110\u00e0 L\u1ea1t) tr\u1ef1c thu\u1ed9c \u1ee6y ban Khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc, ti\u1ec1n th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 KH&CN ng\u00e0y nay. K\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhen nh\u00f3m b\u00e0n b\u1ea1c gi\u1eefa \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 chuy\u00ean gia ban \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Nguy\u1ec5n \u0110\u00ecnh T\u1ee9, Cao Chi, \u0110o\u00e0n Nh\u01b0\u1ee3ng, Ph\u1ea1m Quang \u0110i\u1ec7n, trong c\u0103n ph\u00f2ng r\u1ed9ng v\u1ecfn v\u1eb9n 15 m\u00e9t vu\u00f4ng m\u00e0 \u1ee6y ban d\u00e0nh cho Vi\u1ec7n, \u0111\u1eb7t t\u1ea1i t\u1ea7ng 4 t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 39 Tr\u1ea7n H\u01b0ng \u0110\u1ea1o, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n

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C\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y th\u1ef1c ra kh\u00f4ng th\u1eadt d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n Li\u00ean X\u00f4 do l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y theo thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 m\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \u1edf t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u1ed3i t\u1ec7 h\u01a1n. Theo k\u00fd \u1ee9c c\u1ee7a PGS. Nguy\u1ec5n Nguy\u00ean Phong, Vi\u1ec7n V\u1eadt l\u00fd k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, \u0110H B\u00e1ch khoa HN, m\u1ed9t trong s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 khoa h\u1ecdc Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p v\u00e0o kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \u0110\u00e0 L\u1ea1t, \u201ctrong n\u01b0\u1edbc tinh khi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a l\u00f2 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ea9u thu\u1ed1c l\u00e1 v\u00e0 d\u00e2y thun, nh\u00e0 l\u00f2 v\u00e0 kh\u1ed1i b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t theo m\u1ed9t h\u01b0\u1edbng\u2026, ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 trong l\u00f2 r\u1ea5t cao, c\u00f3 ch\u1ed7 g\u1ea5p 1.000 l\u1ea7n so v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c cho ph\u00e9p l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c; th\u00f9ng l\u00f2 b\u1ecb nghi\u00eang, v\u00e0nh ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 graphite b\u1ecb l\u1ec7ch t\u00e2m v\u00e0 nghi\u00eang \u2013 hai m\u00e9p ngo\u00e0i ch\u00eanh nhau \u0111\u1ebfn 6 mm\u2026\u201d.<\/p>\n

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\u0110\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c \u0111o\u00e0n chuy\u00ean gia h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n Li\u00ean X\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 sang \u0110\u00e0 L\u1ea1t kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 Vi\u1ec7n s\u0129 Georgy Flyorov, ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 ra hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e2n h\u1ea1ch t\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t n\u0103m 1940, \u0111\u00e3 trao cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u tr\u1ebb Vi\u1ec7t Nam m\u1ed9t l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean \u0111\u00e1ng gi\u00e1 \u201cV\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c anh gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 nhanh ch\u00f3ng kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c l\u00f2 v\u00e0 t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 khai th\u00e1c n\u00f3, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 x\u00e2y m\u1ed9t l\u00f2 m\u1edbi ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t qu\u00e1 l\u1edbn\u201d.<\/p>\n

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Vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng s\u1ebd c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ea3i thay nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u theo c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Triga-Mark II b\u1eb1ng nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a Li\u00ean X\u00f4, \u0111i k\u00e8m v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u1ed9t th\u00f9ng l\u00f2 m\u1edbi theo c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 IVV-9. K\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch t\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u1eebng kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \u0110\u00e0 L\u1ea1t th\u00e0nh l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ed9c nh\u1ea5t v\u00f4 nh\u1ecb tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u201cv\u1ecf M\u1ef9, ru\u1ed9t Nga\u201d. \u201cL\u00f2 m\u1edbi v\u1eabn t\u1ea3i nhi\u1ec7t theo c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed1i l\u01b0u t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean. C\u00e1c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n th\u1ee7y nhi\u1ec7t cho th\u1ea5y c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf n\u00e0y b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t l\u00f2 500 kW, v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ee7 th\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u00f4i b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t thanh nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u\u201d, theo nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t c\u1ee7a GS. Ph\u1ea1m Duy Hi\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n

