{"id":18633,"date":"2025-12-15T14:05:42","date_gmt":"2025-12-15T07:05:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/?p=18633"},"modified":"2025-12-15T14:10:58","modified_gmt":"2025-12-15T07:10:58","slug":"dien-hat-nhan-nho-loi-giai-cho-bai-toan-an-ninh-nang-luong-va-thu-hut-dau-tu-giai-doan-moi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/dien-hat-nhan-nho-loi-giai-cho-bai-toan-an-ninh-nang-luong-va-thu-hut-dau-tu-giai-doan-moi\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0110i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n nh\u1ecf: L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i cho b\u00e0i to\u00e1n an ninh n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 thu h\u00fat \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u1edbi"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh \u0111\u00f3, Ngh\u1ecb quy\u1ebft s\u1ed1 70-NQ\/TW c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i th\u00f4ng qua \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn “\u0111i tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t nh\u1ecbp”: An ninh n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t ngang h\u00e0ng v\u1edbi an ninh kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ea1nh tranh qu\u1ed1c gia. Trong t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00f3, vi\u1ec7c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n quy m\u00f4 nh\u1ecf (Small Modular Reactor – SMR) \u0111ang n\u1ed5i l\u00ean nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn b\u1ea3n l\u1ec1.<\/p>\n

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Khi “C\u1ed7 m\u00e1y ng\u1ed1n \u0111i\u1ec7n” AI tr\u1ed7i d\u1eady\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

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Kh\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea5t c\u00e1nh n\u1ebfu thi\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Vi\u1ec7t Nam, th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y c\u00e0ng gay g\u1eaft khi ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang chuy\u1ec3n m\u00ecnh sang c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p th\u00e2m d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng nh\u01b0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t chip b\u00e1n d\u1eabn, trung t\u00e2m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u (Data Center) v\u00e0 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o (AI).<\/p>\n

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$\"\"$ Vi\u1ec7c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n quy m\u00f4 nh\u1ecf (SMR) \u0111ang n\u1ed5i l\u00ean nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn b\u1ea3n l\u1ec1<\/em><\/p>\n

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Ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p AI v\u00e0 Big Data l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng “c\u1ed7 m\u00e1y ng\u1ed1n \u0111i\u1ec7n” theo \u0111\u00fang ngh\u0129a \u0111en. M\u1ed9t truy v\u1ea5n t\u1eeb c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh AI ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p ti\u00eau t\u1ed1n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng g\u1ea5p nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng. C\u00e1c trung t\u00e2m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 ch\u00fang \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n ch\u1ea1y n\u1ec1n li\u00ean t\u1ee5c 24\/7 v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i (99,99%) – \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o nh\u01b0 \u0111i\u1ec7n gi\u00f3 hay m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi kh\u00f3 l\u00f2ng \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp do ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft v\u00e0 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m qu\u00e1n t\u00ednh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n

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Th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng, kh\u00f4ng qu\u1ed1c gia ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u00e0o \u0111\u1eb7t c\u01b0\u1ee3c to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 an ninh n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0o c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh. N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o l\u00e0 t\u1ea5t y\u1ebfu, nh\u01b0ng c\u1ea7n nh\u1eefng ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n ch\u1ea1y n\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ee7 m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ec3 “neo” gi\u1eef s\u1ef1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh cho to\u00e0n h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n

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SMR: “Nh\u1ecf” v\u1ec1 quy m\u00f4, “l\u1edbn” v\u1ec1 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/strong><\/p>\n

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Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 d\u01b0 \u0111\u1ecba th\u1ee7y \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea1n ki\u1ec7t, SMR n\u1ed5i l\u00ean nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p kh\u1ea3 thi. Kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn, SMR c\u00f3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u00f4-\u0111un h\u00f3a v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t linh ho\u1ea1t (th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u01b0\u1edbi 300 MW m\u1ed7i m\u00f4-\u0111un), th\u1eddi gian x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ng\u1eafn h\u01a1n v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed \u0111a d\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n

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Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a SMR kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 n\u1eb1m \u1edf k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc, m\u00e0 \u1edf hai y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 then ch\u1ed1t: T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ea1y n\u1ec1n s\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 linh ho\u1ea1t – SMR c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp cho c\u00e1c khu c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, trung t\u00e2m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y \u00e1p l\u1ef1c qu\u00e1 t\u1ea3i l\u00ean l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n qu\u1ed1c gia.<\/p>\n

