{"id":1973,"date":"2018-09-05T08:57:32","date_gmt":"2018-09-05T01:57:32","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/?p=1973"},"modified":"2023-11-28T16:41:07","modified_gmt":"2023-11-28T09:41:07","slug":"dien-hat-nhan-van-tiep-tuc-tang-truong-on-dinh","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/dien-hat-nhan-van-tiep-tuc-tang-truong-on-dinh\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0110i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>S\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u n\u0103m 2017 t\u0103ng n\u0103m th\u1ee9 n\u0103m li\u00ean ti\u1ebfp, \u0111\u1ea1t 2506 TWh<\/strong>, theo m\u1ed9t b\u00e1o c\u00e1o m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i H\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i cho bi\u1ebft ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n \u0111ang nh\u1eafm t\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n H\u00e0i h\u00f2a (Harmony Programme).<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-13280\" src=\"http:\/\/tvdt.vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/05.9.2018.1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"730\" height=\"410\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/05.9.2018.1.jpg 730w, https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/05.9.2018.1-300x168.jpg 300w, https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/05.9.2018.1-150x84.jpg 150w, https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/05.9.2018.1-696x391.jpg 696w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 730px) 100vw, 730px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Trong <strong><em>B\u00e1o c\u00e1o Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi n\u0103m 2018<\/em><\/strong>, Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e3 n\u00eau chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u trong x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m qua. Ngo\u00e0i ra, b\u00e1o c\u00e1o c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0a ra 5 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 bao g\u1ed3m: vi\u1ec7c m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e2u \u0111\u1eddi nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea1t k\u1ef7 l\u1ee5c H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 kh\u1ea3 d\u1ee5ng (Availability Factor &#8211; AF) 100%, vi\u1ec7c kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ea1i hai l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \u1edf Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh ba m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng m\u1edbi t\u1ea1i Trung Qu\u1ed1c, Nga v\u00e0 H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">V\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 2017, c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a 448 l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \u0111ang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea1t m\u1ee9c 392 GWe, t\u0103ng 2 GWe so v\u1edbi cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 2016. B\u1ed1n l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n, v\u1edbi t\u1ed5ng c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t 3373 MWe. T\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng gi\u1ea3m \u0111i 2 l\u00f2, c\u00f2n 59 l\u00f2 trong n\u0103m 2017. \u00a0N\u0103m l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng &#8211; hai trong s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 ng\u1eebng ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0i n\u0103m qua &#8211; v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t t\u1ed5ng l\u00e0 3025 MWe, \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eeda.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Th\u1eddi gian x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng trung b\u00ecnh trong n\u0103m 2017 l\u00e0 58 th\u00e1ng, gi\u1ea3m so v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c 74 th\u00e1ng n\u0103m 2016, v\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng th\u1eddi gian x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng trung b\u00ecnh 5 n\u0103m th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 2001-2005.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-13279\" src=\"http:\/\/tvdt.vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/05.9.2018.2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"730\" height=\"370\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/05.9.2018.2.jpg 730w, https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/05.9.2018.2-300x152.jpg 300w, https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/05.9.2018.2-150x76.jpg 150w, https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/05.9.2018.2-696x353.jpg 696w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 730px) 100vw, 730px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eb7t (Capacity Factor &#8211; CF) cho to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ee9ng \u1edf m\u1ee9c <strong>81% trong n\u0103m 2017<\/strong>, duy tr\u00ec m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng cao c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u1edf kho\u1ea3ng 80% su\u1ed1t t\u1eeb n\u0103m 2000, t\u0103ng t\u1eeb m\u1ee9c h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 CF trung b\u00ecnh 60% v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1980. \u201cN\u00f3i chung, h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 CF cao n\u00f3i l\u00ean r\u1eb1ng nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111ang v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh t\u1ed1t\u201d, Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i H\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi cho bi\u1ebft. &#8220;Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 qu\u1ed1c gia, xu h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1c l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng <strong>\u1edf ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh theo t\u1ea3i<\/strong> (a load-following mode) ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng<strong>, <\/strong>d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c <em>h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eb7t<\/em> <em>h\u00e0ng n\u0103m<\/em> <em>b\u1ecb gi\u1ea3m \u0111i<\/em>&#8220;.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i l\u01b0u \u00fd r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 n\u00e0o li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd c\u1ee7a l\u00f2 trong ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n. <em>H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t trung b\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n trong n\u0103m n\u0103m qua kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 n\u00e0o b\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5p tu\u1ed5i t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">B\u00e0 Agneta Rising, T\u1ed5ng gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i H\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh: <strong><em>\u201cKh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n<\/em><\/strong>. Ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i huy \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng carbon th\u1ea5p. S\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i t\u0103ng l\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n H\u00e0i h\u00f2a l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o cung c\u1ea5p 25% nhu c\u1ea7u \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2050.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n H\u00e0i h\u00f2a (Harmony Goal) s\u1ebd \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i t\u0103ng s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n l\u00ean <strong>g\u1ea5p ba l\u1ea7n<\/strong> so v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i. \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u0111\u00f3, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng th\u00eam c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n m\u1edbi v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t kho\u1ea3ng <strong>1000 GWe.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u201cTuy v\u1eabn c\u00f2n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n H\u00e0i h\u00f2a, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3, c\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh \u00a0l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n m\u1edbi\u201d, B\u00e0 Rising n\u00f3i. \u201cTrong n\u0103m 2015 v\u00e0 2016, m\u1ed7i n\u0103m \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t g\u1ea7n 10 GWe c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n m\u1edbi v\u00e0 n\u0103m 2017 con s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 khi\u00eam t\u1ed1n h\u01a1n, ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1t tr\u00ean 3,3 GWe. Tuy nhi\u00ean, n\u0103m 2018 v\u00e0 2019 s\u1ebd c\u00f3 h\u01a1n 26 GWe \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00ean k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n, \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 cho giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u0103m n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean n\u00e0y\u201d.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">B\u00e0 Agneta Rising cho bi\u1ebft th\u00eam: \u201cTrong th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 t\u1edbi, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i\u00a0 gia t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ed5 sung c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n m\u1edbi c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n H\u00e0i h\u00f2a \u0111\u1ec3 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee9c <em>trung b\u00ecnh<\/em> <em>c\u00f3 33 GWe c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam v\u00e0o m\u1ed7i n\u0103m<\/em>. C\u1ea7n c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng <strong>\u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00e1i c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft<\/strong> \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c n\u00e0y&#8221;.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i H\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh <strong><em>ba l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/em><\/strong> \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3: <em>thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t s\u00e2n ch\u01a1i b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng trong th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i\u1ec7n, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1p quy h\u00e0i ho\u00e0 v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh an to\u00e0n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><strong>Bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch v\u00e0 ch\u00fa gi\u1ea3i: Nguy\u1ec5n Th\u1ecb Y\u00ean Ninh- Ban HTQT-Vi\u1ec7n NLNTVN<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"wc-shortcodes-box wc-shortcodes-item wc-shortcodes-content wc-shortcodes-clearfix wc-shortcodes-box-secondary \" style=\"text-align:;\">\n<p><strong>Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch t\u1eeb ng\u1eef: <\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><em>Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n h\u00e0i h\u00f2a<\/em><\/strong><strong> (The Harmony Programme)<\/strong> l\u00e0 Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh do Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i H\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi (World Nuclear Association &#8211; WNA) kh\u1edfi x\u01b0\u1edbng. Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0a ra <em>t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn<\/em> c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec7n. \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng s\u1ea1ch, gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3 h\u1ee3p l\u00fd v\u00e0 tin c\u1eady, ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng carbon th\u1ea5p nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \u0111a d\u1ea1ng h\u00f3a c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. \u0110\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n ph\u1ea3i gia t\u0103ng, \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau cung c\u1ea5p 25% s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2050 th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c b\u1ed5 sung m\u1edbi 1000 GW c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n. <em>Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n H\u00e0i h\u00f2a<\/em> \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u1eb1m gi\u00fap cho ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan ch\u1ee7 ch\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1 b\u1ecf c\u00e1c r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n. T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau 1000 GWe c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a <em>Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n h\u00e0i h\u00f2a<\/em> v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2050 l\u00e0: 10 GWe \/ n\u0103m giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 2016 \u2013 2020; 25 GWe \/ n\u0103m giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 2021 &#8211; 2025 v\u00e0 \u00a033 GWe \/ n\u0103m giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 2026 \u2013 2050<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>Thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t s\u00e2n ch\u01a1i b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng trong th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/em> nh\u1eb1m t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng carbon th\u1ea5p hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 v\u00e0 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea1ch trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai, n\u01a1i m\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 carbon th\u1ea5p kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00e0 <em>m\u1ed9t ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng carbon th\u1ea5p \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady v\u00e0 linh ho\u1ea1<\/em><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng <em>c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1p quy h\u00e0i h\u00f2a<\/em> nh\u1eb1m thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ea5p ph\u00e9p h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p h\u01a1n, hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ean quy m\u00f4 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, nh\u1eb1m t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 an ninh.