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Ng\u00e0y 1\/11\/1983, khi l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng IVV-9 \u0111\u1ea1t tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i t\u1edbi h\u1ea1n l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u c\u0169ng l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u00e1i kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng r\u1ef1c r\u1ee1 c\u1ee7a l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n \u0110\u00e0 L\u1ea1t, m\u1edf ra m\u1ed9t ch\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1edbi cho vi\u1ec7c t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 khoa h\u1ecdc h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 tri\u1ec3n khai c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n

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M\u1ed9t v\u00f2ng hoa gi\u00e1p r\u1ef1c r\u1ee1 c\u1ee7a l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \u0110\u00e0 L\u1ea1t<\/strong><\/p>\n

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Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nguy\u00ean t\u1eed Vi\u1ec7t Nam, t\u1eeb nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n khai \u0111\u1ec1u xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \u0110\u00e0 L\u1ea1t. N\u0103ng l\u1ef1c trong nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c m\u00e0 gi\u1edd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7t k\u00ea trong c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n th\u00e0nh t\u00edch v\u00e0 b\u00e1o c\u00e1o h\u1eb1ng n\u0103m c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7n Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n \u0110\u00e0 l\u1ea1t, Vi\u1ec7n N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nguy\u00ean t\u1eed Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u trong v\u00e0 ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1edfi ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng n\u00e0y. \u201cH\u01a1n b\u1ed1n th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh, l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng… T\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ph\u00e2n t\u00edch h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 h\u00f3a l\u00fd \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kho\u1ea3ng 70 nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n trong c\u00e1c m\u1eabu kh\u00e1c nhau; c\u00e1c th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n, ch\u1ee5p \u1ea3nh b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 neutron v\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n\u201d, gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Pierre Darriulat t\u1eebng vi\u1ebft tr\u00ean Tia S\u00e1ng, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u201cL\u00f2 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ngu\u1ed3n nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c tr\u00ean quy m\u00f4 c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc, t\u1eeb sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc, k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt vi\u00ean v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 s\u01b0\u201d.<\/p>\n

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C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u1ed9t m\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e1ng nh\u1edb trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh 60 n\u0103m v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \u0110\u00e0 l\u1ea1t, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc chuy\u1ec3n quan tr\u1ecdng v\u1ec1 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c khoa h\u1ecdc. N\u1ebfu \u1edf th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c v\u00e0 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \u0110\u00e0 L\u1ea1t, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u non tr\u1ebb c\u00f2n ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ee7 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec3 tham gia c\u00f9ng c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia Li\u00ean X\u00f4 trong vi\u1ec7c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf th\u00ec v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2007 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2013, vi\u1ec7c giao tr\u1ea3 c\u00e1c thanh nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u00e0u cao v\u1ec1 Nga \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc Vi\u1ec7t Nam ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00ednh to\u00e1n v\u00e0 b\u00e0n b\u1ea1c trong th\u1ebf ngang h\u00e0ng v\u1edbi chuy\u00ean gia qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n

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S\u00e1u th\u1eadp ni\u00ean tr\u00f4i qua tr\u00ean l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \u0110\u00e0 L\u1ea1t, qu\u00e3ng th\u1eddi gian t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t v\u00f2ng hoa gi\u00e1p c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1eddi ng\u01b0\u1eddi. K\u1ec3 t\u1eeb c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c v\u00e0 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh danh 500kWt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00e1nh th\u00e0nh v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 20\/3\/1984, cho \u0111\u1ebfn nay, l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee9ng nh\u00e2n cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nguy\u00ean t\u1eed Vi\u1ec7t Nam m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 l\u01b0u gi\u1eef nh\u1eefng ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ee5 h\u01b0\u1edfng \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u quy m\u00f4 kh\u00e1c nhau m\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfn tho\u00e1i \u0111\u00f4i khi kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec5 nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong cu\u1ed9c.<\/p>\n

