NANG LUONG VIET NAM – Khai b\u00fat \u0111\u1ea7u Xu\u00e2n B\u00ednh Ng\u1ecd (2026), tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u Planning, management and conduct of regulatory safety review and assessment for nuclear power plants (IAEA-SRS-125, 2025) v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u li\u00ean quan c\u1ee7a IAEA, chuy\u00ean gia T\u1ea1p ch\u00ed N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1eadp trung l\u00e0m r\u00f5: (i) N\u1ed9i h\u00e0m v\u00e0 ph\u1ea1m vi c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 an to\u00e0n ph\u00e1p quy \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n; (ii) Nh\u1eefng n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia m\u1edbi tri\u1ec3n khai (nh\u01b0 Vi\u1ec7t Nam) c\u1ea7n chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c n\u00e0y. (Ghi ch\u00fa: Trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y \u201c\u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 an to\u00e0n ph\u00e1p quy\u201d \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng bao h\u00e0m c\u1ea3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u201cxem x\u00e9t v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 an to\u00e0n ph\u00e1p quy\u201d theo \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a IAEA \u201cRegulatory safety review and assessment\u201d). R\u1ea5t mong nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 chia s\u1ebb c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n
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L\u1eddi khai b\u00fat \u0111\u1ea7u Xu\u00e2n B\u00ednh Ng\u1ecd:<\/strong><\/p>\n <\/p>\n Xu\u00e2n B\u00ednh Ng\u1ecd (2026) g\u00f5 c\u1eeda mang theo kh\u00ed th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a n\u0103m con Ng\u1ef1a – b\u1ec1n b\u1ec9, d\u1ebbo dai, kh\u00f4ng ng\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e0i. V\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam, \u0111\u00e2y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 l\u1eddi ch\u00fac cho m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00ec v\u1eefng v\u00e0ng ti\u1ebfn b\u01b0\u1edbc<\/strong>, \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn th\u00ec ki\u00ean tr\u00ec \u0111i t\u1edbi \u0111\u00edch<\/strong>, b\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 th\u1eadn tr\u1ecdng, b\u00e0i b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u0110\u1ea7u xu\u00e2n, c\u0169ng xin g\u1eedi g\u1eafm ni\u1ec1m tin v\u00e0 l\u1eddi ch\u00fac cho s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u00e0nh h\u00e0i h\u00f2a c\u1ee7a b\u1ed1n tr\u1ee5 c\u1ed9t: Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ki\u1ebfn t\u1ea1o ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch v\u00e0 khung ph\u00e1p l\u00fd v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc; \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p tri th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 kinh nghi\u1ec7m; c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng doanh nghi\u1ec7p mang tinh th\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3; ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n – ch\u1ee7 th\u1ec3 th\u1ee5 h\u01b0\u1edfng – c\u00f9ng tham gia, gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t, chia s\u1ebb tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00f9ng chung m\u1ed9t chu\u1ea9n m\u1ef1c: An to\u00e0n l\u00e0 tr\u00ean h\u1ebft, hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau v\u00e0 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng l\u1ec7 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n V\u00e0 h\u01a1n h\u1ebft, trong nh\u1ecbp chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng nhanh c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i, \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9ng ngo\u00e0i d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y chung, m\u00e0 h\u00f2a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0o m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c, chia s\u1ebb v\u00e0 g\u1eafn k\u1ebft v\u1edbi c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. M\u1ed9t ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n m\u1edf, minh b\u1ea1ch, h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c s\u1ebd l\u00e0 nh\u1ecbp c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec3 Vi\u1ec7t Nam b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i v\u1eefng v\u00e0ng, t\u1ef1 tin v\u00e0 c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m trong b\u1ee9c tranh n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Xu\u00e2n m\u1edbi – kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1edbi. Ch\u00fac cho \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam kh\u1edfi h\u00e0nh n\u0103m B\u00ednh Ng\u1ecd v\u1edbi tinh th\u1ea7n \u201cng\u1ef1a b\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e0i\u201d, v\u1eefng tay c\u01b0\u01a1ng, m\u1ea1nh \u00fd ch\u00ed, t\u1ef1 c\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f9ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n I. M\u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u:<\/strong><\/p>\n <\/p>\n Trong th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 tr\u01b0\u1edbc, Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng tri\u1ec3n khai ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ban \u0111\u1ea7u quan tr\u1ecdng v\u1ec1 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ngu\u1ed3n nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng khung ph\u00e1p quy v\u00e0 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd an to\u00e0n. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ch\u01b0a \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn giai \u0111o\u1ea1n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, nh\u1eefng n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng n\u00e0y v\u1eabn c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh nhu c\u1ea7u \u0111i\u1ec7n qu\u1ed1c gia ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c t\u0103ng cao, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u gi\u1ea3m ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i kh\u00ed nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng c\u1ea5p b\u00e1ch, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi xu th\u1ebf nhi\u1ec1u qu\u1ed1c gia quay tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, \u00edt carbon v\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady cao, Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111ang kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ea1i ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n trong trung v\u00e0 d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Trong ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y, \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 an to\u00e0n ph\u00e1p quy gi\u1eef vai tr\u00f2 then ch\u1ed1t, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ednh kh\u1ea3 thi k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc. Kinh nghi\u1ec7m qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf cho th\u1ea5y: S\u1ef1 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 an to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n II. \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 an to\u00e0n ph\u00e1p quy \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n:<\/strong><\/p>\n <\/p>\n Theo IAEA-SRS-125: \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 an to\u00e0n ph\u00e1p quy l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp v\u00e0 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng, do c\u01a1 quan ph\u00e1p quy th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n, nh\u1eb1m k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn li\u1ec7u nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u an to\u00e0n trong su\u1ed1t v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi hay kh\u00f4ng. Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u1edf vi\u1ec7c xem x\u00e9t h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 xin c\u1ea5p ph\u00e9p, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn d\u1ef1 \u00e1n.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Theo IAEA, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m 5 nh\u00f3m ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ch\u00ednh:<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t:<\/span> \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn h\u1ed3 s\u01a1. C\u01a1 quan ph\u00e1p quy ki\u1ec3m tra m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7, nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n v\u00e0 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u do ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 n\u1ed9p nh\u01b0 B\u00e1o c\u00e1o ph\u00e2n t\u00edch an to\u00e0n, \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 an to\u00e0n x\u00e1c su\u1ea5t, B\u00e1o c\u00e1o \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m, c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1. Tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u00f3, ph\u1ea1m vi v\u00e0 chi\u1ec1u s\u00e2u c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh; \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 chuy\u00ean gia tham gia.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Th\u1ee9 hai:<\/span> \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ednh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. N\u1ed9i dung \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 bao tr\u00f9m an to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m (\u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ea5n, l\u0169 l\u1ee5t, s\u00f3ng th\u1ea7n, kh\u00ed t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, h\u1ea3i v\u0103n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nguy h\u1ea1i b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i), ph\u00e2n t\u00edch an to\u00e0n t\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, ngo\u00e0i thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch x\u00e1c su\u1ea5t m\u1ee9c 1, m\u1ee9c 2 (v\u00e0 khi c\u1ea7n m\u1ee9c 3), ph\u00e2n t\u00edch s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 n\u1eb7ng, \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng an to\u00e0n, I&C (k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n), nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1, t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Th\u1ee9 ba:<\/span> X\u00e1c minh \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp. C\u01a1 quan ph\u00e1p quy, ho\u1eb7c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt (Technical Support Organization – TSO) th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n, m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng v\u00e0 so s\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c m\u00e3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh; \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ki\u1ec3m ch\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 th\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ecbnh (Verification and Validation – V&V) \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch m\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Th\u1ee9 t\u01b0:<\/span> Trao \u0111\u1ed5i k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1ed5 sung th\u00f4ng tin. Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1, c\u01a1 quan ph\u00e1p quy g\u1eedi c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u l\u00e0m r\u00f5 v\u1ec1 gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh, d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch; c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem x\u00e9t v\u00e0 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u00e0o k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Th\u1ee9 n\u0103m:<\/span> T\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ea5p ph\u00e9p. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p th\u00e0nh B\u00e1o c\u00e1o \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 an to\u00e0n (Safety Evaluation Report – SER), l\u00e0m c\u01a1 s\u1edf cho quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u00e1p quy: Ch\u1ea5p thu\u1eadn, ch\u1ea5p thu\u1eadn c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n, ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p thu\u1eadn.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng:<\/span> Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd tri th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c. H\u1ed3 s\u01a1, d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc kinh nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef, ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ti\u1ebfp theo c\u1ee7a v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y (nh\u01b0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh, s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 gia h\u1ea1n gi\u1ea5y ph\u00e9p).<\/p>\n <\/p>\n C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y, \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 an to\u00e0n ph\u00e1p quy kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chu\u1ed7i c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc r\u1eddi r\u1ea1c, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh li\u00ean t\u1ee5c, c\u00f3 t\u00ednh l\u1eb7p, trong \u0111\u00f3 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh ph\u1ea1m vi, chi\u1ec1u s\u00e2u v\u00e0 tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 ti\u1ebfp theo.