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh an to\u00e0n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3<\/em> h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0o ph\u00fac l\u1ee3i c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00edch th\u1ef1c, trong \u0111\u00f3 nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i \u00edch v\u1ec1 s\u1ee9c kho\u1ebb, m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n c\u1ee7a n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn h\u01a1n khi so s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1c.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\" start=\"2\">\n<li><strong>H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eb7t<\/strong> (<strong>Capacity Factor<\/strong>) l\u00e0 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ee9 nguy\u00ean c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf trong m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u00ean s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1ed1i \u0111a c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t ra trong kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u00f3. H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh cho b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u00e0o, nh\u01b0 nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n ch\u1ea1y b\u1eb1ng nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 gi\u00f3 ho\u1eb7c m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi. H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eb7t trung b\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh cho b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 lo\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u00e0o v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 so s\u00e1nh c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c nhau. (theo: <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Capacity_factor\">https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Capacity_factor<\/a> )<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\" start=\"3\">\n<li><strong>H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 kh\u1ea3 d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/strong> &#8211; <strong>Availability Factor<\/strong> (AF) l\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1eddi gian m\u00e0 nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n trong m\u1ed9t giai \u0111o\u1ea1n nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh chia cho l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1eddi gian trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u00f3. Nh\u1eefng th\u1eddi gian m\u00e0 nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y ch\u1ea1y ch\u1ec9 v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1ea5u tr\u1eeb. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1ea5u tr\u1eeb, h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 kh\u1ea3 d\u1ee5ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng (EAF). H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 kh\u1ea3 d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c nhau t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o lo\u1ea1i nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u, thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y. Khi m\u1ecdi y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 nhau, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y ch\u1ea1y \u00edt th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean h\u01a1n c\u00f3 c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 AF cao h\u01a1n v\u00ec ch\u00fang \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi \u00edt th\u1eddi gian b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec h\u01a1n, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi trong th\u1eddi gian nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y kh\u00f4ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u0169ng d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ee3t thanh tra v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec h\u01a1n. H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 than, \u0111\u1ecba nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 AF dao \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb 70% \u0111\u1ebfn 90%.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify; padding-left: 30px;\">Kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 kh\u1ea3 d\u1ee5ng AF v\u1edbi H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eb7t CF. H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 CF trong m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 AF cho c\u00f9ng k\u1ef3. Hay n\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, khi nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf m\u1ee9c th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 (full capacity) th\u00ec H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 CF lu\u00f4n nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 AF.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify; padding-left: 30px;\">(theo <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Availability_factor\">https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Availability_factor<\/a>)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>S\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u n\u0103m 2017 t\u0103ng n\u0103m th\u1ee9 n\u0103m li\u00ean ti\u1ebfp, \u0111\u1ea1t 2506 TWh, theo m\u1ed9t b\u00e1o c\u00e1o m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i H\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i cho bi\u1ebft ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n \u0111ang nh\u1eafm t\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":13280,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[25,16],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1973","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tin-quoc-te","category-tin-tuc"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1973","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1973"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1973\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13282,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1973\/revisions\/13282"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/13280"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1973"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1973"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1973"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}