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Nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c quy lu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi n\u00e0y, trong \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e3 mang h\u00e0m \u00fd v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec3m k\u1ebft th\u00fac. B\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0o, d\u00f9 v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebfn bao nhi\u00eau c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ecfi m\u1ed9t t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u00f3 h\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ecbnh, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u nh\u01b0 l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 l\u00f2 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u hay l\u00f2 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngay t\u1eeb th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf. Ph\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1c l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf theo c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 TRIGA Mark c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1960 cho \u0111\u1ebfn nay \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eebng v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh ho\u1eb7c trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb d\u1eebng v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u1edf Otaniemi, Espoo (Ph\u1ea7n Lan), \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1962, \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ebft th\u00fac qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2015 v\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u00e1o d\u1ee1 v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2023, theo th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ee7a C\u01a1 quan b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n Ph\u1ea7n Lan (STUK).<\/p>\n

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Ng\u00e0nh n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nguy\u00ean t\u1eed Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00f9 li\u1ec7u s\u1edbm k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch d\u1eebng v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n \u0110\u00e0 L\u1ea1t t\u1eeb h\u01a1n hai th\u1eadp ni\u00ean tr\u01b0\u1edbc. \u201cCh\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \u0110\u00e0 L\u1ea1t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ebfn kho\u1ea3ng n\u0103m 2030 l\u00e0 d\u1eebng th\u00f4i, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 2000 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t ch\u1ec9 ch\u1ea1y \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2020, sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o\u201d, PGS. Nguy\u1ec5n Nh\u1ecb \u0110i\u1ec1n, nguy\u00ean Vi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1edfng Vi\u1ec7n Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n \u0110\u00e0 L\u1ea1t, m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1eafn b\u00f3 m\u1eadt thi\u1ebft v\u1edbi l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng n\u00e0y t\u1eeb khi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, trao \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1ec1 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch m\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e0n b\u1ea1c t\u1eeb l\u00e2u.<\/p>\n

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T\u1ea1i sao l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 n\u0103m 2020, m\u1ed9t ch\u1ec9 d\u1ea5u th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00eau ra c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y n\u0103m n\u0103m m\u00e0 gi\u1edd l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \u0110\u00e0 L\u1ea1t v\u1eabn c\u00f2n \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh? \u201cV\u00ec t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2020 th\u00ec l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \u0110\u00e0 L\u1ea1t c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 40 n\u0103m r\u1ed3i, c\u00f2n n\u1ebfu t\u00ednh t\u1eeb m\u1ed1c ra \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a l\u00f2 \u0110\u00e0 L\u1ea1t l\u00e0 t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1960 th\u00ec \u0111\u1ebfn 2020 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 60 n\u0103m\u201d, PGS. Nguy\u1ec5n Nh\u1ecb \u0110i\u1ec1n cho bi\u1ebft. \u201cNhi\u1ec1u th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u00f3 t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1961. V\u1edbi c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia c\u00f3 l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng th\u1eddi gian v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh c\u1ee1 \u0111\u00f3 th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3ng l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u l\u1ea1i r\u1ed3i\u201d.<\/p>\n

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Theo g\u00f3c nh\u00ecn c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n, khi \u0111\u00f3, l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \u0110\u00e0 L\u1ea1t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u201cv\u1eadn h\u00e0nh v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng, v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng th\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh, \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng…\u201d, PGS. Nguy\u1ec5n Nh\u1ecb \u0110i\u1ec1n n\u00f3i.<\/p>\n

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Vi\u1ec7c suy ngh\u0129 v\u00e0 \u1ea5n \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed9t m\u1ed1c th\u1eddi gian cho l\u00f2 \u0110\u00e0 L\u1ea1t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chuy\u1ec7n. Nh\u1eefng g\u00ec di\u1ec5n ra tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf cho th\u1ea5y, h\u00f3a ra vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c thi k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chuy\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o v\u00f4 v\u00e0n bi\u1ebfn s\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c. C\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra, kh\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n