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n IAEA nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh r\u1eb1ng: \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 an to\u00e0n ph\u00e1p quy \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u00e2u, ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd gi\u1eefa nhi\u1ec1u chuy\u00ean ng\u00e0nh v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd tri th\u1ee9c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng mang t\u00ednh th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n T\u1eeb b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ph\u1ea1m vi c\u1ee7a ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 an to\u00e0n ph\u00e1p quy n\u00eau tr\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y: \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c li\u00ean ng\u00e0nh s\u00e2u v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c – qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia m\u1edbi tri\u1ec3n khai \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n (trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 Vi\u1ec7t Nam), vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c trung t\u00e2m, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn trong ph\u1ea7n ti\u1ebfp theo.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n III. N\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi qu\u1ed1c gia m\u1edbi tri\u1ec3n khai nh\u01b0 Vi\u1ec7t Nam:<\/strong><\/p>\n <\/p>\n C\u01a1 quan ph\u00e1p quy c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng c\u00f3 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft (knowledgeable customer). \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 n\u1eafm v\u1eefng c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u00e1p l\u00fd, m\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n l\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u s\u00e2u c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean l\u00fd an to\u00e0n, c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111\u00fang c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, ho\u1eb7c t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, c\u1ea7n h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m chuy\u00ean gia n\u00f2ng c\u1ed1t trong nh\u1eefng l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt then ch\u1ed1t nh\u01b0: V\u1eadt l\u00fd l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng, th\u1ee7y nhi\u1ec7t, PSA, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 n\u1eb7ng, \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 nguy h\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m, c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng an to\u00e0n, I&C, nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p. Vi\u1ec7t Nam kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i t\u1ef1 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch chi ti\u1ebft ngay t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u, nh\u01b0ng b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra, so s\u00e1nh v\u00e0 x\u00e1c minh \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp c\u00e1c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 do ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0, ho\u1eb7c t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n cung c\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n M\u1ed9t n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c quan tr\u1ecdng kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m ch\u1ee9ng c\u00e1c m\u00e3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n an to\u00e0n. C\u01a1 quan ph\u00e1p quy v\u00e0 TSO c\u1ea7n ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn v\u00e0 l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch chu\u1ea9n; \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 V&V \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, thay v\u00ec ch\u1ec9 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n Theo IAEA-SRS-125: TSO l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u1ea5u ph\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 an to\u00e0n ph\u00e1p quy, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia m\u1edbi tri\u1ec3n khai \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Vi\u1ec7t Nam, m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng TSO hai t\u1ea7ng, bao g\u1ed3m TSO n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 g\u1eafn v\u1edbi c\u01a1 quan ph\u00e1p quy v\u00e0 TSO b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i huy \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c khoa h\u1ecdc – c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 trong n\u01b0\u1edbc, k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u00f3 ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc v\u1edbi t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n TSO n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 – Tr\u1ee5 c\u1ed9t b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c l\u00f5i qu\u1ed1c gia:<\/strong><\/p>\n <\/p>\n TSO n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 (tr\u1ef1c thu\u1ed9c, ho\u1eb7c g\u1eafn ch\u1eb7t v\u1edbi c\u01a1 quan ph\u00e1p quy h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n) gi\u1eef vai tr\u00f2 n\u00f2ng c\u1ed1t trong to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 an to\u00e0n ph\u00e1p quy. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thu\u00ea ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, duy tr\u00ec l\u00e2u d\u00e0i trong n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a TSO n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9:<\/span><\/p>\n <\/p>\n – X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 an to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng c\u00f3 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ecdi h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 v\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch do ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0, ho\u1eb7c t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n cung c\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n – Ch\u1ee7 tr\u00ec l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 an to\u00e0n theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn d\u1ef1 \u00e1n (project-based approach), bao g\u1ed3m x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u1ea1m vi, m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 chi ti\u1ebft v\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1.<\/p>\n – Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p (integrated assessment) \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 an to\u00e0n, bao tr\u00f9m c\u00e1c kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh t\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, x\u00e1c su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 n\u1eb7ng.<\/p>\n – So\u1ea1n th\u1ea3o v\u00e0 ban h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1ed5 sung th\u00f4ng tin, \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u00e0o k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1.<\/p>\n – T\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh B\u00e1o c\u00e1o \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 an to\u00e0n, l\u00e0m c\u01a1 s\u1edf k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt cho quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u00e1p quy.