{"id":2908,"date":"2019-03-19T14:16:52","date_gmt":"2019-03-19T07:16:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/?p=2908"},"modified":"2019-03-19T14:16:52","modified_gmt":"2019-03-19T07:16:52","slug":"40-nam-sau-tai-nan-o-three-mile-island-cac-nha-may-dien-hat-nhan-van-nam-trong-so-nhung-co-so-an-toan-nhat-cua-hoa-ky","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/40-nam-sau-tai-nan-o-three-mile-island-cac-nha-may-dien-hat-nhan-van-nam-trong-so-nhung-co-so-an-toan-nhat-cua-hoa-ky\/","title":{"rendered":"40 n\u0103m sau tai n\u1ea1n \u1edf Three Mile Island, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n v\u1eabn n\u1eb1m trong s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng c\u01a1 s\u1edf an to\u00e0n nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Hoa K\u1ef3"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ng\u00e0y 28 th\u00e1ng 3 \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u 40 n\u0103m k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb v\u1ee5 tai n\u1ea1n l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1i t\u1ed5 m\u00e1y s\u1ed1 2 nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n Three Mile \u00a0Island (TMI). Tai n\u1ea1n n\u00e0y l\u00e0 do s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y trong vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00fang \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh trong s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">V\u1ee5 tai n\u1ea1n TMI l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u201cth\u1eed th\u00e1ch\u201d v\u1ec1 v\u0103n h\u00f3a an to\u00e0n cho n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u1eb7t cho ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. V\u00e0 trong khi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u00e1o c\u00e1o v\u1ec1 th\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00edch ho\u1eb7c \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u00f3 h\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9 \u0111\u00e3 r\u00fat ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc quan tr\u1ecdng k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng n\u00e2ng cao s\u1ef1 an to\u00e0n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y qua t\u1eebng n\u0103m v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><em><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-2909 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/19.3.19.4.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"783\" height=\"588\" \/>Nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n Three Mile Island (\u1ea2nh: Techknowbits.com) <\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Do \u0111\u00f3, <strong><em>\u201cs\u1ef1 an to\u00e0n l\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng t\u1ed1i cao \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ecdi nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Hoa K\u1ef3\u201d<\/em><\/strong> (<em>nguy\u00ean v\u0103n: <\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nei.org\/fundamentals\/safety\"><em>safety is in the DNA of every U.S. nuclear plant<\/em><\/a>). C\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o nhi\u1ec1u ti\u00eau ch\u00ed \u00a0\u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 kh\u00e1c nhau &#8211; t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 m\u1eafc l\u1ed7i do con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, th\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00edch c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n ho\u1eb7c l\u1ed7i thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, s\u1ed1 l\u1ea7n d\u1eebng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ngo\u00e0i d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p \u2013 vi\u1ec7c v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t <em>tr\u01a1n tru, \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng minh<\/em> <em>(smooth, stable and smart).<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n \u0111ang theo \u0111u\u1ed5i m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh an to\u00e0n chung v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c an to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, Vi\u1ec7n V\u1eadn h\u00e0nh Nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0110i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n (<a href=\"http:\/\/www.inpo.info\/\">Institute of Nuclear Power Operations<\/a>), \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ki\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbnh chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng, bao g\u1ed3m ki\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbnh ngang h\u00e0ng, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 s\u1ebd \u0111i ki\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y sang \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra r\u1ea5t kh\u1eaft khe l\u1eabn nhau v\u1ec1 m\u1ecdi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ngo\u00e0i ra, gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y s\u1ebd th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o t\u00f3m t\u1eaft cho nhau v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c tr\u1ee5c tr\u1eb7c, \u00a0nh\u1eefng l\u1ed7i do con ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u00e2y ra v\u00e0 c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c kh\u00e1c x\u1ea3y ra t\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi xem x\u00e9t nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a nhau. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y v\u1eabn tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a \u1ee6y ban An to\u00e0n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n Hoa K\u1ef3 (U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission &#8211; NRC), nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c ngang h\u00e0ng th\u00ec to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n h\u01a1n v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng cao m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc trong v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh, v\u01b0\u1ee3t xa nh\u1eefng g\u00ec ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, Vi\u1ec7n Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.epri.com\/\">Electric Power Research Institute<\/a>&#8211; EPRI) \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng r\u1ee7i ro v\u1ec1 an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 v\u1ec1 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng m\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta v\u1eabn quan ni\u1ec7m tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y. C\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1980 v\u00e0 1990 cho th\u1ea5y bi\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9 an to\u00e0n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n th\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f2n t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i nh\u1ecf, trong khi \u0111\u00f3, m\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y c\u1ee7a EPRI ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n hi\u1ec7n nay \u1edf M\u1ef9 an to\u00e0n h\u01a1n g\u1ea5p g\u1ea7n 100 l\u1ea7n so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau an to\u00e0n c\u1ee7a \u1ee6y ban An to\u00e0n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n Hoa K\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ec1 ra.