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B\u1edfi m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u00e0 ng\u00e0nh n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nguy\u00ean t\u1eed kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 h\u00f3a gi\u1ea3i l\u00e0 khi l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \u0110\u00e0 L\u1ea1t k\u1ebft th\u00fac vai tr\u00f2 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, s\u1ebd c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng m\u1edbi v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t l\u1edbn h\u01a1n, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c \u00fd ngh\u0129a h\u01a1n n\u1eefa. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch d\u1eebng l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n \u0110\u00e0 L\u1ea1t s\u1ebd c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00ean song song v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch kh\u00e1c, m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n l\u1edbn v\u1ec1 Trung t\u00e2m Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u KH&CN h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n Qu\u1ed1c gia v\u1edbi l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng m\u1edbi \u0111a m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau 10 MWt, m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea5c m\u01a1 m\u00e0 ng\u00e0nh n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nguy\u00ean t\u1eed x\u00e2y \u0111\u1eafp h\u01a1n hai th\u1eadp ni\u00ean qua.<\/p>\n

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\u0110i\u1ec1u g\u00ec th\u00f4i th\u00fac h\u1ecd l\u00e0m nh\u01b0 v\u1eady? B\u1edfi l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u m\u1edbi s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho h\u1ecd c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p h\u01a1n v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u ng\u00e0y m\u1ed9t l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 y h\u1ecdc h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n. Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \u0110\u00e0 L\u1ea1t \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u01a1i s\u00e1ng trong COVID – 19. Trong khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 l\u1ec5 t\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u0103m 2020 c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7n N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nguy\u00ean t\u1eed Vi\u1ec7t Nam, GS. Mai Tr\u1ecdng Khoa (B\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n B\u1ea1ch Mai), m\u1ed9t chuy\u00ean gia h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 y h\u1ecdc h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam, \u201cc\u1ea3 \u0111\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0 ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n ung th\u01b0 v\u00e0 lu\u00f4n th\u1ea5y \u00e1p l\u1ef1c v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c\u201d, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ee9ng d\u1eady c\u1ea3m \u01a1n B\u1ed9 KH&CN c\u00f9ng Vi\u1ec7n N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nguy\u00ean t\u1eed Vi\u1ec7t Nam. \u00d4ng c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y m\u00ecnh c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m \u201cthay m\u1eb7t c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n ung th\u01b0 n\u00f3i l\u00ean l\u1eddi c\u1ea3m \u01a1n ch\u00e2n th\u00e0nh, d\u00f9 ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ai \u1ee7y quy\u1ec1n\u201d, b\u1edfi l\u1ebd \u201ctrong th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ea1i d\u1ecbch v\u1eeba r\u1ed3i, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1ecb ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 do \u0110\u00e0 L\u1ea1t cung c\u1ea5p th\u00ec c\u00f3 l\u1ebd \u0111\u01a1n c\u1eed h\u00e0ng v\u1ea1n b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n ung th\u01b0 tuy\u1ebfn gi\u00e1p \u1edf khoa ch\u00fang t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd ch\u1ebft. T\u00f4i \u0111\u1eb7t gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 v\u00ec m\u1ed9t l\u00fd do n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 l\u00f2 \u0110\u00e0 L\u1ea1t kh\u00f4ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00ec s\u1ebd v\u00f4 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee9u ch\u1eefa h\u00e0ng v\u1ea1n b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n \u0111\u00f3\u201d.<\/p>\n

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V\u1eady t\u1ea1i sao gi\u1ea5c m\u01a1 vi\u1ebft ti\u1ebfp c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n k\u1ef3 di\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f3, v\u1edbi danh s\u00e1ch c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1ecb v\u00e0 d\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5t ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u l\u00ean, tr\u00ean l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng m\u1edbi cho \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u1edd v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a th\u00e0nh hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c?<\/p>\n

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(C\u00f2n ti\u1ebfp)<\/p>\n

B\u00e0i \u0111\u0103ng KH&PT s\u1ed1 1358 (s\u1ed1 34\/2025)<\/p>\n

Thanh Nh\u00e0n<\/strong><\/p>\n

\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Trong l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nguy\u00ean t\u1eed v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n, ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u1ea1i c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u m\u1edbi nh\u01b0 hi\u1ec7n nay. T\u1ea1i sao l\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, khi Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \u0110\u00e0 L\u1ea1t?   Ph\u00f3 Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng Th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1ef1c […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":17957,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[26],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-17955","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tin-tong-hop"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17955","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=17955"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17955\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":17960,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17955\/revisions\/17960"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/17957"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=17955"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=17955"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=17955"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}