<\/p>\n – \u0110i\u1ec1u ph\u1ed1i, gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t, th\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a TSO b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i, t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m t\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp c\u1ee7a k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n N\u0103ng l\u1ef1c l\u00f5i b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a TSO n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9:<\/span><\/p>\n <\/p>\n IAEA nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh r\u1eb1ng: TSO n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 c\u00e1c n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c sau, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i:<\/p>\n <\/p>\n – B\u00e1o c\u00e1o ph\u00e2n t\u00edch an to\u00e0n (SAR) \u1edf c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n – \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 an to\u00e0n t\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh (DSA).<\/p>\n – Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch an to\u00e0n x\u00e1c su\u1ea5t (PSA) m\u1ee9c 1 v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c 2.<\/p>\n – Hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 n\u1eb7ng.<\/p>\n – \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n – \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m ch\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 th\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u00e3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n an to\u00e0n.<\/p>\n – N\u0103ng l\u1ef1c t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p li\u00ean ng\u00e0nh v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a ra k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn ph\u00e1p quy \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p then ch\u1ed1t:<\/span><\/p>\n <\/p>\n TSO n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i t\u1ef1 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ecdi ph\u00e9p t\u00ednh chi ti\u1ebft, nh\u01b0ng b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ee7 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u, ki\u1ec3m tra, so s\u00e1nh v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp.<\/p>\n TSO b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i – Ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u v\u00e0 b\u1ed5 tr\u1ee3 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt:<\/strong><\/p>\n TSO b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c vi\u1ec7n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 trung t\u00e2m chuy\u00ean ng\u00e0nh trong n\u01b0\u1edbc (nh\u01b0 Vi\u1ec7n N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Nguy\u00ean t\u1eed Vi\u1ec7t Nam – VINATOM v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb li\u00ean quan) \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 b\u1ed5 tr\u1ee3 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u cho TSO n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a TSO b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i:<\/span><\/p>\n <\/p>\n – Cung c\u1ea5p d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1eb7c th\u00f9 v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u trong c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c m\u00e0 TSO n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng duy tr\u00ec \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean.<\/p>\n – Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch chi ti\u1ebft, m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng v\u00e0 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m, ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n – H\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 x\u00e1c minh \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp c\u00e1c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c TSO n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n – Tham gia nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u – ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n (R&D) nh\u1eb1m duy tr\u00ec v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng cao n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c qu\u1ed1c gia trong d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n – \u0110\u00e0o t\u1ea1o, chuy\u1ec3n giao tri th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ngu\u1ed3n nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c k\u1ebf c\u1eadn cho TSO n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Nh\u1eefng n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p giao cho TSO b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i:<\/span><\/p>\n <\/p>\n – Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nguy h\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m.<\/p>\n – Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac, c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng c\u1ef1c h\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n – M\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng th\u1ee7y nhi\u1ec7t chi ti\u1ebft, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0 k\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n – Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 I&C.<\/p>\n – Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch ph\u00e1t t\u00e1n ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng trong c\u00e1c k\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf – C\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng thay th\u1ebf n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c trong n\u01b0\u1edbc:<\/strong><\/p>\n <\/p>\n IAEA khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia m\u1edbi tri\u1ec3n khai \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u. Tuy nhi\u00ean, t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thay th\u1ebf vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a TSO trong n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Nh\u1eefng n\u1ed9i dung c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thu\u00ea t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf:<\/span><\/p>\n <\/p>\n – H\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi, ho\u1eb7c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n – Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n so s\u00e1nh v\u00e0 x\u00e1c minh ch\u00e9o c\u00e1c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p.<\/p>\n – H\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n giao ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadn.<\/p>\n – Tham gia xem x\u00e9t \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u1ea5p (peer review), ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp theo y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 quan ph\u00e1p quy.<\/p>\n Nh\u1eefng n\u1ed9i dung kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf:<\/span><\/p>\n – K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng v\u1ec1 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u an to\u00e0n.<\/p>\n – So\u1ea1n th\u1ea3o SER v\u00e0 khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb c\u1ea5p ph\u00e9p.