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An to\u00e0n v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i: C\u00e1c th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 SMR m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 “an to\u00e0n th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng” (passive safety) – t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf l\u00e0m m\u00e1t v\u00e0 ng\u1eaft l\u00f2 khi c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n s\u1ef1 can thi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi hay ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n ngo\u00e0i. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i t\u1ecfa t\u00e2m l\u00fd lo ng\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 an to\u00e0n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n trong c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng.<\/p>\n

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T\u1eeb c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi “C\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng?” \u0111\u1ebfn cam k\u1ebft r\u00f3t v\u1ed1n<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u00a0Khi nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 h\u1ecfi “c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng”, h\u1ecd \u0111ang t\u00ednh to\u00e1n r\u1ee7i ro. M\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n ch\u1eadp ch\u1eddn bu\u1ed9c h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m chi ph\u00ed d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ee9t g\u00e3y s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n nh\u1ecf trong quy ho\u1ea1ch l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t “t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch” m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd. N\u00f3 cam k\u1ebft m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n “v\u1eefng n\u1ec1n”, gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u r\u1ee7i ro cho c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 cao d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n. Trong cu\u1ed9c \u0111ua thu h\u00fat FDI ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao, h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 ph\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1eafng – thua.<\/p>\n

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B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, SMR c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ea3nh gh\u00e9p ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o cho giao th\u00f4ng xanh. Xe \u0111i\u1ec7n hay metro ch\u1ec9 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 “xanh” khi ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n s\u1ea1c cho ch\u00fang l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n s\u1ea1ch. SMR c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i cho h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ea1m s\u1ea1c v\u00e0 t\u00e0u \u0111i\u1ec7n ng\u1ea7m \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb – gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft tri\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e0i to\u00e1n m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u01b0\u1edbi hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i (v\u1eabn ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n) ch\u01b0a l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n

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Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3ng v\u1ed9i, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1eadm tr\u1ec5<\/strong><\/p>\n

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D\u00f9 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn, ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf r\u1eb1ng SMR kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 “c\u00e2y \u0111\u0169a th\u1ea7n” gi\u00e1 r\u1ebb ngay t\u1ee9c th\u00ec. Su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y v\u1eabn \u1edf m\u1ee9c cao so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, n\u1ebfu x\u00e9t \u0111\u1ebfn “chi ph\u00ed c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i” (thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i do thi\u1ebfu \u0111i\u1ec7n g\u00e2y ra cho n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf) v\u00e0 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng gi\u1ea3m gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh khi th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i h\u00f3a to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 kho\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng cho t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/p>\n

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Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn th\u1eadn tr\u1ecdng nh\u01b0ng ki\u00ean quy\u1ebft: V\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 – Khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch c\u00e1c t\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n l\u1edbn trong n\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c chuy\u1ec3n giao c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi (M\u1ef9, H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c, Nga…) \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb.<\/p>\n

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V\u1ec1 ph\u00e1p l\u00fd v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c: \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t. C\u1ea7n t\u00e1i kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n khung kh\u1ed5 ph\u00e1p l\u00fd, ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n an to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf. S\u1ef1 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb v\u1ec1 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p ph\u1ea3i \u0111i tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc so v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y.<\/p>\n

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\u0110i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n nh\u1ecf (SMR) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn nghi\u00eam t\u00fac c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111\u00fang v\u1ecb tr\u00ed trong chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u1ed1c gia. Khi ch\u00fang ta tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi “c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng” b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n SMR b\u00e0i b\u1ea3n, ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t con s\u1ed1 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t, m\u00e0 \u0111ang kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed9t t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 cam k\u1ebft v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t Vi\u1ec7t Nam ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng, n\u01a1i an ninh n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh b\u1ec7 ph\u00f3ng v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc cho m\u1ecdi d\u00f2ng v\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0 kh\u00e1t v\u1ecdng v\u01b0\u01a1n m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Trong phi\u00ean th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn t\u1ed5 ng\u00e0y 4.12 v\u1eeba qua, Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i Tr\u1ea7n Thanh M\u1eabn \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u ng\u1eafn g\u1ecdn nh\u01b0ng g\u00f3i tr\u1ecdn n\u1ed7i tr\u0103n tr\u1edf c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf: \u201cNh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 n\u00e0o v\u00e0o n\u01b0\u1edbc ta c\u0169ng h\u1ecfi c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng\u201d? C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi \u1ea5y t\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u1eebng mang t\u00ednh k\u1ef9 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":18635,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[26],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-18633","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tin-tong-hop"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18633","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=18633"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18633\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":18637,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18633\/revisions\/18637"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/18635"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=18633"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=18633"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=18633"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}