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n \u0111ang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ed1t<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">C\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh 98 nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9. V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t c\u1ee7a NRC v\u00e0 c\u00e1c l\u1edbp b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 an to\u00e0n, nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p an to\u00e0n nh\u1ea5t \u1edf Hoa K\u1ef3. C\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00f3 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 cao: Ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 gi\u1ea5y ph\u00e9p li\u00ean bang, \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5p ph\u00e9p v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00ec nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh c\u1ee9 m\u1ed7i 5 tu\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i d\u00e0nh 1 tu\u1ea7n cho vi\u1ec7c hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n, b\u1ed3i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Sau v\u1ee5 tai n\u1ea1n t\u1ea1i Three Mile Island 2, ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp H\u1ecdc vi\u1ec7n \u0110\u00e0o t\u1ea1o H\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n cao nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o trong to\u00e0n ng\u00e0nh. C\u1ee9 b\u1ed1n n\u0103m, \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn c\u1ee7a H\u1ecdc vi\u1ec7n, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n cao trong c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y c\u0169ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o, l\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n sao ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u00e1y t\u00ednh thay v\u00ec k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c thao t\u00e1c \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c tai n\u1ea1n gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh, nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng th\u1ef1c, t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c phi c\u00f4ng m\u00e1y bay ph\u1ea3n l\u1ef1c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c tr\u1ee5c tr\u1eb7c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc m\u00e1y bay m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1979<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">S\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. Tuy c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nhau \u1edf b\u1ec1 ngo\u00e0i, nh\u01b0ng th\u1ef1c ra trong su\u1ed1t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, ch\u00fang li\u00ean t\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh t\u1ed1i \u01b0u.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">V\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m\u00a0c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n xin gia h\u1ea1n gi\u1ea5y ph\u00e9p v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh v\u1edbi \u1ee6y ban An to\u00e0n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n NRC sau 40 n\u0103m ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p li\u00ean t\u1ee5c \u2013 nh\u1edd nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi tuabin, m\u00e1y b\u01a1m, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u0103ng s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn n\u00e0y, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 kh\u00e1c, \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y d\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng. H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t trung b\u00ecnh cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n trong n\u0103m 2018 l\u00e0 92,3%, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 lu\u00f4n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1970, c\u00e1c l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng trung b\u00ecnh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u01b0\u1edbi 60% s\u1ed1 gi\u1edd trong m\u1ed9t n\u0103m.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t lo\u1ea1i nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tai n\u1ea1n (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nei.org\/advocacy\/make-regulations-smarter\/accident-tolerant-fuel\">accident-tolerant fuels<\/a>), nh\u1edd v\u1eady gi\u00fap t\u0103ng th\u00eam hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y, n\u00e2ng cao an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 c\u1eaft gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho nh\u1eefng t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng x\u1ea5u nh\u1ea5t<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">C\u00e1c nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh t\u1ea1i m\u1ed7i nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb c\u00e1c k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 chi ti\u1ebft v\u1edbi <em>m\u1ed9t m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau kh\u1eafc s\u00e2u trong t\u00e2m tr\u00ed: b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">C\u00e1c k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t ra b\u1edfi NRC v\u00e0 C\u01a1 quan Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p Li\u00ean bang &#8211; <em>Federal Emergency Management Agency. <\/em>C\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y h\u00e0ng th\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ec1u ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n v\u00e0 di\u1ec5n t\u1eadp \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1, v\u00e0 c\u1ee9 sau hai n\u0103m h\u1ecd l\u1ea1i ki\u1ec3m tra k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 NRC.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">C\u00e1c k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t ra. Sau v\u1ee5 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng kh\u1ee7ng b\u1ed1 ng\u00e0y 11 th\u00e1ng 9 n\u0103m 2001, ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 bao qu\u00e1t h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng l\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra. H\u01a1n th\u1ebf n\u1eefa, sau v\u1ee5 tai n\u1ea1n Fukushima n\u0103m 2011, ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u00e3 l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t th\u00eam thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb an to\u00e0n d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c kho ch\u1ee9a khu v\u1ef1c. Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c FLEX <em>(Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p do Vi\u1ec7n N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng H\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n Hoa K\u1ef3 (NEI) \u0111\u01b0a ra 5 n\u0103m sau tai n\u1ea1n Fukushima, Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e0y ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1eb7t th\u00eam m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 an to\u00e0n cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n- ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1ecbch<\/em>), \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o kho\u1ea3ng 1.500 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb b\u1ed5 sung, t\u1eeb v\u00f2i phun \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n, lu\u00f4n s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 cung c\u1ea5p h\u01a1n 55 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng \u201cs\u1ea1ch\u201d kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i kh\u00ed carbon \u1edf Hoa K\u1ef3 m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng c\u01a1 s\u1edf c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 an ninh nh\u1ea5t trong c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc. <strong>V\u00e0 40 n\u0103m sau v\u1ee5 tai n\u1ea1n t\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y Three Mile Island, n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n v\u1eabn l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u1ee5 t\u1ea3i c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n an to\u00e0n nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 s\u1ea1ch nh\u1ea5t.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><strong>Bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch v\u00e0 ch\u00fa gi\u1ea3i: Nguy\u1ec5n Th\u1ecb Y\u00ean Ninh<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ng\u00e0y 28 th\u00e1ng 3 \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u 40 n\u0103m k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb v\u1ee5 tai n\u1ea1n l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1i t\u1ed5 m\u00e1y s\u1ed1 2 nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n Three Mile \u00a0Island (TMI). Tai n\u1ea1n n\u00e0y l\u00e0 do s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh nh\u00e0 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2909,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[25,26,16],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2908","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tin-quoc-te","category-tin-tong-hop","category-tin-tuc"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2908","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2908"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2908\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2908"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2908"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2908"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}