<\/p>\n – \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 v\u00e0 nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n c\u1ee7a h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 an to\u00e0n t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i:<\/span><\/p>\n <\/p>\n Vi\u1ec7t Nam ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ee7 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 \u201c\u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng \u0111\u00fang, gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t \u0111\u00fang v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c\u201d c\u1ee7a t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb gia t\u0103ng cho n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c qu\u1ed1c gia:<\/strong><\/p>\n Trong m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh TSO hai t\u1ea7ng, TSO n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ed1i k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m ph\u00e2n c\u00f4ng nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5, r\u00e0 so\u00e1t k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u00e0o \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3. TSO b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0 t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf cung c\u1ea5p chi\u1ec1u s\u00e2u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng tham gia v\u00e0o quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u00e1p quy.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 s\u1ebd mang l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb gia t\u0103ng quan tr\u1ecdng:<\/span><\/p>\n <\/p>\n – B\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp v\u00e0 minh b\u1ea1ch c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 an to\u00e0n.<\/p>\n – T\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c khoa h\u1ecdc – c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 trong n\u01b0\u1edbc, gi\u1ea3m ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c l\u00e2u d\u00e0i v\u00e0o b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i.<\/p>\n – H\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi chuy\u00ean gia qu\u1ed1c gia trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c an to\u00e0n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n.<\/p>\n – \u0110\u1eb7t n\u1ec1n m\u00f3ng cho n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 an to\u00e0n b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng, ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c n\u00eau tr\u00ean, vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 an to\u00e0n c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 h\u00f3a th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau, m\u1ed1c th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 theo d\u00f5i r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng. B\u1ea3ng 1 \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c ch\u00ednh (KPI) tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m cho l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 an to\u00e0n ph\u00e1p quy \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n B\u1ea3ng 1: KPI ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 an to\u00e0n:<\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n Song song v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau theo m\u1ed1c th\u1eddi gian, vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 c\u00e1c n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i theo t\u1eebng l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ti\u00ean quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o, ph\u00e2n c\u00f4ng nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng. B\u1ea3ng 2 t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp cho ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 an to\u00e0n nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n B\u1ea3ng 2: N\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i cho \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 an to\u00e0n nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n:<\/p>\n <\/p>\n y\u00eau c\u1ea7u<\/strong><\/td>\n \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n\n <\/p>\n IV<\/strong>. \u0110\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch n\u00e2ng cao n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 an to\u00e0n ph\u00e1p quy cho Vi\u1ec7t Nam:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n <\/p>\n D\u1ef1a tr\u00ean khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb c\u1ee7a IAEA-SRS-125 v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam, vi\u1ec7c n\u00e2ng cao n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 an to\u00e0n ph\u00e1p quy c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec3n khai theo l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc, g\u1eafn ch\u1eb7t v\u1edbi ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n qu\u1ed1c gia.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 1 (2025-2027)<\/span>: C\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c l\u00f5i:<\/p>\n <\/p>\n – Ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n khung n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 an to\u00e0n ph\u00e1p quy v\u00e0 ti\u00eau ch\u00ed ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn th\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ecbnh vi\u00ean.<\/p>\n – \u0110\u00e0o t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 n\u00f2ng c\u1ed1t trong c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c then ch\u1ed1t.<\/p>\n – Thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf huy \u0111\u1ed9ng TSO b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i trong n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf c\u00f3 ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 2 (2027-2030)<\/span>: H\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp:<\/p>\n <\/p>\n – Th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp TSO qu\u1ed1c gia v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 chuy\u00ean gia to\u00e0n th\u1eddi gian.<\/p>\n – L\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 m\u00e3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch an to\u00e0n ch\u1ee7 ch\u1ed1t v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 V&V \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp.<\/p>\n – Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c b\u00e0i t\u1eadp \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 th\u1eed (mock review) \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf tham chi\u1ebfu.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 3 (sau 2030)<\/span>: C\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 v\u00e0 h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf:<\/p>\n <\/p>\n – Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 an to\u00e0n to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n – Tham gia c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh xem x\u00e9t (\u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1) c\u1ee7a IAEA.<\/p>\n – T\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p chuy\u00ean gia Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0o c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n L\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p Vi\u1ec7t Nam ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 an to\u00e0n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t, tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 d\u00e0n tr\u1ea3i; \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m t\u00ednh s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng khi ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1i kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n V. K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn v\u00e0 khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch cho Vi\u1ec7t Nam:<\/strong><\/p>\n <\/p>\n Theo IAEA-SRS-125: \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 an to\u00e0n ph\u00e1p quy \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n, \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp v\u00e0 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng, bao tr\u00f9m to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y – t\u1eeb l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m, thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh, cho \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 gia h\u1ea1n gi\u1ea5y ph\u00e9p. \u0110\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng mang t\u00ednh th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 quan ph\u00e1p quy, c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 an to\u00e0n, t\u00ednh minh b\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia m\u1edbi tri\u1ec3n khai nh\u01b0 Vi\u1ec7t Nam, th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng n\u1eb1m \u1edf vi\u1ec7c ban h\u00e0nh th\u00eam c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt, m\u00e0 \u1edf vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 an to\u00e0n ph\u00e1p quy th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1ee7 s\u00e2u \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, \u0111\u1ee7 r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u0111a chuy\u00ean ng\u00e0nh, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee7 b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u l\u00e2u d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u00f3, b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch ch\u1ee7 ch\u1ed1t sau:<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t:<\/strong> X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 an to\u00e0n ph\u00e1p quy l\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5p qu\u1ed1c gia, c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0u ti\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 s\u1edbm v\u00e0 d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n (t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng ph\u00e1p l\u00fd v\u00e0 h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n). Vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c n\u00e0y c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c, ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh qu\u1ed1c gia v\u1ec1 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc – c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Th\u1ee9 hai:<\/strong> C\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 vai tr\u00f2 trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 quan ph\u00e1p quy v\u00e0 TSO n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9. Coi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thu\u00ea ngo\u00e0i. TSO n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ee7 m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 \u201ckh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng c\u00f3 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft\u201d, ch\u1ee7 tr\u00ec qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 an to\u00e0n, t\u00edch h\u1ee3p k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111a chuy\u00ean ng\u00e0nh v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a ra k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn ph\u00e1p quy \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Th\u1ee9 ba:<\/strong> Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi TSO b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i trong n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c vi\u1ec7n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c khoa h\u1ecdc – c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3, v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n c\u00f4ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u1ec1 ph\u1ea1m vi, tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p, nh\u1eb1m b\u1ed5 tr\u1ee3 chi\u1ec1u s\u00e2u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng ngu\u1ed3n nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c k\u1ebf c\u1eadn.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Th\u1ee9 t\u01b0:<\/strong> S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc, c\u00f3 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau, t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o chuy\u1ec3n giao ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadn, \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u v\u00e0 x\u00e1c minh ch\u00e9o c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng thay th\u1ebf vai tr\u00f2 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1, k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 quan ph\u00e1p quy v\u00e0 TSO trong n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng:<\/strong> G\u1eafn ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 an to\u00e0n v\u1edbi l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n qu\u1ed1c gia, b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m s\u1ef1 nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n gi\u1eefa ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch, ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n tri\u1ec3n khai. Ch\u1ec9 khi n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 an to\u00e0n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 v\u00e0 \u0111i tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span>, Vi\u1ec7t Nam m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng, an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng trong vi\u1ec7c xem x\u00e9t t\u00e1i kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.\/.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n H\u1ed8I \u0110\u1ed2NG KHOA H\u1eccC T\u1ea0P CH\u00cd N\u0102NG L\u01af\u1ee2NG VI\u1ec6T NAM<\/strong><\/p>\n \n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" NANG LUONG VIET NAM – Khai b\u00fat \u0111\u1ea7u Xu\u00e2n B\u00ednh Ng\u1ecd (2026), tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u Planning, management and conduct of regulatory safety review and assessment for nuclear power plants (IAEA-SRS-125, 2025) v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u li\u00ean quan c\u1ee7a IAEA, chuy\u00ean gia T\u1ea1p ch\u00ed N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1eadp trung l\u00e0m r\u00f5: (i) N\u1ed9i […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":18969,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[26],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-18968","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tin-tong-hop"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18968","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=18968"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18968\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":18973,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18968\/revisions\/18973"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/18969"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=18968"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=18968"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=18968"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}\n
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\n M\u1ed1c th\u1eddi gian<\/strong><\/td>\n M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c ch\u00ednh<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n\n \n \u0110\u1ebfn 2027<\/td>\n Ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n Khung n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 an to\u00e0n; ban h\u00e0nh c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn th\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ecbnh vi\u00ean<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n \u0110\u1ebfn 2028<\/td>\n \u0110\u00e0o t\u1ea1o \u224850 th\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ecbnh vi\u00ean trung c\u1ea5p, \u224810 th\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ecbnh vi\u00ean cao c\u1ea5p trong c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c then ch\u1ed1t<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n \u0110\u1ebfn 2030<\/td>\n Th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp TSO qu\u1ed1c gia v\u1edbi \u226530 chuy\u00ean gia to\u00e0n th\u1eddi gian, c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n \u0110\u1ebfn 2031<\/td>\n C\u01a1 quan ph\u00e1p quy c\u00f3 100-150 nh\u00e2n s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ee7 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 an to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n D\u00e0i h\u1ea1n<\/td>\n Tham gia xem x\u00e9t (\u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1) ngang h\u00e0ng qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a IAEA; c\u00f3 b\u00e1o c\u00e1o V&V v\u00e0 SER \u0111\u1ea1t chu\u1ea9n qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n \n\n
\n Nh\u00f3m l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c<\/strong><\/td>\n M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9<\/strong><\/p>\n N\u0103ng l\u1ef1c th\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i<\/strong><\/td>\n Minh ch\u1ee9ng<\/strong><\/p>\n \n V\u1eadt l\u00fd l\u00f2 & Th\u1ee7y nhi\u1ec7t<\/td>\n Trung\/Cao<\/td>\n Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch neutron, chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp, LOCA, SBO (MCNP, SERPENT, RELAP5\/TRACE)<\/td>\n B\u00e1o c\u00e1o m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng, h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 V&V<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n Nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u & v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u<\/td>\n Trung\/Cao<\/td>\n \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t, nhi\u1ec7t, suy tho\u00e1i nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u<\/td>\n B\u00e1o c\u00e1o \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n An to\u00e0n h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng & bao ch\u1eafn<\/td>\n Trung<\/td>\n \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n, r\u00f2 r\u1ec9, ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng an to\u00e0n<\/td>\n SAR\/DBA<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 n\u1eb7ng (SAA)<\/td>\n Cao<\/td>\n Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1, ngu\u1ed3n ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i<\/td>\n B\u00e1o c\u00e1o SAA, h\u1ed9i th\u1ea3o qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n PSA<\/td>\n Cao<\/td>\n PSA m\u1ee9c 1-2, c\u00e2y l\u1ed7i\/s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n, b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/td>\n B\u00e1o c\u00e1o PSA, peer review<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n M\u1ed1i nguy \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m & c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac<\/td>\n Trung\/Cao<\/td>\n \u0110\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t, l\u0169, t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng c\u1ef1c h\u1ea1n<\/td>\n B\u00e1o c\u00e1o hazard\/structure<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n I&C v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m an to\u00e0n<\/td>\n Trung<\/td>\n D\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng, \u0111a d\u1ea1ng, V&V ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m<\/td>\n B\u00e1o c\u00e1o th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m\/audit<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n Nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi (HRA)<\/td>\n Trung<\/td>\n Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch l\u1ed7i con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, giao di\u1ec7n v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh<\/td>\n B\u00e1o c\u00e1o HRA, m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n B\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 & m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/td>\n C\u01a1 b\u1ea3n\/Trung<\/td>\n \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 li\u1ec1u, che ch\u1eafn, ALARA<\/td>\n B\u00e1o c\u00e1o li\u1ec1u<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n \u1ee8ng ph\u00f3 kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p<\/td>\n Trung<\/td>\n Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch ph\u00e1t t\u00e1n, k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3<\/td>\n Di\u1ec5n t\u1eadp, b\u00e1o c\u00e1o \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n Lu\u1eadt, QA & c\u1ea5p ph\u00e9p<\/td>\n Trung\/Cao<\/td>\n Quy tr\u00ecnh c\u1ea5p ph\u00e9p, QA, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh<\/td>\n H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 ph\u00e1p quy, audit<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 an to\u00e0n & SER<\/td>\n Cao<\/td>\n T\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p, l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn an to\u00e0n, k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn ph\u00e1p quy<\/td>\n <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n